Refrigeration cycle

ABSTRACT

A refrigeration cycle is a refrigeration cycle using a mixed refrigerant which is a flammable refrigerant and which contains at least 1,2-difluoroethylene (HFO-1132(E)), and includes a compressor (1), a heat-source-side heat exchanger (3), an expansion mechanism (4), a use-side heat exchanger (2), and a decompression mechanism (7). The decompression mechanism (7) decompresses, between an inlet and an outlet of the heat-source-side heat exchanger (3), the mixed refrigerant flowing through the heat-source-side heat exchanger (3) that functions as an evaporator.

TECHNICAL FIELD

The present disclosure relates to a refrigeration cycle.

BACKGROUND ART

PTL 1 (Japanese Unexamined Patent Application Publication No. 57-198968) discloses a refrigeration cycle using a nonazeotropic mixed refrigerant.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Technical Problem

In a refrigeration cycle using a nonazeotropic mixed refrigerant, when a refrigerant is evaporated under a constant pressure in a heat-source-side heat exchanger, the capacity of heat exchange is not sufficiently provided.

Solution to Problem

A refrigeration cycle according to a first aspect is a refrigeration cycle using a mixed refrigerant which is a flammable refrigerant and which contains at least 1,2-difluoroethylene (HFO-1132(E)), and includes a compressor, a heat-source-side heat exchanger, an expansion mechanism, a use-side heat exchanger, and a decompression mechanism. The decompression mechanism decompresses, between an inlet and an outlet of the heat-source-side heat exchanger, the mixed refrigerant flowing through the heat-source-side heat exchanger that functions as an evaporator.

In this case, when the refrigerant evaporates in the heat-source-side heat exchanger, the decompression mechanism decreases the pressure of the refrigerant in the middle. Accordingly, the difference in evaporation temperature between the inlet and the outlet of the heat-source-side heat exchanger generated when the refrigerant is evaporated under the constant pressure can be decreased. Consequently, the capacity of heat exchange can be ensured, and the performance of the refrigeration cycle can be increased.

A refrigeration cycle according to a second aspect is the refrigeration cycle according to the first aspect, in which the decompression mechanism decompresses the mixed refrigerant flowing through the heat-source-side heat exchanger in accordance with a temperature gradient of the mixed refrigerant.

A refrigeration cycle according to a third aspect is the refrigeration cycle according to the first aspect or the second aspect, in which the heat-source-side heat exchanger includes a first heat exchange section and a second heat exchange section. The decompression mechanism is disposed between the first heat exchange section and the second heat exchange section.

A refrigeration cycle according to a fourth aspect is the refrigeration cycle according to any one of the first aspect to the fourth aspect, in which the use-side heat exchanger is disposed in a use unit. The use-side heat exchanger includes a third heat exchange section located on a front-surface side of the use unit, and a fourth heat exchange section located on a rear-surface side of the use unit. An upper portion of the fourth heat exchange section is located near an upper portion of the third heat exchange section. The third heat exchange section extends obliquely downward from the upper portion thereof toward the front-surface side of the use unit. The fourth heat exchange section extends obliquely downward from the upper portion thereof toward the rear-surface side of the use unit. A capacity of a refrigerant flow path of the third heat exchange section is larger than a capacity of a refrigerant flow path of the fourth heat exchange section.

In this case, the capacity of the refrigerant flow path of the third heat exchange section located on the front-surface side of the use unit is larger than the capacity of the refrigerant flow path of the fourth heat exchange section. Accordingly, the third heat exchange section having a larger capacity of the refrigerant flow path exchanges more heat between the mixed refrigerant and the air on the front-surface side of the use unit of which the velocity of the air passing through the heat exchange section tends to be high.

-   -   A refrigeration cycle according to a 5th aspect is the         refrigeration cycle according to any of the 1st through 4th         aspects, wherein, the refrigerant comprises         trans-1,2-difluoroethylene (HFO-1132(E)), trifluoroethylene         (HFO-1123), and 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoro-1-propene (R1234yf).

In this refrigeration cycle, the capacity of heat exchange can be increased when a refrigerant having a sufficiently low GWP, a refrigeration capacity (may also be referred to as a cooling capacity or a capacity) and a coefficient of performance (COP) equal to those of R410A is used.

-   -   A refrigeration cycle according to a 6th aspect is the         refrigeration cycle according to the 5th aspect, wherein, when         the mass % of HFO-1132(E), HFO-123, and R1234yf based on their         sum in the refrigerant is respectively represented by x, y, and         z, coordinates (x,y,z) in a ternary composition diagram in which         the sum of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R1234yf is 100 mass % are         within the range of a figure surrounded by line segments AA′,         A′B, BD, DC′, C′C, CO, and OA that connect the following 7         points:         point A (68.6, 0.0, 31.4),         point A′ (30.6, 30.0, 39.4),         point B (0.0, 58.7, 41.3),         point D (0.0, 80.4, 19.6),         point C′ (19.5, 70.5, 10.0),         point C (32.9, 67.1, 0.0), and         point O (100.0, 0.0, 0.0),         or on the above line segments (excluding the points on the line         segments BD, CO, and OA);     -   the line segment AA′ is represented by coordinates (x,         0.0016x²−0.9473x+57.497, −0.0016x²−0.0527x+42.503),     -   the line segment A′B is represented by coordinates (x,         0.0029x²−1.0268x+58.7, −0.0029x²+0.0268x+41.3),     -   the line segment DC′ is represented by coordinates (x,         0.0082x²−0.6671x+80.4, −0.0082x²−0.3329x+19.6),     -   the line segment C′C is represented by coordinates (x,         0.0067x²−0.6034x+79.729, −0.0067x²−0.3966x+20.271), and     -   the line segments BD, CO, and OA are straight lines.     -   A refrigeration cycle according to a 7th aspect is the         refrigeration cycle according to the 5th aspect, wherein, when         the mass % of HFO-1132(E), HFO-123, and R1234yf based on their         sum in the refrigerant is respectively represented by x, y, and         z, coordinates (x,y,z) in a ternary composition diagram in which         the sum of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R1234yf is 100 mass % are         within the range of a figure surrounded by line segments GI, IA,         AA′, A′B, BD, DC′, C′C, and CG that connect the following 8         points:         point G (72.0, 28.0, 0.0),         point I (72.0, 0.0, 28.0),         point A (68.6, 0.0, 31.4),         point A′ (30.6, 30.0, 39.4),         point B (0.0, 58.7, 41.3),         point D (0.0, 80.4, 19.6),         point C′(19.5, 70.5, 10.0), and         point C (32.9, 67.1, 0.0),         or on the above line segments (excluding the points on the line         segments IA, BD, and CG);     -   the line segment AA′ is represented by coordinates (x,         0.0016x²−0.9473x+57.497, −0.0016x²−0.0527x+42.503),     -   the line segment A′B is represented by coordinates (x,         0.0029x²−1.0268x+58.7, −0.0029x²+0.0268x+41.3),     -   the line segment DC′ is represented by coordinates (x,         0.0082x²−0.6671x+80.4, −0.0082x²−0.3329x+19.6),     -   the line segment C′C is represented by coordinates (x,         0.0067x²−0.6034x+79.729, −0.0067x²−0.3966x+20.271), and     -   the line segments GI, IA, BD, and CG are straight lines.     -   A refrigeration cycle according to a 8th aspect is the         refrigeration cycle according to the 5th aspect, wherein, when         the mass % of HFO-1132(E), HFO-123, and R1234yf based on their         sum in the refrigerant is respectively represented by x, y, and         z, coordinates (x,y,z) in a ternary composition diagram in which         the sum of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R1234yf is 100 mass % are         within the range of a figure surrounded by line segments JP, PN,         NK, KA′, A′B, BD, DC′, C′C, and CJ that connect the following 9         points:         point J (47.1, 52.9, 0.0),         point P (55.8, 42.0, 2.2),         point N (68.6, 16.3, 15.1),         point K (61.3, 5.4, 33.3),         point A′ (30.6, 30.0, 39.4),         point B (0.0, 58.7, 41.3),         point D (0.0, 80.4, 19.6),         point C′(19.5, 70.5, 10.0), and         point C (32.9, 67.1, 0.0),         or on the above line segments (excluding the points on the line         segments BD and CJ);     -   the line segment PN is represented by coordinates (x,         −0.1135x²+12.112x−280.43, 0.1135x²−13.112x+380.43),     -   the line segment NK is represented by coordinates (x,         0.2421x²−29.955x+931.91, −0.2421x²+28.955x−831.91),     -   the line segment KA′ is represented by coordinates (x,         0.0016x²−0.9473x+57.497, −0.0016x²−0.0527x+42.503),     -   the line segment A′B is represented by coordinates (x,         0.0029x²−1.0268x+58.7, −0.0029x²+0.0268x+41.3),     -   the line segment DC′ is represented by coordinates (x,         0.0082x²−0.6671x+80.4, −0.0082x²−0.3329x+19.6),     -   the line segment C′C is represented by coordinates (x,         0.0067x²−0.6034x+79.729, −0.0067x²−0.3966x+20.271), and     -   the line segments JP, BD, and CG are straight lines.     -   A refrigeration cycle according to a 9th aspect is the         refrigeration cycle according to the 5th aspect, wherein, when         the mass % of HFO-1132(E), HFO-123, and R1234yf based on their         sum in the refrigerant is respectively represented by x, y, and         z, coordinates (x,y,z) in a ternary composition diagram in which         the sum of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R1234yf is 100 mass % are         within the range of a figure surrounded by line segments JP, PL,         LM, MA′, A′B, BD, DC′, C′C, and CJ that connect the following 9         points:         point J (47.1, 52.9, 0.0),         point P (55.8, 42.0, 2.2),         point L (63.1, 31.9, 5.0),         point M (60.3, 6.2, 33.5),         point A′ (30.6, 30.0, 39.4),         point B (0.0, 58.7, 41.3),         point D (0.0, 80.4, 19.6),         point C′(19.5, 70.5, 10.0), and         point C (32.9, 67.1, 0.0),         or on the above line segments (excluding the points on the line         segments BD and CJ);     -   the line segment PL is represented by coordinates (x,         −0.1135x²+12.112x−280.43, 0.1135x²−13.112x+380.43)     -   the line segment MA′ is represented by coordinates (x,         0.0016x²−0.9473x+57.497, −0.0016x²−0.0527x+42.503),     -   the line segment A′B is represented by coordinates (x,         0.0029x²−1.0268x+58.7, −0.0029x²+0.0268x+41.3),     -   the line segment DC′ is represented by coordinates (x,         0.0082x²−0.6671x+80.4, −0.0082x²−0.3329x+19.6),     -   the line segment C′C is represented by coordinates (x,         0.0067x²−0.6034x+79.729, −0.0067x²−0.3966x+20.271), and     -   the line segments JP, LM, BD, and CG are straight lines.     -   A refrigeration cycle according to a 10th aspect is the         refrigeration cycle according to the 5th aspect, wherein, when         the mass % of HFO-1132(E), HFO-123, and R1234yf based on their         sum in the refrigerant is respectively represented by x, y, and         z, coordinates (x,y,z) in a ternary composition diagram in which         the sum of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R1234yf is 100 mass % are         within the range of a figure surrounded by line segments PL, LM,         MA′, A′B, BF, FT, and TP that connect the following 7 points:         point P (55.8, 42.0, 2.2),         point L (63.1, 31.9, 5.0),         point M (60.3, 6.2, 33.5),         point A′ (30.6, 30.0, 39.4),         point B (0.0, 58.7, 41.3),         point F (0.0, 61.8, 38.2), and         point T (35.8, 44.9, 19.3),         or on the above line segments (excluding the points on the line         segment BF);     -   the line segment PL is represented by coordinates (x,         −0.1135x²+12.112x−280.43, 0.1135x²−13.112x+380.43),     -   the line segment MA′ is represented by coordinates (x,         0.0016x²−0.9473x+57.497, −0.0016x²−0.0527x+42.503),     -   the line segment A′B is represented by coordinates (x,         0.0029x²−1.0268x+58.7, −0.0029x²+0.0268x+41.3),     -   the line segment FT is represented by coordinates (x,         0.0078x²−0.7501x+61.8, −0.0078x²−0.2499x+38.2),     -   the line segment TP is represented by coordinates (x,         0.00672x²−0.7607x+63.525, −0.00672x²−0.2393x+36.475), and     -   the line segments LM and BF are straight lines.     -   A refrigeration cycle according to a 11th aspect is the         refrigeration cycle according to the 5th aspect, wherein, when         the mass % of HFO-1132(E), HFO-123, and R1234yf based on their         sum in the refrigerant is respectively represented by x, y, and         z, coordinates (x,y,z) in a ternary composition diagram in which         the sum of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R1234yf is 100 mass % are         within the range of a figure surrounded by line segments PL, LQ,         QR, and RP that connect the following 4 points:         point P (55.8, 42.0, 2.2),         point L (63.1, 31.9, 5.0),         point Q (62.8, 29.6, 7.6), and         point R (49.8, 42.3, 7.9),         or on the above line segments;     -   the line segment PL is represented by coordinates (x,         −0.1135x²+12.112x−280.43, 0.1135x²−13.112x+380.43),     -   the line segment RP is represented by coordinates (x,         0.00672x²−0.7607x+63.525, −0.00672x²−0.2393x+36.475), and     -   the line segments LQ and QR are straight lines.     -   A refrigeration cycle according to a 12th aspect is the         refrigeration cycle according to the 5th aspect, wherein, when         the mass % of HFO-1132(E), HFO-123, and R1234yf based on their         sum in the refrigerant is respectively represented by x, y, and         z, coordinates (x,y,z) in a ternary composition diagram in which         the sum of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R1234yf is 100 mass % are         within the range of a figure surrounded by line segments SM,         MA′, A′B, BF, FT, and TS that connect the following 6 points:         point S (62.6, 28.3, 9.1),         point M (60.3, 6.2, 33.5),         point A′ (30.6, 30.0, 39.4),         point B (0.0, 58.7, 41.3),         point F (0.0, 61.8, 38.2), and         point T (35.8, 44.9, 19.3),         or on the above line segments,     -   the line segment MA′ is represented by coordinates (x,         0.0016x²−0.9473x+57.497, −0.0016x²−0.0527x+42.503),     -   the line segment A′B is represented by coordinates (x,         0.0029x²−1.0268x+58.7, −0.0029x²+0.0268x+41.3),     -   the line segment FT is represented by coordinates (x,         0.0078x²−0.7501x+61.8, −0.0078x²−0.2499x+38.2),     -   the line segment TS is represented by coordinates (x,         −0.0017x²−0.7869x+70.888, −0.0017x²−0.2131x+29.112), and     -   the line segments SM and BF are straight lines.     -   A refrigeration cycle according to a 13th aspect is the         refrigeration cycle according to any of the 1st through 4th         aspects, wherein, the refrigerant comprises         trans-1,2-difluoroethylene (HFO-1132(E)) and trifluoroethylene         (HFO-1123) in a total amount of 99.5 mass % or more based on the         entire refrigerant, and     -   the refrigerant comprises 62.0 mass % to 72.0 mass % of         HFO-1132(E) based on the entire refrigerant.     -   In this refrigeration cycle, the capacity of heat exchange can         be increased when a refrigerant having a sufficiently low GWP, a         refrigeration capacity (may also be referred to as a cooling         capacity or a capacity) and a coefficient of performance (COP)         equal to those of R410A and classified with lower flammability         (Class 2L) in the standard of The American Society of Heating,         Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers (ASHRAE) is used.     -   A refrigeration cycle according to a 14th aspect is the         refrigeration cycle according to any of the 1st through 4th         aspects, wherein, the refrigerant comprises HFO-1132(E) and         HFO-1123 in a total amount of 99.5 mass % or more based on the         entire refrigerant, and     -   the refrigerant comprises 45.1 mass % to 47.1 mass % of         HFO-1132(E) based on the entire refrigerant.     -   In this refrigeration cycle, the capacity of heat exchange can         be increased when a refrigerant having a sufficiently low GWP, a         refrigeration capacity (may also be referred to as a cooling         capacity or a capacity) and a coefficient of performance (COP)         equal to those of R410A and classified with lower flammability         (Class 2L) in the standard of The American Society of Heating,         Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers (ASHRAE) is used.     -   A refrigeration cycle according to a 15th aspect is the         refrigeration cycle according to any of the 1st through 4th         aspects, wherein, the refrigerant comprises         trans-1,2-difluoroethylene (HFO-1132(E)), trifluoroethylene         (HFO-1123), 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoro-1-propene (R1234yf), and         difluoromethane (R32),         wherein     -   when the mass % of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, R1234yf, and R32 based         on their sum in the refrigerant is respectively represented by         x, y, z, and a,     -   if 0<a≤11.1, coordinates (x,y,z) in a ternary composition         diagram in which the sum of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R1234yf         is (100−a) mass % are within the range of a figure surrounded by         straight lines GI, IA, AB, BD′, D′C, and CG that connect the         following 6 points:         point G (0.026a²−1.7478a+72.0, −0.026a²+0.7478a+28.0, 0.0),         point I (0.026a²−1.7478a+72.0, 0.0, −0.026a²+0.7478a+28.0),         point A (0.0134a²−1.9681a+68.6, 0.0, −0.0134a²+0.9681a+31.4),         point B (0.0, 0.0144a²−1.6377a+58.7, −0.0144a²+0.6377a+41.3),         point D′(0.0, 0.0224a²+0.968a+75.4, −0.0224a²−1.968a+24.6), and         point C (−0.2304a²−0.4062a+32.9, 0.2304a²−0.5938a+67.1, 0.0),         or on the straight lines GI, AB, and D′C (excluding point G,         point I, point A, point B, point D′, and point C);     -   if 11.1<a≤18.2, coordinates (x,y,z) in the ternary composition         diagram are within the range of a figure surrounded by straight         lines GI, IA, AB, BW, and WG that connect the following 5         points:         point G (0.02a²−1.6013a+71.105, −0.02a²+0.6013a+28.895, 0.0),         point I (0.02a²−1.6013a+71.105, 0.0, −0.02a²+0.6013a+28.895),         point A (0.0112a²−1.9337a+68.484, 0.0,         −0.0112a²+0.9337a+31.516),         point B (0.0, 0.0075a²−1.5156a+58.199,         −0.0075a²+0.5156a+41.801), and         point W (0.0, 100.0−a, 0.0),         or on the straight lines GI and AB (excluding point G, point I,         point A, point B, and point W);     -   if 18.2<a≤26.7, coordinates (x,y,z) in the ternary composition         diagram are within the range of a figure surrounded by straight         lines GI, IA, AB, BW, and WG that connect the following 5         points:         point G (0.0135a²−1.4068a+69.727, −0.0135a²+0.4068a+30.273,         0.0),         point I (0.0135a²−1.4068a+69.727, 0.0,         −0.0135a²+0.4068a+30.273),         point A (0.0107a²−1.9142a+68.305, 0.0,         −0.0107a²+0.9142a+31.695),         point B (0.0, 0.009a²−1.6045a+59.318, −0.009a²+0.6045a+40.682),         and         point W (0.0, 100.0−a, 0.0),         or on the straight lines GI and AB (excluding point G, point I,         point A, point B, and point W);     -   if 26.7<a≤36.7, coordinates (x,y,z) in the ternary composition         diagram are within the range of a figure surrounded by straight         lines GI, IA, AB, BW, and WG that connect the following 5         points:         point G (0.0111a²−1.3152a+68.986, −0.0111a²+0.3152a+31.014,         0.0),         point I (0.0111a²−1.3152a+68.986, 0.0,         −0.0111a²+0.3152a+31.014),         point A (0.0103a²−1.9225a+68.793, 0.0,         −0.0103a²+0.9225a+31.207),         point B (0.0, 0.0046a²−1.41a+57.286, −0.0046a²+0.41a+42.714),         and         point W (0.0, 100.0−a, 0.0),         or on the straight lines GI and AB (excluding point G, point I,         point A, point B, and point W); and     -   if 36.7<a≤46.7, coordinates (x,y,z) in the ternary composition         diagram are within the range of a figure surrounded by straight         lines GI, IA, AB, BW, and WG that connect the following 5         points:         point G (0.0061a²−0.9918a+63.902, −0.0061a²−0.0082a+36.098,         0.0),         point I (0.0061a²−0.9918a+63.902, 0.0,         −0.0061a²−0.0082a+36.098),         point A (0.0085a²−1.8102a+67.1, 0.0, −0.0085a²+0.8102a+32.9),         point B (0.0, 0.0012a²−1.1659a+52.95, −0.0012a²+0.1659a+47.05),         and         point W (0.0, 100.0−a, 0.0),         or on the straight lines GI and AB (excluding point G, point I,         point A, point B, and point W).     -   In this refrigeration cycle, the capacity of heat exchange can         be increased when a refrigerant having a sufficiently low GWP, a         refrigeration capacity (may also be referred to as a cooling         capacity or a capacity) and a coefficient of performance (COP)         equal to those of R410A is used.     -   A refrigeration cycle according to a 16th aspect is the         refrigeration cycle according to any of the 1st through 4th         aspects, wherein, the refrigerant comprises         trans-1,2-difluoroethylene (HFO-1132(E)), trifluoroethylene         (HFO-1123), 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoro-1-propene (R1234yf), and         difluoromethane (R32),         wherein     -   when the mass % of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, R1234yf, and R32 based         on their sum in the refrigerant is respectively represented by         x, y, z, and a,     -   if 0<a≤11.1, coordinates (x,y,z) in a ternary composition         diagram in which the sum of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R1234yf         is (100−a) mass % are within the range of a figure surrounded by         straight lines JK′, K′B, BD′, D′C, and CJ that connect the         following 5 points:         point J (0.0049a²−0.9645a+47.1, −0.0049a²−0.0355a+52.9, 0.0),         point K′ (0.0514a²−2.4353a+61.7, −0.0323a²+0.4122a+5.9,         −0.0191a²+1.0231a+32.4),         point B (0.0, 0.0144a²−1.6377a+58.7, −0.0144a²+0.6377a+41.3),         point D′(0.0, 0.0224a²+0.968a+75.4, −0.0224a²−1.968a+24.6), and         point C (−0.2304a²−0.4062a+32.9, 0.2304a²−0.5938a+67.1, 0.0),         or on the straight lines JK′, K′B, and D′C (excluding point J,         point B, point D′, and point C);     -   if 11.1<a≤18.2, coordinates (x,y,z) in the ternary composition         diagram are within the range of a figure surrounded by straight         lines JK′, K′B, BW, and WJ that connect the following 4 points:         point J (0.0243a²−1.4161a+49.725, −0.0243a²+0.4161a+50.275,         0.0),         point K′(0.0341a²−2.1977a+61.187, −0.0236a²+0.34a+5.636,         −0.0105a²+0.8577a+33.177),         point B (0.0, 0.0075a²−1.5156a+58.199,         −0.0075a²+0.5156a+41.801), and         point W (0.0, 100.0−a, 0.0),         or on the straight lines JK′ and K′B (excluding point J, point         B, and point W);     -   if 18.2<a≤26.7, coordinates (x,y,z) in the ternary composition         diagram are within the range of a figure surrounded by straight         lines JK′, K′B, BW, and WJ that connect the following 4 points:         point J (0.0246a²−1.4476a+50.184, −0.0246a²+0.4476a+49.816,         0.0),         point K′ (0.0196a²−1.7863a+58.515, −0.0079a²−0.1136a+8.702,         −0.0117a²+0.8999a+32.783),         point B (0.0, 0.009a²−1.6045a+59.318, −0.009a²+0.6045a+40.682),         and         point W (0.0, 100.0−a, 0.0),         or on the straight lines JK′ and K′B (excluding point J, point         B, and point W);     -   if 26.7<a≤36.7, coordinates (x,y,z) in the ternary composition         diagram are within the range of a figure surrounded by straight         lines JK′, K′A, AB, BW, and WJ that connect the following 5         points:         point J (0.0183a²−1.1399a+46.493, −0.0183a²+0.1399a+53.507,         0.0),         point K′ (−0.0051a²+0.0929a+25.95, 0.0, 0.0051a²−1.0929a+74.05),         point A (0.0103a²−1.9225a+68.793, 0.0,         −0.0103a²+0.9225a+31.207),         point B (0.0, 0.0046a²−1.41a+57.286, −0.0046a²+0.41a+42.714),         and         point W (0.0, 100.0−a, 0.0),         or on the straight lines JK′, K′A, and AB (excluding point J,         point B, and point W); and     -   if 36.7<a≤46.7, coordinates (x,y,z) in the ternary composition         diagram are within the range of a figure surrounded by straight         lines JK′, K′A, AB, BW, and WJ that connect the following 5         points:         point J (−0.0134a²+1.0956a+7.13, 0.0134a²−2.0956a+92.87, 0.0),         point K′(−1.892a+29.443, 0.0, 0.892a+70.557),         point A (0.0085a²−1.8102a+67.1, 0.0, −0.0085a²+0.8102a+32.9),         point B (0.0, 0.0012a²−1.1659a+52.95, −0.0012a²+0.1659a+47.05),         and         point W (0.0, 100.0−a, 0.0),         or on the straight lines JK′, K′A, and AB (excluding point J,         point B, and point W).     -   In this refrigeration cycle, the capacity of heat exchange can         be increased when a refrigerant having a sufficiently low GWP, a         refrigeration capacity (may also be referred to as a cooling         capacity or a capacity) and a coefficient of performance (COP)         equal to those of R410A is used.     -   A refrigeration cycle according to a 17th aspect is the         refrigeration cycle according to any of the 1st through 4th         aspects, wherein the refrigerant comprises         trans-1,2-difluoroethylene(HFO-1132(E)), difluoromethane(R32),         and 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoro-1-propene (R1234yf),         wherein     -   when the mass % of HFO-1132(E), R32, and R1234yf based on their         sum in the refrigerant is respectively represented by x, y, and         z, coordinates (x,y,z) in a ternary composition diagram in which         the sum of HFO-1132(E), R32, and R1234yf is 100 mass % are         within the range of a figure surrounded by line segments IJ, JN,         NE, and EI that connect the following 4 points:         point I (72.0, 0.0, 28.0),         point J (48.5, 18.3, 33.2),         point N (27.7, 18.2, 54.1), and         point E (58.3, 0.0, 41.7),         or on these line segments (excluding the points on the line         segment EI;     -   the line segment I is represented by coordinates         (0.0236y²−1.7616y+72.0, y, −0.0236y²+0.7616y+28.0);     -   the line segment NE is represented by coordinates         (0.012y²−1.9003y+58.3, y, −0.012y²+0.9003y+41.7); and     -   the line segments JN and EI are straight lines.     -   In this refrigeration cycle, the capacity of heat exchange can         be increased when a refrigerant having a sufficiently low GWP, a         refrigeration capacity (may also be referred to as a cooling         capacity or a capacity) equal to those of R410A and classified         with lower flammability (Class 2L) in the standard of The         American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning         Engineers (ASHRAE) is used.     -   A refrigeration cycle according to a 18th aspect is the         refrigeration cycle according to any of the 1st through 4th         aspects, wherein the refrigerant comprises HFO-1132(E), R32, and         R1234yf,         wherein     -   when the mass % of HFO-1132(E), R32, and R1234yf based on their         sum in the refrigerant is respectively represented by x, y, and         z, coordinates (x,y,z) in a ternary composition diagram in which         the sum of HFO-1132(E), R32, and R1234yf is 100 mass % are         within the range of a figure surrounded by line segments MM′,         M′N, NV, VG, and GM that connect the following 5 points:         point M (52.6, 0.0, 47.4),         point M′(39.2, 5.0, 55.8),         point N (27.7, 18.2, 54.1),         point V (11.0, 18.1, 70.9), and         point G (39.6, 0.0, 60.4),         or on these line segments (excluding the points on the line         segment GM);     -   the line segment MM′ is represented by coordinates         (0.132y²−3.34y+52.6, y, −0.132y²+2.34y+47.4);     -   the line segment M′N is represented by coordinates         (0.0596y²−2.2541y+48.98, y, −0.0596y²+1.2541y+51.02);     -   the line segment VG is represented by coordinates         (0.0123y²−1.8033y+39.6, y, −0.0123y²+0.8033y+60.4); and     -   the line segments NV and GM are straight lines.     -   In this refrigeration cycle, the capacity of heat exchange can         be increased when a refrigerant having a sufficiently low GWP, a         refrigeration capacity (may also be referred to as a cooling         capacity or a capacity) equal to those of R410A and classified         with lower flammability (Class 2L) in the standard of The         American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning         Engineers (ASHRAE) is used.     -   A refrigeration cycle according to a 19th aspect is the         refrigeration cycle according to any of the 1st through 4th         aspects, wherein the refrigerant comprises HFO-1132(E), R32, and         R1234yf,         wherein     -   when the mass % of HFO-1132(E), R32, and R1234yf based on their         sum in the refrigerant is respectively represented by x, y and         z, coordinates (x,y,z) in a ternary composition diagram in which         the sum of HFO-1132(E), R32, and R1234yf is 100 mass % are         within the range of a figure surrounded by line segments ON, NU,         and UO that connect the following 3 points:         point O (22.6, 36.8, 40.6),         point N (27.7, 18.2, 54.1), and         point U (3.9, 36.7, 59.4),         or on these line segments;     -   the line segment ON is represented by coordinates         (0.0072y²−0.6701y+37.512, y, −0.0072y²−0.3299y+62.488);     -   the line segment NU is represented by coordinates         (0.0083y²−1.7403y+56.635, y, −0.0083y²+0.7403y+43.365); and     -   the line segment UO is a straight line.     -   In this refrigeration cycle, the capacity of heat exchange can         be increased when a refrigerant having a sufficiently low GWP, a         refrigeration capacity (may also be referred to as a cooling         capacity or a capacity) equal to those of R410A and classified         with lower flammability (Class 2L) in the standard of The         American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning         Engineers (ASHRAE) is used.     -   A refrigeration cycle according to a 20th aspect is the         refrigeration cycle according to any of the 1st through 4th         aspects, wherein the refrigerant comprises HFO-1132(E), R32, and         R1234yf,         wherein     -   when the mass % of HFO-1132(E), R32, and R1234yf based on their         sum in the refrigerant is respectively represented by x, y, and         z, coordinates (x,y,z) in a ternary composition diagram in which         the sum of HFO-1132(E), R32, and R1234yf is 100 mass % are         within the range of a figure surrounded by line segments QR, RT,         TL, LK, and KQ that connect the following 5 points:         point Q (44.6, 23.0, 32.4),         point R (25.5, 36.8, 37.7),         point T (8.6, 51.6, 39.8),         point L (28.9, 51.7, 19.4), and         point K (35.6, 36.8, 27.6),         or on these line segments;     -   the line segment QR is represented by coordinates         (0.0099y²−1.975y+84.765, y, −0.0099y²+0.975y+15.235);     -   the line segment RT is represented by coordinates         (0.0082y²−1.8683y+83.126, y, −0.0082y²+0.8683y+16.874);     -   the line segment LK is represented by coordinates         (0.0049y²−0.8842y+61.488, y, −0.0049y²−0.1158y+38.512);     -   the line segment KQ is represented by coordinates         (0.0095y²−1.2222y+67.676, y, −0.0095y²+0.2222y+32.324); and     -   the line segment TL is a straight line.     -   In this refrigeration cycle, the capacity of heat exchange can         be increased when a refrigerant having a sufficiently low GWP, a         refrigeration capacity (may also be referred to as a cooling         capacity or a capacity) equal to those of R410A and classified         with lower flammability (Class 2L) in the standard of The         American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning         Engineers (ASHRAE) is used.     -   A refrigeration cycle according to a 21st aspect is the         refrigeration cycle according to any of the 1st through 4th         aspects, wherein the refrigerant comprises HFO-1132(E), R32, and         R1234yf,         wherein     -   when the mass % of HFO-1132(E), R32, and R1234yf based on their         sum in the refrigerant is respectively represented by x, y, and         z, coordinates (x,y,z) in a ternary composition diagram in which         the sum of HFO-1132(E), R32, and R1234yf is 100 mass % are         within the range of a figure surrounded by line segments PS, ST,         and TP that connect the following 3 points:         point P (20.5, 51.7, 27.8),         point S (21.9, 39.7, 38.4), and         point T (8.6, 51.6, 39.8),         or on these line segments;     -   the line segment PS is represented by coordinates         (0.0064y²−0.7103y+40.1, y, −0.0064y²−0.2897y+59.9);     -   the line segment ST is represented by coordinates         (0.0082y²−1.8683y+83.126, y, −0.0082y²+0.8683y+16.874); and     -   the line segment TP is a straight line.     -   In this refrigeration cycle, the capacity of heat exchange can         be increased when a refrigerant having a sufficiently low GWP, a         refrigeration capacity (may also be referred to as a cooling         capacity or a capacity) equal to those of R410A and classified         with lower flammability (Class 2L) in the standard of The         American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning         Engineers (ASHRAE) is used.     -   A refrigeration cycle according to a 22nd aspect is the         refrigeration cycle according to any of the 1st through 4th         aspects, wherein the refrigerant comprises         trans-1,2-difluoroethylene (HFO-1132(E)), trifluoroethylene         (HFO-1123), and difluoromethane (R32), wherein     -   when the mass % of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R32 based on their         sum in the refrigerant is respectively represented by x, y, and         z, coordinates (x,y,z) in a ternary composition diagram in which         the sum of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R32 is 100 mass % are         within the range of a figure surrounded by line segments IK,         KB′, B′H, HR, RG, and GI that connect the following 6 points:         point I (72.0, 28.0, 0.0),         point K (48.4, 33.2, 18.4),         point B′ (0.0, 81.6, 18.4),         point H (0.0, 84.2, 15.8),         point R (23.1, 67.4, 9.5), and         point G (38.5, 61.5, 0.0),         or on these line segments (excluding the points on the line         segments B′H and GI);     -   the line segment IK is represented by coordinates         (0.025z²−1.7429z+72.00, −0.025z²+0.7429z+28.0, z),     -   the line segment HR is represented by coordinates         (−0.3123z²+4.234z+11.06, 0.3123z²−5.234z+88.94, z),     -   the line segment RG is represented by coordinates         (−0.0491z²−1.1544z+38.5, 0.0491z²+0.1544z+61.5, z), and     -   the line segments KB′ and GI are straight lines.     -   In this refrigeration cycle, the capacity of heat exchange can         be increased when a refrigerant having a sufficiently low GWP,         and a coefficient of performance (COP) equal to that of R410A is         used.     -   A refrigeration cycle according to a 23rd aspect is the         refrigeration cycle according to any of the 1st through 4th         aspects, wherein the refrigerant comprises HFO-1132(E),         HFO-1123, and R32,         wherein     -   when the mass % of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R32 based on their         sum in the refrigerant is respectively represented by x, y, and         z, coordinates (x,y,z) in a ternary composition diagram in which         the sum of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R32 is 100 mass % are         within the range of a figure surrounded by line segments IJ, JR,         RG, and GI that connect the following 4 points:         point I (72.0, 28.0, 0.0),         point J (57.7, 32.8, 9.5),         point R (23.1, 67.4, 9.5), and         point G (38.5, 61.5, 0.0),         or on these line segments (excluding the points on the line         segment GI);     -   the line segment I is represented by coordinates         (0.025z²−1.7429z+72.0, −0.025z²+0.7429z+28.0, z),     -   the line segment RG is represented by coordinates         (−0.0491z²−1.1544z+38.5, 0.0491z²+0.1544z+61.5, z), and     -   the line segments JR and GI are straight lines.     -   In this refrigeration cycle, the capacity of heat exchange can         be increased when a refrigerant having a sufficiently low GWP,         and a coefficient of performance (COP) equal to that of R410A is         used.     -   A refrigeration cycle according to a 24th aspect is the         refrigeration cycle according to any of the 1st through 4th         aspects, wherein the refrigerant comprises HFO-1132(E),         HFO-1123, and R32,         wherein     -   when the mass % of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R32 based on their         sum in the refrigerant is respectively represented by x, y, and         z, coordinates (x,y,z) in a ternary composition diagram in which         the sum of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R32 is 100 mass % are         within the range of a figure surrounded by line segments MP,         PB′, B′H, HR, RG, and GM that connect the following 6 points:         point M (47.1, 52.9, 0.0),         point P (31.8, 49.8, 18.4),         point B′(0.0, 81.6, 18.4),         point H (0.0, 84.2, 15.8),         point R (23.1, 67.4, 9.5), and         point G (38.5, 61.5, 0.0),         or on these line segments (excluding the points on the line         segments B′H and GM);     -   the line segment MP is represented by coordinates         (0.0083z²−0.984z+47.1, −0.0083z²−0.016z+52.9, z),     -   the line segment HR is represented by coordinates         (−0.3123z²+4.234z+11.06, 0.3123z²−5.234z+88.94, z),     -   the line segment RG is represented by coordinates         (−0.0491z²−1.1544z+38.5, 0.0491z²+0.1544z+61.5, z), and     -   the line segments PB′ and GM are straight lines.     -   In this refrigeration cycle, the capacity of heat exchange can         be increased when a refrigerant having a sufficiently low GWP,         and a coefficient of performance (COP) equal to that of R410A is         used.     -   A refrigeration cycle according to a 25th aspect is the         refrigeration cycle according to any of the 1st through 4th         aspects, wherein the refrigerant comprises HFO-1132(E),         HFO-1123, and R32,         wherein     -   when the mass % of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R32 based on their         sum in the refrigerant is respectively represented by x, y, and         z, coordinates (x,y,z) in a ternary composition diagram in which         the sum of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R32 is 100 mass % are         within the range of a figure surrounded by line segments MN, NR,         RG, and GM that connect the following 4 points:         point M (47.1, 52.9, 0.0),         point N (38.5, 52.1, 9.5),         point R (23.1, 67.4, 9.5), and         point G (38.5, 61.5, 0.0),         or on these line segments (excluding the points on the line         segment GM);     -   the line segment MN is represented by coordinates         (0.0083z²−0.984z+47.1, −0.0083z²−0.016z+52.9, z),     -   the line segment RG is represented by coordinates         (−0.0491z²−1.1544z+38.5, 0.0491z²+0.1544z+61.5, z), and     -   the line segments JR and GI are straight lines.     -   In this refrigeration cycle, the capacity of heat exchange can         be increased when a refrigerant having a sufficiently low GWP,         and a coefficient of performance (COP) equal to that of R410A is         used.     -   A refrigeration cycle according to a 26th aspect is the         refrigeration cycle according to any of the 1st through 4th         aspects, wherein the refrigerant comprises HFO-1132(E),         HFO-1123, and R32,         wherein     -   when the mass % of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R32 based on their         sum in the refrigerant is respectively represented by x, y, and         z, coordinates (x,y,z) in a ternary composition diagram in which         the sum of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R32 is 100 mass % are         within the range of a figure surrounded by line segments PS, ST,         and TP that connect the following 3 points:         point P (31.8, 49.8, 18.4),         point S (25.4, 56.2, 18.4), and         point T (34.8, 51.0, 14.2),         or on these line segments;     -   the line segment ST is represented by coordinates         (−0.0982z²+0.9622z+40.931, 0.0982z²−1.9622z+59.069, z),     -   the line segment TP is represented by coordinates         (0.0083z²−0.984z+47.1, −0.0083z²−0.016z+52.9, z), and     -   the line segment PS is a straight line.     -   In this refrigeration cycle, the capacity of heat exchange can         be increased when a refrigerant having a sufficiently low GWP,         and a coefficient of performance (COP) equal to that of R410A is         used.     -   A refrigeration cycle according to a 27th aspect is the         refrigeration cycle according to any of the 1st through 4th         aspects, wherein the refrigerant comprises HFO-1132(E),         HFO-1123, and R32,         wherein     -   when the mass % of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R32 based on their         sum in the refrigerant is respectively represented by x, y, and         z, coordinates (x,y,z) in a ternary composition diagram in which         the sum of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R32 is 100 mass % are         within the range of a figure surrounded by line segments QB″,         B″D, DU, and UQ that connect the following 4 points:         point Q (28.6, 34.4, 37.0),         point B″ (0.0, 63.0, 37.0),         point D (0.0, 67.0, 33.0), and         point U (28.7, 41.2, 30.1),         or on these line segments (excluding the points on the line         segment B″D);     -   the line segment DU is represented by coordinates         (−3.4962z²+210.71z−3146.1, 3.4962z²−211.71z+3246.1, z),     -   the line segment UQ is represented by coordinates         (0.0135z²−0.9181z+44.133, −0.0135z²−0.0819z+55.867, z), and     -   the line segments QB″ and B″D are straight lines.     -   In this refrigeration cycle, the capacity of heat exchange can         be increased when a refrigerant having a sufficiently low GWP,         and a coefficient of performance (COP) equal to that of R410A is         used.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an instrument used for a flammability test.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing points A to T and line segments that connect these points in a ternary composition diagram in which the sum of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R1234yf is 100 mass %.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing points A to C, D′, G, I, J, and K′, and line segments that connect these points to each other in a ternary composition diagram in which the sum of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R1234yf is (100−a) mass %.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing points A to C, D′, G, I, J, and K′, and line segments that connect these points to each other in a ternary composition diagram in which the sum of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R1234yf is 92.9 mass % (the content of R32 is 7.1 mass %).

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing points A to C, D′, G, I, J, K′, and W, and line segments that connect these points to each other in a ternary composition diagram in which the sum of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R1234yf is 88.9 mass % (the content of R32 is 11.1 mass %).

FIG. 6 is a diagram showing points A, B, G, I, J, K′, and W, and line segments that connect these points to each other in a ternary composition diagram in which the sum of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R1234yf is 85.5 mass % (the content of R32 is 14.5 mass %).

FIG. 7 is a diagram showing points A, B, G, I, J, K′, and W, and line segments that connect these points to each other in a ternary composition diagram in which the sum of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R1234yf is 81.8 mass % (the content of R32 is 18.2 mass %).

FIG. 8 is a diagram showing points A, B, G, I, J, K′, and W, and line segments that connect these points to each other in a ternary composition diagram in which the sum of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R1234yf is 78.1 mass % (the content of R32 is 21.9 mass %).

FIG. 9 is a diagram showing points A, B, G, I, J, K′, and W, and line segments that connect these points to each other in a ternary composition diagram in which the sum of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R1234yf is 73.3 mass % (the content of R32 is 26.7 mass %).

FIG. 10 is a diagram showing points A, B, G, I, J, K′, and W, and line segments that connect these points to each other in a ternary composition diagram in which the sum of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R1234yf is 70.7 mass % (the content of R32 is 29.3 mass %).

FIG. 11 is a diagram showing points A, B, G, I, J, K′, and W, and line segments that connect these points to each other in a ternary composition diagram in which the sum of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R1234yf is 63.3 mass % (the content of R32 is 36.7 mass %).

FIG. 12 is a diagram showing points A, B, G, I, J, K′, and W, and line segments that connect these points to each other in a ternary composition diagram in which the sum of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R1234yf is 55.9 mass % (the content of R32 is 44.1 mass %).

FIG. 13 is a diagram showing points A, B, G, I, J, K′, and W, and line segments that connect these points to each other in a ternary composition diagram in which the sum of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R1234yf is 52.2 mass % (the content of R32 is 47.8 mass %).

FIG. 14 is a view showing points A to C, E, G, and I to W; and line segments that connect points A to C, E, G, and I to W in a ternary composition diagram in which the sum of HFO-1132(E), R32, and R1234yf is 100 mass %.

FIG. 15 is a view showing points A to U; and line segments that connect the points in a ternary composition diagram in which the sum of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R32 is 100 mass %.

FIG. 16 is a refrigerant circuit diagram illustrating a refrigeration cycle according to a first embodiment.

FIG. 17 is a vertical sectional view of a use unit.

FIG. 18 is a Mollier diagram indicating an operating state of the refrigeration cycle according to the first embodiment.

FIG. 19 is a refrigerant circuit diagram illustrating a refrigeration cycle according to a second embodiment.

DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS (1) Definition of Terms

-   -   In the present specification, the term “refrigerant” includes at         least compounds that are specified in ISO 817 (International         Organization for Standardization), and that are given a         refrigerant number (ASHRAE number) representing the type of         refrigerant with “R” at the beginning; and further includes         refrigerants that have properties equivalent to those of such         refrigerants, even though a refrigerant number is not yet given.         Refrigerants are broadly divided into fluorocarbon compounds and         non-fluorocarbon compounds in terms of the structure of the         compounds. Fluorocarbon compounds include chlorofluorocarbons         (CFC), hydrochlorofluorocarbons (HCFC), and hydrofluorocarbons         (HFC). Non-fluorocarbon compounds include propane (R290),         propylene (R1270), butane (R600), isobutane (R600a), carbon         dioxide (R744), ammonia (R717), and the like.     -   In the present specification, the phrase “composition comprising         a refrigerant” at least includes (1) a refrigerant itself         (including a mixture of refrigerants), (2) a composition that         further comprises other components and that can be mixed with at         least a refrigeration oil to obtain a working fluid for a         refrigerating machine, and (3) a working fluid for a         refrigerating machine containing a refrigeration oil. In the         present specification, of these three embodiments, the         composition (2) is referred to as a “refrigerant composition” so         as to distinguish it from a refrigerant itself (including a         mixture of refrigerants). Further, the working fluid for a         refrigerating machine (3) is referred to as a “refrigeration         oil-containing working fluid” so as to distinguish it from the         “refrigerant composition.”     -   In the present specification, when the term “alternative” is         used in a context in which the first refrigerant is replaced         with the second refrigerant, the first type of “alternative”         means that equipment designed for operation using the first         refrigerant can be operated using the second refrigerant under         optimum conditions, optionally with changes of only a few parts         (at least one of the following: refrigeration oil, gasket,         packing, expansion valve, dryer, and other parts) and equipment         adjustment. In other words, this type of alternative means that         the same equipment is operated with an alternative refrigerant.         Embodiments of this type of “alternative” include “drop-in         alternative,” “nearly drop-in alternative,” and “retrofit,” in         the order in which the extent of changes and adjustment         necessary for replacing the first refrigerant with the second         refrigerant is smaller.     -   The term “alternative” also includes a second type of         “alternative,” which means that equipment designed for operation         using the second refrigerant is operated for the same use as the         existing use with the first refrigerant by using the second         refrigerant. This type of alternative means that the same use is         achieved with an alternative refrigerant.     -   In the present specification, the term “refrigerating machine”         refers to machines in general that draw heat from an object or         space to make its temperature lower than the temperature of         ambient air, and maintain a low temperature. In other words,         refrigerating machines refer to conversion machines that gain         energy from the outside to do work, and that perform energy         conversion, in order to transfer heat from where the temperature         is lower to where the temperature is higher.     -   In the present specification, a refrigerant having a “WCF lower         flammability” means that the most flammable composition (worst         case of formulation for flammability: WCF) has a burning         velocity of 10 cm/s or less according to the US ANSI/ASHRAE         Standard 34-2013. Further, in the present specification, a         refrigerant having “ASHRAE lower flammability” means that the         burning velocity of WCF is 10 cm/s or less, that the most         flammable fraction composition (worst case of fractionation for         flammability: WCFF), which is specified by performing a leakage         test during storage, shipping, or use based on ANSI/ASHRAE         34-2013 using WCF, has a burning velocity of 10 cm/s or less,         and that flammability classification according to the US         ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 34-2013 is determined to classified as be         “Class 2L.”     -   In the present specification, a refrigerant having an “RCL of x         % or more” means that the refrigerant has a refrigerant         concentration limit (RCL), calculated in accordance with the US         ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 34-2013, of x % or more. RCL refers to a         concentration limit in the air in consideration of safety         factors. RCL is an index for reducing the risk of acute         toxicity, suffocation, and flammability in a closed space where         humans are present. RCL is determined in accordance with the         ASHRAE Standard. More specifically, RCL is the lowest         concentration among the acute toxicity exposure limit (ATEL),         the oxygen deprivation limit (ODL), and the flammable         concentration limit (FCL), which are respectively calculated in         accordance with sections 7.1.1, 7.1.2, and 7.1.3 of the ASHRAE         Standard.     -   In the present specification, temperature glide refers to an         absolute value of the difference between the initial temperature         and the end temperature in the phase change process of a         composition containing the refrigerant of the present disclosure         in the heat exchanger of a refrigerant system.

(2) Refrigerant (2-1) Refrigerant Component

Any one of various refrigerants such as refrigerant A, refrigerant B, refrigerant C, refrigerant D, and refrigerant E, details of these refrigerant are to be mentioned later, can be used as the refrigerant.

(2-2) Use of refrigerant

The refrigerant according to the present disclosure can be preferably used as a working fluid in a refrigerating machine.

The composition according to the present disclosure is suitable for use as an alternative refrigerant for HFC refrigerant such as R410A, R407C and R404 etc, or HCFC refrigerant such as R22 etc.

(3) Refrigerant Composition

-   -   The refrigerant composition according to the present disclosure         comprises at least the refrigerant according to the present         disclosure, and can be used for the same use as the refrigerant         according to the present disclosure. Moreover, the refrigerant         composition according to the present disclosure can be further         mixed with at least a refrigeration oil to thereby obtain a         working fluid for a refrigerating machine.     -   The refrigerant composition according to the present disclosure         further comprises at least one other component in addition to         the refrigerant according to the present disclosure. The         refrigerant composition according to the present disclosure may         comprise at least one of the following other components, if         necessary. As described above, when the refrigerant composition         according to the present disclosure is used as a working fluid         in a refrigerating machine, it is generally used as a mixture         with at least a refrigeration oil. Therefore, it is preferable         that the refrigerant composition according to the present         disclosure does not substantially comprise a refrigeration oil.         Specifically, in the refrigerant composition according to the         present disclosure, the content of the refrigeration oil based         on the entire refrigerant composition is preferably 0 to 1 mass         %, and more preferably 0 to 0.1 mass %.

(3-1) Water

-   -   The refrigerant composition according to the present disclosure         may contain a small amount of water. The water content of the         refrigerant composition is preferably 0.1 mass % or less based         on the entire refrigerant. A small amount of water contained in         the refrigerant composition stabilizes double bonds in the         molecules of unsaturated fluorocarbon compounds that can be         present in the refrigerant, and makes it less likely that the         unsaturated fluorocarbon compounds will be oxidized, thus         increasing the stability of the refrigerant composition.

(3-2) Tracer

-   -   A tracer is added to the refrigerant composition according to         the present disclosure at a detectable concentration such that         when the refrigerant composition has been diluted, contaminated,         or undergone other changes, the tracer can trace the changes.     -   The refrigerant composition according to the present disclosure         may comprise a single tracer, or two or more tracers.     -   The tracer is not limited, and can be suitably selected from         commonly used tracers. Preferably, a compound that cannot be an         impurity inevitably mixed in the refrigerant of the present         disclosure is selected as the tracer.     -   Examples of tracers include hydrofluorocarbons,         hydrochlorofluorocarbons, chlorofluorocarbons,         hydrochlorocarbons, fluorocarbons, deuterated hydrocarbons,         deuterated hydrofluorocarbons, perfluorocarbons, fluoroethers,         brominated compounds, iodinated compounds, alcohols, aldehydes,         ketones, and nitrous oxide (N20). The tracer is particularly         preferably a hydrofluorocarbon, a hydrochlorofluorocarbon, a         chlorofluorocarbon, a fluorocarbon, a hydrochlorocarbon, a         fluorocarbon, or a fluoroether.     -   The following compounds are preferable as the tracer.         FC-14 (tetrafluoromethane, CF₄)         HCC-40 (chloromethane, CH₃Cl)         HFC-23 (trifluoromethane, CHF₃)         HFC-41 (fluoromethane, CH₃Cl)         HFC-125 (pentafluoroethane, CF₃CHF₂)         HFC-134a (1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane, CF₃CH₂F)         HFC-134 (1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethane, CHF₂CHF₂)         HFC-143a (1,1,1-trifluoroethane, CF₃CH₃)         HFC-143 (1,1,2-trifluoroethane, CHF₂CH₂F)         HFC-152a (1,1-difluoroethane, CHF₂CH₃)         HFC-152 (1,2-difluoroethane, CHFCH₂F)         HFC-161 (fluoroethane, CH₃CH₂F)         HFC-245fa (1,1,1,3,3-pentafluoropropane, CF₃CH₂CHF₂)         HFC-236fa (1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoropropane, CF₃CH₂CF₃)         HFC-236ea (1,1,1,2,3,3-hexafluoropropane, CF₃CHFCHF₂)         HFC-227ea (1,1,1,2,3,3,3-heptafluoropropane, CF₃CHFCF₃)         HCFC-22 (chlorodifluoromethane, CHClF₂)         HCFC-31 (chlorofluoromethane, CH₂ClF)         CFC-1113 (chlorotrifluoroethylene, CF₂═CClF)         HFE-125 (trifluoromethyl-difluoromethyl ether, CF₃OCHF₂)         HFE-134a (trifluoromethyl-fluoromethyl ether, CF₃OCH₂F)         HFE-143a (trifluoromethyl-methyl ether, CF₃OCH₃)         HFE-227ea (trifluoromethyl-tetrafluoroethyl ether, CF₃OCHFCF₃)         HFE-236fa (trifluoromethyl-trifluoroethyl ether, CF₃OCH₂CF₃)

The tracer compound may be present in the refrigerant composition at a total concentration of about 10 parts per million (ppm) to about 1000 ppm. Preferably, the tracer compound is present in the refrigerant composition at a total concentration of about 30 ppm to about 500 ppm, and most preferably, the tracer compound is present at a total concentration of about 50 ppm to about 300 ppm.

(3-3) Ultraviolet Fluorescent Dye

-   -   The refrigerant composition according to the present disclosure         may comprise a single ultraviolet fluorescent dye, or two or         more ultraviolet fluorescent dyes.     -   The ultraviolet fluorescent dye is not limited, and can be         suitably selected from commonly used ultraviolet fluorescent         dyes.     -   Examples of ultraviolet fluorescent dyes include naphthalimide,         coumarin, anthracene, phenanthrene, xanthene, thioxanthene,         naphthoxanthene, fluorescein, and derivatives thereof. The         ultraviolet fluorescent dye is particularly preferably either         naphthalimide or coumarin, or both.

(3-4) Stabilizer

-   -   The refrigerant composition according to the present disclosure         may comprise a single stabilizer, or two or more stabilizers.     -   The stabilizer is not limited, and can be suitably selected from         commonly used stabilizers.     -   Examples of stabilizers include nitro compounds, ethers, and         amines.     -   Examples of nitro compounds include aliphatic nitro compounds,         such as nitromethane and nitroethane; and aromatic nitro         compounds, such as nitro benzene and nitro styrene.     -   Examples of ethers include 1,4-dioxane.     -   Examples of amines include 2,2,3,3,3-pentafluoropropylamine and         diphenylamine.     -   Examples of stabilizers also include butylhydroxyxylene and         benzotriazole.     -   The content of the stabilizer is not limited. Generally, the         content of the stabilizer is preferably 0.01 to 5 mass %, and         more preferably 0.05 to 2 mass %, based on the entire         refrigerant.

(3-5) Polymerization Inhibitor

-   -   The refrigerant composition according to the present disclosure         may comprise a single polymerization inhibitor, or two or more         polymerization inhibitors.     -   The polymerization inhibitor is not limited, and can be suitably         selected from commonly used polymerization inhibitors.     -   Examples of polymerization inhibitors include         4-methoxy-1-naphthol, hydroquinone, hydroquinone methyl ether,         dimethyl-t-butylphenol, 2,6-di-tert-butyl-p-cresol, and         benzotriazole.     -   The content of the polymerization inhibitor is not limited.         Generally, the content of the polymerization inhibitor is         preferably 0.01 to 5 mass %, and more preferably 0.05 to 2 mass         %, based on the entire refrigerant.

(4) Refrigeration Oil-Containing Working Fluid

-   -   The refrigeration oil-containing working fluid according to the         present disclosure comprises at least the refrigerant or         refrigerant composition according to the present disclosure and         a refrigeration oil, for use as a working fluid in a         refrigerating machine. Specifically, the refrigeration         oil-containing working fluid according to the present disclosure         is obtained by mixing a refrigeration oil used in a compressor         of a refrigerating machine with the refrigerant or the         refrigerant composition. The refrigeration oil-containing         working fluid generally comprises 10 to 50 mass % of         refrigeration oil.

(4-1) Refrigeration Oil

-   -   The refrigeration oil is not limited, and can be suitably         selected from commonly used refrigeration oils. In this case,         refrigeration oils that are superior in the action of increasing         the miscibility with the mixture and the stability of the         mixture, for example, are suitably selected as necessary.     -   The base oil of the refrigeration oil is preferably, for         example, at least one member selected from the group consisting         of polyalkylene glycols (PAG), polyol esters (POE), and         polyvinyl ethers (PVE).     -   The refrigeration oil may further contain additives in addition         to the base oil. The additive may be at least one member         selected from the group consisting of antioxidants,         extreme-pressure agents, acid scavengers, oxygen scavengers,         copper deactivators, rust inhibitors, oil agents, and         antifoaming agents.     -   A refrigeration oil with a kinematic viscosity of 5 to 400 cSt         at 40° C. is preferable from the standpoint of lubrication.     -   The refrigeration oil-containing working fluid according to the         present disclosure may further optionally contain at least one         additive. Examples of additives include compatibilizing agents         described below.

(4-2) Compatibilizing Agent

-   -   The refrigeration oil-containing working fluid according to the         present disclosure may comprise a single compatibilizing agent,         or two or more compatibilizing agents.     -   The compatibilizing agent is not limited, and can be suitably         selected from commonly used compatibilizing agents.     -   Examples of compatibilizing agents include polyoxyalkylene         glycol ethers, amides, nitriles, ketones, chlorocarbons, esters,         lactones, aryl ethers, fluoroethers, and 1,1,1-trifluoroalkanes.         The compatibilizing agent is particularly preferably a         polyoxyalkylene glycol ether.

(5) Various Refrigerants

Hereinafter, the refrigerants A to E, which are the refrigerants used in the present embodiment, will be described in detail.

In addition, each description of the following refrigerant A, refrigerant B, refrigerant C, refrigerant D, and refrigerant E is each independent. The alphabet which shows a point or a line segment, the number of an Examples, and the number of a comparative examples are all independent of each other among the refrigerant A, the refrigerant B, the refrigerant C, the refrigerant D, and the refrigerant E. For example, the first embodiment of the refrigerant A and the first embodiment of the refrigerant B are different embodiment from each other.

(5-1) Refrigerant A

-   -   The refrigerant A according to the present disclosure is a mixed         refrigerant comprising trans-1,2-difluoroethylene (HFO-1132(E)),         trifluoroethylene (HFO-123), and 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoro-1-propene         (R1234yf).     -   The refrigerant A according to the present disclosure has         various properties that are desirable as an R410A-alternative         refrigerant, i.e., a refrigerating capacity and a coefficient of         performance that are equivalent to those of R410A, and a         sufficiently low GWP.     -   The refrigerant A according to the present disclosure is a         composition comprising HFO-1132(E) and R1234yf, and optionally         further comprising HFO-1123, and may further satisfy the         following requirements. This refrigerant also has various         properties desirable as an alternative refrigerant for R410A;         i.e., it has a refrigerating capacity and a coefficient of         performance that are equivalent to those of R410A, and a         sufficiently low GWP.

Requirements

-   -   Preferable refrigerant A is as follows:     -   When the mass % of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R1234yf based on         their sum in the refrigerant is respectively represented by x,         y, and z, coordinates (x,y,z) in a ternary composition diagram         in which the sum of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R1234yf is 100         mass % are within the range of a figure surrounded by line         segments AA′, A′B, BD, DC′, C′C, CO, and OA that connect the         following 7 points:         point A (68.6, 0.0, 31.4),         point A′ (30.6, 30.0, 39.4),         point B (0.0, 58.7, 41.3),         point D (0.0, 80.4, 19.6),         point C′ (19.5, 70.5, 10.0),         point C (32.9, 67.1, 0.0), and         point O (100.0, 0.0, 0.0),         or on the above line segments (excluding the points on the line         CO);     -   the line segment AA′ is represented by coordinates (x,         0.0016x²−0.9473x+57.497, −0.0016x²−0.0527x+42.503),     -   the line segment A′B is represented by coordinates (x,         0.0029x²−1.0268x+58.7, −0.0029x²+0.0268x+41.3,     -   the line segment DC′ is represented by coordinates (x,         0.0082x²−0.6671x+80.4, −0.0082x²−0.3329x+19.6),     -   the line segment C′C is represented by coordinates (x,         0.0067x²−0.6034x+79.729, −0.0067x²−0.3966x+20.271), and     -   the line segments BD, CO, and OA are straight lines.     -   When the requirements above are satisfied, the refrigerant         according to the present disclosure has a refrigerating capacity         ratio of 85% or more relative to that of R410A, and a COP of         92.5% or more relative to that of R410A.     -   When the mass % of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R1234yf, based on         their sum in the refrigerant A according to the present         disclosure is respectively represented by x, y, and z, the         refrigerant is preferably a refrigerant wherein coordinates         (x,y,z) in a ternary composition diagram in which the sum of         HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R1234yf is 100 mass % are within a         figure surrounded by line segments GI, IA, AA′, A′B, BD, DC′,         C′C, and CG that connect the following 8 points:         point G (72.0, 28.0, 0.0),         point I (72.0, 0.0, 28.0),         point A (68.6, 0.0, 31.4),         point A′ (30.6, 30.0, 39.4),         point B (0.0, 58.7, 41.3),         point D (0.0, 80.4, 19.6),         point C′(19.5, 70.5, 10.0), and         point C (32.9, 67.1, 0.0),         or on the above line segments (excluding the points on the line         segment CG);     -   the line segment AA′ is represented by coordinates (x,         0.0016x²−0.9473x+57.497, −0.0016x²−0.0527x+42.503),     -   the line segment A′B is represented by coordinates (x,         0.0029x²−1.0268x+58.7, −0.0029x²+0.0268x+41.3),     -   the line segment DC′ is represented by coordinates (x,         0.0082x²−0.6671x+80.4, −0.0082x²−0.3329x+19.6),     -   the line segment C′C is represented by coordinates (x,         0.0067x²−0.6034x+79.729, −0.0067x²−0.3966x+20.271), and     -   the line segments GI, IA, BD, and CG are straight lines.     -   When the requirements above are satisfied, the refrigerant A         according to the present disclosure has a refrigerating capacity         ratio of 85% or more relative to that of R410A, and a COP of         92.5% or more relative to that of R410A; furthermore, the         refrigerant A has a WCF lower flammability according to the         ASHRAE Standard (the WCF composition has a burning velocity of         10 cm/s or less).     -   When the mass % of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R1234yf based on         their sum in the refrigerant according to the present disclosure         is respectively represented by x, y, and z, the refrigerant is         preferably a refrigerant wherein coordinates (x,y,z) in a         ternary composition diagram in which the sum of HFO-1132(E),         HFO-1123, and R1234yf is 100 mass % are within the range of a         figure surrounded by line segments JP, PN, NK, KA′, A′B, BD,         DC′, C′C, and CJ that connect the following 9 points:         point J (47.1, 52.9, 0.0),         point P (55.8, 42.0, 2.2),         point N (68.6, 16.3, 15.1),         point K (61.3, 5.4, 33.3),         point A′ (30.6, 30.0, 39.4),         point B (0.0, 58.7, 41.3),         point D (0.0, 80.4, 19.6),         point C′(19.5, 70.5, 10.0), and         point C (32.9, 67.1, 0.0),         or on the above line segments (excluding the points on the line         segment CJ);     -   the line segment PN is represented by coordinates (x,         −0.1135x²+12.112x−280.43, 0.1135x²−13.112x+380.43),     -   the line segment NK is represented by coordinates (x,         0.2421x²−29.955x+931.91, −0.2421x²+28.955x−831.91),     -   the line segment KA′ is represented by coordinates (x,         0.0016x²−0.9473x+57.497, −0.0016x²−0.0527x+42.503),     -   the line segment A′B is represented by coordinates (x,         0.0029x²−1.0268x+58.7, −0.0029x²+0.0268x+41.3),     -   the line segment DC′ is represented by coordinates (x,         0.0082x²−0.6671x+80.4, −0.0082x²−0.3329x+19.6),     -   the line segment C′C is represented by coordinates (x,         0.0067x²−0.6034x+79.729, −0.0067x²−0.3966x+20.271), and     -   the line segments JP, BD, and CG are straight lines.     -   When the requirements above are satisfied, the refrigerant A         according to the present disclosure has a refrigerating capacity         ratio of 85% or more relative to that of R410A, and a COP of         92.5% or more relative to that of R410A; furthermore, the         refrigerant exhibits a lower flammability (Class 2L) according         to the ASHRAE Standard (the WCF composition and the WCFF         composition have a burning velocity of 10 cm/s or less).     -   When the mass % of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R1234yf based on         their sum in the refrigerant according to the present disclosure         is respectively represented by x, y, and z, the refrigerant is         preferably a refrigerant wherein coordinates (x,y,z) in a         ternary composition diagram in which the sum of HFO-1132(E),         HFO-1123, and R1234yf is 100 mass % are within the range of a         figure surrounded by line segments JP, PL, LM, MA′, A′B, BD,         DC′, C′C, and CJ that connect the following 9 points:         point J (47.1, 52.9, 0.0),         point P (55.8, 42.0, 2.2),         point L (63.1, 31.9, 5.0),         point M (60.3, 6.2, 33.5),         point A′ (30.6, 30.0, 39.4),         point B (0.0, 58.7, 41.3),         point D (0.0, 80.4, 19.6),         point C′(19.5, 70.5, 10.0), and         point (32.9, 67.1, 0.0),         or on the above line segments (excluding the points on the line         segment CJ);     -   the line segment PL is represented by coordinates (x,         −0.1135x²+12.112x−280.43, 0.1135x²−13.112x+380.43),     -   the line segment MA′ is represented by coordinates (x,         0.0016x²−0.9473x+57.497, −0.0016x²−0.0527x+42.503),     -   the line segment A′B is represented by coordinates (x,         0.0029x²−1.0268x+58.7, −0.0029x²+0.0268x+41.3),     -   the line segment DC′ is represented by coordinates (x,         0.0082x²−0.6671x+80.4, −0.0082x²−0.3329x+19.6),     -   the line segment C′C is represented by coordinates (x,         0.0067x²−0.6034x+79.729, −0.0067x²−0.3966x+20.271), and     -   the line segments JP, LM, BD, and CG are straight lines.

When the requirements above are satisfied, the refrigerant according to the present disclosure has a refrigerating capacity ratio of 85% or more relative to that of R410A, and a COP of 92.5% or more relative to that of R410A; furthermore, the refrigerant has an RCL of 40 g/m³ or more.

-   -   When the mass % of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R1234yf based on         their sum in the refrigerant A according to the present         disclosure is respectively represented by x, y, and z, the         refrigerant is preferably a refrigerant wherein coordinates         (x,y,z) in a ternary composition diagram in which the sum of         HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R1234yf is 100 mass % are within the         range of a figure surrounded by line segments PL, LM, MA′, A′B,         BF, FT, and TP that connect the following 7 points:         point P (55.8, 42.0, 2.2),         point L (63.1, 31.9, 5.0),         point M (60.3, 6.2, 33.5),         point A′ (30.6, 30.0, 39.4),         point B (0.0, 58.7, 41.3),         point F (0.0, 61.8, 38.2), and         point T (35.8, 44.9, 19.3),         or on the above line segments (excluding the points on the line         segment BF);     -   the line segment PL is represented by coordinates (x,         −0.1135x²+12.112x−280.43, 0.1135x²−13.112x+380.43),     -   the line segment MA′ is represented by coordinates (x,         0.0016x²−0.9473x+57.497, −0.0016x²−0.0527x+42.503),     -   the line segment A′B is represented by coordinates (x,         0.0029x²−1.0268x+58.7, −0.0029x²+0.0268x+41.3),     -   the line segment FT is represented by coordinates (x,         0.0078x²−0.7501x+61.8, −0.0078x²−0.2499x+38.2),     -   the line segment TP is represented by coordinates (x,         0.00672x²−0.7607x+63.525, −0.00672x²−0.2393x+36.475), and     -   the line segments LM and BF are straight lines.     -   When the requirements above are satisfied, the refrigerant         according to the present disclosure has a refrigerating capacity         ratio of 85% or more relative to that of R410A, and a COP of 95%         or more relative to that of R410A; furthermore, the refrigerant         has an RCL of 40 g/m³ or more.     -   The refrigerant A according to the present disclosure is         preferably a refrigerant wherein when the mass % of HFO-1132(E),         HFO-1123, and R1234yf based on their sum in the refrigerant is         respectively represented by x, y, and z, coordinates (x,y,z) in         a ternary composition diagram in which the sum of HFO-1132(E),         HFO-1123, and R1234yf is 100 mass % are within the range of a         figure surrounded by line segments PL, LQ, QR, and RP that         connect the following 4 points:         point P (55.8, 42.0, 2.2),         point L (63.1, 31.9, 5.0),         point Q (62.8, 29.6, 7.6), and         point R (49.8, 42.3, 7.9),         or on the above line segments;     -   the line segment PL is represented by coordinates (x,         −0.1135x²+12.112x−280.43, 0.1135x²−13.112x+380.43),     -   the line segment RP is represented by coordinates (x,         0.00672x²−0.7607x+63.525, −0.00672x²−0.2393x+36.475), and     -   the line segments LQ and QR are straight lines.     -   When the requirements above are satisfied, the refrigerant         according to the present disclosure has a COP of 95% or more         relative to that of R410A, and an RCL of 40 g/m³ or more,         furthermore, the refrigerant has a condensation temperature         glide of 1C or less.     -   The refrigerant A according to the present disclosure is         preferably a refrigerant wherein when the mass % of HFO-1132(E),         HFO-1123, and R1234yf based on their sum in the refrigerant is         respectively represented by x, y, and z, coordinates (x,y,z) in         a ternary composition diagram in which the sum of HFO-1132(E),         HFO-1123, and R1234yf is 100 mass % are within the range of a         figure surrounded by line segments SM, MA′, A′B, BF, FT, and TS         that connect the following 6 points:         point S (62.6, 28.3, 9.1),         point M (60.3, 6.2, 33.5),         point A′(30.6, 30.0, 39.4),         point B (0.0, 58.7, 41.3),         point F (0.0, 61.8, 38.2), and         point T (35.8, 44.9, 19.3),         or on the above line segments,     -   the line segment MA′ is represented by coordinates (x,         0.0016x²−0.9473x+57.497, −0.0016x²−0.0527x+42.503),     -   the line segment A′B is represented by coordinates (x,         0.0029x²−1.0268x+58.7, −0.0029x²+0.0268x+41.3),     -   the line segment FT is represented by coordinates (x,         0.0078x²−0.7501x+61.8, −0.0078x²−0.2499x+38.2),     -   the line segment TS is represented by coordinates (x,         −0.0017x²−0.7869x+70.888, −0.0017x²−0.2131x+29.112), and     -   the line segments SM and BF are straight lines.     -   When the requirements above are satisfied, the refrigerant         according to the present disclosure has a refrigerating capacity         ratio of 85% or more relative to that of R410A, a COP of 95% or         more relative to that of R410A, and an RCL of 40 g/m³ or more         furthermore, the refrigerant has a discharge pressure of 105% or         more relative to that of R410A.     -   The refrigerant A according to the present disclosure is         preferably a refrigerant wherein when the mass % of HFO-1132(E),         HFO-1123, and R1234yf based on their sum in the refrigerant is         respectively represented by x, y, and z, coordinates (x,y,z) in         a ternary composition diagram in which the sum of HFO-1132(E),         HFO-1123, and R1234yf is 100 mass % are within the range of a         figure surrounded by line segments Od, dg, gh, and hO that         connect the following 4 points:         point d (87.6, 0.0, 12.4),         point g (18.2, 55.1, 26.7),         point h (56.7, 43.3, 0.0), and         point o (100.0, 0.0, 0.0),         or on the line segments Od, dg, gh, and hO (excluding the points         O and h);     -   the line segment dg is represented by coordinates         (0.0047y²−1.5177y+87.598, y, −0.0047y²+0.5177y+12.402),     -   the line segment gh is represented by coordinates         (−0.0134z²−1.0825z+56.692, 0.0134z²+0.0825z+43.308, z), and     -   the line segments hO and Od are straight lines.     -   When the requirements above are satisfied, the refrigerant         according to the present disclosure has a refrigerating capacity         ratio of 92.5% or more relative to that of R410A, and a COP         ratio of 92.5% or more relative to that of R410A.     -   The refrigerant A according to the present disclosure is         preferably a refrigerant wherein     -   when the mass % of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R1234yf, based on         their sum is respectively represented by x, y, and z,         coordinates (x,y,z) in a ternary composition diagram in which         the sum of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R1234yf is 100 mass % are         within the range of a figure surrounded by line segments lg, gh,         hi, and il that connect the following 4 points:         point l (72.5, 10.2, 17.3),         point g (18.2, 55.1, 26.7),         point h (56.7, 43.3, 0.0), and         point i (72.5, 27.5, 0.0) or         on the line segments lg, gh, and il (excluding the points h and         i);     -   the line segment lg is represented by coordinates         (0.0047y²−1.5177y+87.598, y, −0.0047y²+0.5177y+12.402),     -   the line gh is represented by coordinates         (−0.0134z²−1.0825z+56.692, 0.0134z²+0.0825z+43.308, z), and     -   the line segments hi and il are straight lines.     -   When the requirements above are satisfied, the refrigerant         according to the present disclosure has a refrigerating capacity         ratio of 92.5% or more relative to that of R410A, and a COP         ratio of 92.5% or more relative to that of R410A; furthermore,         the refrigerant has a lower flammability (Class 2L) according to         the ASHRAE Standard.     -   The refrigerant A according to the present disclosure is         preferably a refrigerant wherein     -   when the mass % of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R1234yf based on         their sum is respectively represented by x, y, and z,         coordinates (x,y,z) in a ternary composition diagram in which         the sum of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R1234yf is 100 mass % are         within the range of a figure surrounded by line segments Od, de,         ef, and fO that connect the following 4 points:         point d (87.6, 0.0, 12.4),         point e (31.1, 42.9, 26.0),         point f (65.5, 34.5, 0.0), and         point O (100.0, 0.0, 0.0),         or on the line segments Od, de, and ef (excluding the points O         and f);     -   the line segment de is represented by coordinates         (0.0047y²−1.5177y+87.598, y, −0.0047y²+0.5177y+12.402),     -   the line segment ef is represented by coordinates         (−0.0064z²−1.1565z+65.501, 0.0064z²+0.1565z+34.499, z), and     -   the line segments fO and Od are straight lines.     -   When the requirements above are satisfied, the refrigerant         according to the present disclosure has a refrigerating capacity         ratio of 93.5% or more relative to that of R410A, and a COP         ratio of 93.5% or more relative to that of R410A.     -   The refrigerant A according to the present disclosure is         preferably a refrigerant wherein     -   when the mass % of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R1234yf based on         their sum is respectively represented by x, y, and z,     -   coordinates (x,y,z) in a ternary composition diagram in which         the sum of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R1234yf is 100 mass % are         within the range of a figure surrounded by line segments le, ef,         fi, and il that connect the following 4 points:         point l (72.5, 10.2, 17.3),         point e (31.1, 42.9, 26.0),         point f (65.5, 34.5, 0.0), and         point i (72.5, 27.5, 0.0),         or on the line segments le, ef, and il (excluding the points f         and i);     -   the line segment le is represented by coordinates         (0.0047y²−1.5177y+87.598, y, −0.0047y²+0.5177y+12.402),     -   the line segment ef is represented by coordinates         (−0.0134z²−1.0825z+56.692, 0.0134z²+0.0825z+43.308, z), and     -   the line segments fi and il are straight lines.     -   When the requirements above are satisfied, the refrigerant         according to the present disclosure has a refrigerating capacity         ratio of 93.5% or more relative to that of R410A, and a COP         ratio of 93.5% or more relative to that of R410A; furthermore,         the refrigerant has a lower flammability (Class 2L) according to         the ASHRAE Standard.     -   The refrigerant A according to the present disclosure is         preferably a refrigerant wherein     -   when the mass % of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R1234yf based on         their sum is respectively represented by x, y, and z,     -   coordinates (x,y,z) in a ternary composition diagram in which         the sum of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R1234yf is 100 mass % are         within the range of a figure surrounded by line segments Oa, ab,         bc, and cO that connect the following 4 points:         point a (93.4, 0.0, 6.6),         point b (55.6, 26.6, 17.8),         point c (77.6, 22.4, 0.0), and         point O (100.0, 0.0, 0.0),         or on the line segments Oa, ab, and bc (excluding the points O         and c);     -   the line segment ab is represented by coordinates         (0.0052y²−1.5588y+93.385, y, −0.0052y²+0.5588y+6.615),     -   the line segment be is represented by coordinates         (−0.0032z²−1.1791z+77.593, 0.0032z²+0.1791z+22.407, z), and     -   the line segments cO and Oa are straight lines.     -   When the requirements above are satisfied, the refrigerant         according to the present disclosure has a refrigerating capacity         ratio of 95% or more relative to that of R410A, and a COP ratio         of 95% or more relative to that of R410A.     -   The refrigerant A according to the present disclosure is         preferably a refrigerant wherein     -   when the mass % of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R1234yf based on         their sum is respectively represented by x, y, and z,     -   coordinates (x,y,z) in a ternary composition diagram in which         the sum of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R1234yf is 100 mass % are         within the range of a figure surrounded by line segments kb, bj,         and jk that connect the following 3 points:         point k (72.5, 14.1, 13.4),         point b (55.6, 26.6, 17.8), and         point j (72.5, 23.2, 4.3),         or on the line segments kb, bj, and jk;     -   the line segment kb is represented by coordinates         (0.0052y²−1.5588y+93.385, y, and −0.0052y²+0.5588y+6.615),     -   the line segment bj is represented by coordinates         (−0.0032z²−1.1791z+77.593, 0.0032z²+0.1791z+22.407, z), and     -   the line segment jk is a straight line.     -   When the requirements above are satisfied, the refrigerant         according to the present disclosure has a refrigerating capacity         ratio of 95% or more relative to that of R410A, and a COP ratio         of 95% or more relative to that of R410A; furthermore, the         refrigerant has a lower flammability (Class 2L) according to the         ASHRAE Standard.     -   The refrigerant according to the present disclosure may further         comprise other additional refrigerants in addition to         HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R1234yf, as long as the above         properties and effects are not impaired. In this respect, the         refrigerant according to the present disclosure preferably         comprises HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R1234yf in a total amount         of 99.5 mass % or more, more preferably 99.75 mass % or more,         and still more preferably 99.9 mass % or more, based on the         entire refrigerant.     -   The refrigerant according to the present disclosure may comprise         HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R1234yf in a total amount of 99.5         mass % or more, 99.75 mass % or more, or 99.9 mass % or more,         based on the entire refrigerant.     -   Additional refrigerants are not particularly limited and can be         widely selected. The mixed refrigerant may contain one         additional refrigerant, or two or more additional refrigerants.

(Examples of Refrigerant A)

-   -   The present disclosure is described in more detail below with         reference to Examples of refrigerant A. However, refrigerant A         is not limited to the Examples.     -   The GWP of R1234yf and a composition consisting of a mixed         refrigerant R410A (R32=50⁰/a/R125=50%) was evaluated based on         the values stated in the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate         Change (IPCC), fourth report. The GWP of HFO-1132(E), which was         not stated therein, was assumed to be 1 from HFO-1132a (GWP=1 or         less) and HFO-1123 (GWP=0.3, described in WO2015/141678). The         refrigerating capacity of R410A and compositions each comprising         a mixture of HFO-1132(E), HFO-123, and R1234yf was determined by         performing theoretical refrigeration cycle calculations for the         mixed refrigerants using the National Institute of Science and         Technology (NIST) and Reference Fluid Thermodynamic and         Transport Properties Database (Refprop 9.0) under the following         conditions.     -   Further, the RCL of the mixture was calculated with the LFL of         HFO-1132(E) being 4.7 vol. %, the LFL of HFO-1123 being 10 vol.         %, and the LFL of R1234yf being 6.2 vol. %, in accordance with         the ASHRAE Standard 34-2013.         Evaporating temperature: C         Condensation temperature: 45° C.         Degree of superheating: 5 K         Degree of subcooling: 5K         Compressor efficiency: 700A     -   Tables to 34 show these values together with the GWP of each         mixed refrigerant.

TABLE 1 Comp. Comp. Example Comp. Comp. Ex. 2 Ex. 3 Example 2 Example Ex. 4 Item Unit Ex. 1 O A 1 A′ 3 B HFO-1132(E) mass % R410A 100.0 68.6 49.0 30.6 14.1 0.0 HFO-1123 mass % 0.0 0.0 14.9 30.0 44.8 58.7 R1234yf mass % 0.0 31.4 36.1 39.4 41.1 41.3 GWP — 2088 1 2 2 2 2 2 COP ratio % (relative to 410A) 100 99.7 100.0 98.6 97.3 96.3 95.5 Refrigerating capacity ratio % (relative to 410A) 100 98.3 85.0 85.0 85.0 85.0 85.0 Condensation glide ° C. 0.1 0.00 1.98 3.36 4.46 5.15 5.35 Discharge pressure % (relative to 410A) 100.0 99.3 87.1 88.9 90.6 92.1 93.2 RCL g/m³ — 30.7 37.5 44.0 52.7 64.0 78.6

TABLE 2 Comp. Example Comp. Comp. Example Comp. Ex. 5 Example 5 Example Ex. 6 Ex. 7 7 Ex. 8 Item Unit C 4 C′ 6 D E E′ F HFO-1132(E) mass % 32.9 26.6 19.5 10.9 0.0 58.0 23.4 0.0 HFO-1123 mass % 67.1 68.4 70.5 74.1 80.4 42.0 48.5 61.8 R1234yf mass % 0.0 5.0 10.0 15.0 19.6 0.0 28.1 38.2 GWP — 1 1 1 1 2 1 2 2 COP ratio % (relative to 410A) 92.5 92.5 92.5 92.5 92.5 95.0 95.0 95.0 Refrigerating capacity ratio % (relative to 410A) 107.4 105.2 102.9 100.5 97.9 105.0 92.5 86.9 Condensation glide ° C. 0.16 0.52 0.94 1.42 1.90 0.42 3.16 4.80 Discharge pressure % (relative to 410A) 119.5 117.4 115.3 113.0 115.9 112.7 101.0 95.8 RCL g/m³ 53.5 57.1 62.0 69.1 81.3 41.9 46.3 79.0

TABLE 3 Comp. Example Example Example Example Example Ex. 9 8 9 10 11 12 Item Unit J P L N N′ K HFO-1132(E) mass % 47.1 55.8 63.1 68.6 65.0 61.3 HFO-1123 mass % 52.9 42.0 31.9 16.3 7.7 5.4 R1234yf mass % 0.0 2.2 5.0 15.1 27.3 33.3 GWP — 1 1 1 1 2 2 COP ratio % (relative to 410A) 93.8 95.0 96.1 97.9 99.1 99.5 Refrigerating capacity ratio % (relative to 410A) 106.2 104.1 101.6 95.0 88.2 85.0 Condensation glide ° C. 0.31 0.57 0.81 1.41 2.11 2.51 Discharge pressure % (relative to 410A) 115.8 111.9 107.8 99.0 91.2 87.7 RCL g/m3 46.2 42.6 40.0 38.0 38.7 39.7

TABLE 4 Example Example Example Example Example Example Example 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 Item Unit L M Q R S S′ T HFO-1132(E) mass % 63.1 60.3 62.8 49.8 62.6 50.0 35.8 HFO-1123 mass % 31.9 6.2 29.6 42.3 28.3 35.8 44.9 R1234yf mass % 5.0 33.5 7.6 7.9 9.1 14.2 19.3 GWP — 1 2 1 1 1 1 2 COP ratio % (relative 96.1 99.4 96.4 95.0 96.6 95.8 95.0 to 410A) Refrigerating % (relative 101.6 85.0 100.2 101.7 99.4 98.1 96.7 capacity ratio to 410A) Condensation ° C. 0.81 2.58 1.00 1.00 1.10 1.55 2.07 glide Discharge % (relative 107.8 87.9 106.0 109.6 105.0 105.0 105.0 pressure to 410A) RCL g/m³ 40.0 40.0 40.0 44.8 40.0 44.4 50.8

TABLE 5 Comp. Example Example Ex. 10 20 21 Item Unit G H I HFO-1132(E) mass % 72.0 72.0 72.0 HFO-1123 mass % 28.0 14.0 0.0 R1234yf mass % 0.0 14.0 28.0 GWP — 1 1 2 COP ratio % (relative 96.6 98.2 99.9 to 410A) Refrigerating % (relative 103.1 95.1 86.6 capacity ratio to 410A) Condensation ° C. 0.46 1.27 1.71 glide Discharge % (relative 108.4 98.7 88.6 pressure to 410A) RCL g/m³ 37.4 37.0 36.6

TABLE 6 Comp. Comp. Example Example Example Example Example Comp. Item Unit Ex. 11 Ex. 12 22 23 24 25 26 Ex. 13 HFO-1132(E) mass % 10.0 20.0 30.0 40.0 50.0 60.0 70.0 80.0 HFO-1123 mass % 85.0 75.0 65.0 55.0 45.0 35.0 25.0 15.0 R1234yf mass % 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 GWP — 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 COP ratio % (relative 91.4 92.0 92.8 93.7 94.7 95.8 96.9 98.0 to 410A) Refrigerating % (relative 105.7 105.5 105.0 104.3 103.3 102.0 100.6 99.1 capacity ratio to 410A) Condensation ° C. 0.40 0.46 0.55 0.66 0.75 0.80 0.79 0.67 glide Discharge % (relative 120.1 118.7 116.7 114.3 111.6 108.7 105.6 102.5 pressure to 410A) RCL g/m³ 71.0 61.9 54.9 49.3 44.8 41.0 37.8 35.1

TABLE 7 Comp. Example Example Example Example Example Example Comp. Item Unit Ex. 14 27 28 29 30 31 32 Ex. 15 HFO-1132(E) mass % 10.0 20.0 30.0 40.0 50.0 60.0 70.0 80.0 HFO-1123 mass % 80.0 70.0 60.0 50.0 40.0 30.0 20.0 10.0 R1234yf mass % 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 GWP — 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 COP ratio % (relative 91.9 92.5 93.3 94.3 95.3 96.4 97.5 98.6 to 410A) Refrigerating % (relative 103.2 102.9 102.4 101.5 100.5 99.2 97.8 96.2 capacity ratio to 410A) Condensation ° C. 0.87 0.94 1.03 1.12 1.18 1.18 1.09 0.88 glide Discharge % (relative 116.7 115.2 113.2 110.8 108.1 105.2 102.1 99.0 pressure to 410A) RCL g/m³ 70.5 61.6 54.6 49.1 44.6 40.8 37.7 35.0

TABLE 8 Comp. Example Example Example Example Example Example Comp. Item Unit Ex. 16 33 34 35 36 37 38 Ex. 17 HFO-1132(E) mass % 10.0 20.0 30.0 40.0 50.0 60.0 70.0 80.0 HFO-1123 mass % 75.0 65.0 55.0 45.0 35.0 25.0 15.0 5.0 R1234yf mass % 15.0 15.0 15.0 15.0 15.0 15.0 15.0 15.0 GWP — 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 COP ratio % (relative 92.4 93.1 93.9 94.8 95.9 97.0 98.1 99.2 to 410A) Refrigerating % (relative 100.5 100.2 99.6 98.7 97.7 96.4 94.9 93.2 capacity ratio to 410A) Condensation ° C. 1.41 1.49 1.56 1.62 1.63 1.55 1.37 1.05 glide Discharge % (relative 113.1 111.6 109.6 107.2 104.5 101.6 98.6 95.5 pressure to 410A) RCL g/m³ 70.0 61.2 54.4 48.9 44.4 40.7 37.5 34.8

TABLE 9 Example Example Example Example Example Example Example Item Unit 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 HFO-1132(E) mass % 10.0 20.0 30.0 40.0 50.0 60.0 70.0 HFO-1123 mass % 70.0 60.0 50.0 40.0 30.0 20.0 10.0 R1234yf mass % 20.0 20.0 20.0 20.0 20.0 20.0 20.0 GWP — 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 COP ratio % (relative 93.0 93.7 94.5 95.5 96.5 97.6 98.7 to 410A) Refrigerating % (relative 97.7 97.4 96.8 95.9 94.7 93.4 91.9 capacity ratio to 410A) Condensation ° C. 2.03 2.09 2.13 2.14 2.07 1.91 1.61 glide Discharge % (relative 109.4 107.9 105.9 103.5 100.8 98.0 95.0 pressure to 410A) RCL g/m³ 69.6 60.9 54.1 48.7 44.2 40.5 37.4

TABLE 10 Example Example Example Example Example Example Example Item Unit 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 HFO-1132(E) mass % 10.0 20.0 30.0 40.0 50.0 60.0 70.0 HFO-1123 mass % 65.0 55.0 45.0 35.0 25.0 15.0 5.0 R1234yf mass % 25.0 25.0 25.0 25.0 25.0 25.0 25.0 GWP — 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 COP ratio % (relative 93.6 94.3 95.2 96.1 97.2 98.2 99.3 to 410A) Refrigerating % (relative 94.8 94.5 93.8 92.9 91.8 90.4 88.8 capacity ratio to 410A) Condensation ° C. 2.71 2.74 2.73 2.66 2.50 2.22 1.78 glide Discharge % (relative 105.5 104.0 102.1 99.7 97.1 94.3 91.4 pressure to 410A) RCL g/m³ 69.1 60.5 53.8 48.4 44.0 40.4 37.3

TABLE 11 Example Example Example Example Example Example Item Unit 53 54 55 56 57 58 HFO-1132(E) mass % 10.0 20.0 30.0 40.0 50.0 60.0 HFO-1123 mass % 60.0 50.0 40.0 30.0 20.0 10.0 R1234yf mass % 30.0 30.0 30.0 30.0 30.0 30.0 GWP — 2 2 2 2 2 2 COP ratio % (relative 94.3 95.0 95.9 96.8 97.8 98.9 to 410A) Refrigerating % (relative 91.9 91.5 90.8 89.9 88.7 87.3 capacity ratio to 410A) Condensation ° C. 3.46 3.43 3.35 3.18 2.90 2.47 glide Discharge % (relative 101.6 100.1 98.2 95.9 93.3 90.6 pressure to 410A) RCL g/m³ 68.7 60.2 53.5 48.2 43.9 40.2

TABLE 12 Example Example Example Example Example Comp. Item Unit 59 60 61 62 63 Ex. 18 HFO-1132(E) mass % 10.0 20.0 30.0 40.0 50.0 60.0 HFO-1123 mass % 55.0 45.0 35.0 25.0 15.0 5.0 R1234yf mass % 35.0 35.0 35.0 35.0 35.0 35.0 GWP — 2 2 2 2 2 2 COP ratio % (relative 95.0 95.8 96.6 97.5 98.5 99.6 to 410A) Refrigerating % (relative 88.9 88.5 87.8 86.8 85.6 84.1 capacity ratio to 410A) Condensation ° C. 4.24 4.15 3.96 3.67 3.24 2.64 glide Discharge % (relative 97.6 96.1 94.2 92.0 89.5 86.8 pressure to 410A) RCL g/m³ 68.2 59.8 53.2 48.0 43.7 40.1

TABLE 13 Example Example Comp. Comp. Comp. Item Unit 64 65 Ex. 19 Ex. 20 Ex. 21 HFO-1132(E) mass % 10.0 20.0 30.0 40.0 50.0 HFO-1123 mass % 50.0 40.0 30.0 20.0 10.0 R1234yf mass % 40.0 40.0 40.0 40.0 40.0 GWP — 2 2 2 2 2 COP ratio % (relative 95.9 96.6 97.4 98.3 99.2 to 410A) Refrigerating % (relative 85.8 85.4 84.7 83.6 82.4 capacity ratio to 410A) Condensation ° C. 5.05 4.85 4.55 4.10 3.50 glide Discharge % (relative 93.5 92.1 90.3 88.1 85.6 pressure to 410A) RCL g/m³ 67.8 59.5 53.0 47.8 43.5

TABLE 14 Example Example Example Example Example Example Example Example Item Unit 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 HFO-1132(E) mass % 54.0 56.0 58.0 62.0 52.0 54.0 56.0 58.0 HFO-1123 mass % 41.0 39.0 37.0 33.0 41.0 39.0 37.0 35.0 R1234yf mass % 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 7.0 7.0 7.0 7.0 GWP — 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 COP ratio % (relative 95.1 95.3 95.6 96.0 95.1 95.4 95.6 95.8 to 410A) Refrigerating % (relative 102.8 102.6 102.3 101.8 101.9 101.7 101.5 101.2 capacity ratio to 410A) Condensation ° C. 0.78 0.79 0.80 0.81 0.93 0.94 0.95 0.95 glide Discharge % (relative 110.5 109.9 109.3 108.1 109.7 109.1 108.5 107.9 pressure to 410A) RCL g/m³ 43.2 42.4 41.7 40.3 43.9 43.1 42.4 41.6

TABLE 15 Example Example Example Example Example Example Example Example Item Unit 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 HFO-1132(E) mass % 60.0 62.0 61.0 58.0 60.0 62.0 52.0 54.0 HFO-1123 mass % 33.0 31.0 29.0 30.0 28.0 26.0 34.0 32.0 R1234yf mass % 7.0 7.0 10.0 12.0 12.0 12.0 14.0 14.0 GWP — 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 COP ratio % (relative 96.0 96.2 96.5 96.4 96.6 96.8 96.0 96.2 to 410A) Refrigerating % (relative 100.9 100.7 99.1 98.4 98.1 97.8 98.0 97.7 capacity ratio to 410A) Condensation ° C. 0.95 0.95 1.18 1.34 1.33 1.32 1.53 1.53 glide Discharge % (relative 107.3 106.7 104.9 104.4 103.8 103.2 104.7 104.1 pressure to 410A) RCL g/m³ 40.9 40.3 40.5 41.5 40.8 40.1 43.6 42.9

TABLE 16 Example Example Example Example Example Example Example Example Item Unit 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 HFO-1132(E) mass % 56.0 58.0 60.0 48.0 50.0 52.0 54.0 56.0 HFO-1123 mass % 30.0 28.0 26.0 36.0 34.0 32.0 30.0 28.0 R1234yf mass % 14.0 14.0 14.0 16.0 16.0 16.0 16.0 16.0 GWP — 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 COP ratio % (relative 96.4 96.6 96.9 95.8 96.0 96.2 96.4 96.7 to 410A) Refrigerating % (relative 97.5 97.2 96.9 97.3 97.1 96.8 96.6 96.3 capacity ratio to 410A) Condensation ° C. 1.51 1.50 1.48 1.72 1.72 1.71 1.69 1.67 glide Discharge % (relative 103.5 102.9 102.3 104.3 103.8 103.2 102.7 102.1 pressure to 410A) RCL g/m³ 42.1 41.4 40.7 45.2 44.4 43.6 42.8 42.1

TABLE 17 Example Example Example Example Example Example Example Example Item Unit 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 HFO-1132(E) mass % 58.0 60.0 42.0 44.0 46.0 48.0 50.0 52.0 HFO-1123 mass % 26.0 24.0 40.0 38.0 36.0 34.0 32.0 30.0 R1234yf mass % 16.0 16.0 18.0 18.0 18.0 18.0 18.0 18.0 GWP — 1 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 COP ratio % (relative 96.9 97.1 95.4 95.6 95.8 96.0 96.3 96.5 to 410A) Refrigerating % (relative 96.1 95.8 96.8 96.6 96.4 96.2 95.9 95.7 capacity ratio to 410A) Condensation ° C. 1.65 1.63 1.93 1.92 1.92 1.91 1.89 1.88 glide Discharge % (relative 101.5 100.9 104.5 103.9 103.4 102.9 102.3 101.8 pressure to 410A) RCL g/m³ 41.4 40.7 47.8 46.9 46.0 45.1 44.3 43.5

TABLE 18 Example Example Example Example Example Example Example Example Item Unit 98 99 100 101 102 103 104 105 HFO-1132(E) mass % 54.0 56.0 58.0 60.0 36.0 38.0 42.0 44.0 HFO-1123 mass % 28.0 26.0 24.0 22.0 44.0 42.0 38.0 36.0 R1234yf mass % 18.0 18.0 18.0 18.0 20.0 20.0 20.0 20.0 GWP — 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 COP ratio % (relative 96.7 96.9 97.1 97.3 95.1 95.3 95.7 95.9 to 410A) Refrigerating % (relative 95.4 95.2 94.9 94.6 96.3 96.1 95.7 95.4 capacity ratio to 410A) Condensation ° C. 1.86 1.83 1.80 1.77 2.14 2.14 2.13 2.12 glide Discharge % (relative 101.2 100.6 100.0 99.5 104.5 104.0 103.0 102.5 pressure to 410A) RCL g/m³ 42.7 42.0 41.3 40.6 50.7 49.7 47.7 46.8

TABLE 19 Example Example Example Example Example Example Example Example Item Unit 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 113 HFO-1132(E) mass % 46.0 48.0 52.0 54.0 56.0 58.0 34.0 36.0 HFO-1123 mass % 34.0 32.0 28.0 26.0 24.0 22.0 44.0 42.0 R1234yf mass % 20.0 20.0 20.0 20.0 20.0 20.0 22.0 22.0 GWP — 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 COP ratio % (relative 96.1 96.3 96.7 96.9 97.2 97.4 95.1 95.3 to 410A) Refrigerating % (relative 95.2 95.0 94.5 94.2 94.0 93.7 95.3 95.1 capacity ratio to 410A) Condensation ° C. 2.11 2.09 2.05 2.02 1.99 1.95 2.37 2.36 glide Discharge % (relative 101.9 101.4 100.3 99.7 99.2 98.6 103.4 103.0 pressure to 410A) RCL g/m³ 45.9 45.0 43.4 42.7 41.9 41.2 51.7 50.6

TABLE 20 Example Example Example Example Example Example Example Example Item Unit 114 115 116 117 118 119 120 121 HFO-1132(E) mass % 38.0 40.0 42.0 44.0 46.0 48.0 50.0 52.0 HFO-1123 mass % 40.0 38.0 36.0 34.0 32.0 30.0 28.0 26.0 R1234yf mass % 22.0 22.0 22.0 22.0 22.0 22.0 22.0 22.0 GWP — 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 COP ratio % (relative 95.5 95.7 95.9 96.1 96.4 96.6 96.8 97.0 to 410A) Refrigerating % (relative 94.9 94.7 94.5 94.3 94.0 93.8 93.6 93.3 capacity ratio to 410A) Condensation ° C. 2.36 2.35 2.33 2.32 2.30 2.27 2.25 2.21 glide Discharge % (relative 102.5 102.0 101.5 101.0 100.4 99.9 99.4 98.8 pressure to 410A) RCL g/m³ 49.6 48.6 47.6 46.7 45.8 45.0 44.1 43.4

TABLE 21 Example Example Example Example Example Example Example Example Item Unit 122 123 124 125 126 127 128 129 HFO-1132(E) mass % 54.0 56.0 58.0 60.0 32.0 34.0 36.0 38.0 HFO-1123 mass % 24.0 22.0 20.0 18.0 44.0 42.0 40.0 38.0 R1234yf mass % 22.0 22.0 22.0 22.0 24.0 24.0 24.0 24.0 GWP — 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 COP ratio % (relative 97.2 97.4 97.6 97.9 95.2 95.4 95.6 95.8 to 410A) Refrigerating % (relative 93.0 92.8 92.5 92.2 94.3 94.1 93.9 93.7 capacity ratio to 410A) Condensation ° C. 2.18 2.14 2.09 2.04 2.61 2.60 2.59 2.58 glide Discharge % (relative 98.2 97.7 97.1 96.5 102.4 101.9 101.5 101.0 pressure to 410A) RCL g/m³ 42.6 41.9 41.2 40.5 52.7 51.6 50.5 49.5

TABLE 22 Example Example Example Example Example Example Example Example Item Unit 130 131 132 133 134 135 136 137 HFO-1132(E) mass % 40.0 42.0 44.0 46.0 48.0 50.0 52.0 54.0 HFO-1123 mass % 36.0 34.0 32.0 30.0 28.0 26.0 24.0 22.0 R1234yf mass % 24.0 24.0 24.0 24.0 24.0 24.0 24.0 24.0 GWP — 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 COP ratio % (relative 96.0 96.2 96.4 96.6 96.8 97.0 97.2 97.5 to 410A) Refrigerating % (relative 93.5 93.3 93.1 92.8 92.6 92.4 92.1 91.8 capacity ratio to 410A) Condensation ° C. 2.56 2.54 2.51 2.49 2.45 2.42 2.38 2.33 glide Discharge % (relative 100.5 100.0 99.5 98.9 98.4 97.9 97.3 96.8 pressure to 410A) RCL g/m³ 48.5 47.5 46.6 45.7 44.9 44.1 43.3 42.5

TABLE 23 Example Example Example Example Example Example Example Example Item Unit 138 139 140 141 142 143 144 145 HFO-1132(E) mass % 56.0 58.0 60.0 30.0 32.0 34.0 36.0 38.0 HFO-1123 mass % 20.0 18.0 16.0 44.0 42.0 40.0 38.0 36.0 R1234yf mass % 24.0 24.0 24.0 26.0 26.0 26.0 26.0 26.0 GWP — 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 COP ratio % (relative 97.7 97.9 98.1 95.3 95.5 95.7 95.9 96.1 to 410A) Refrigerating % (relative 91.6 91.3 91.0 93.2 93.1 92.9 92.7 92.5 capacity ratio to 410A) Condensation ° C. 2.28 2.22 2.16 2.86 2.85 2.83 2.81 2.79 glide Discharge % (relative 96.2 95.6 95.1 101.3 100.8 100.4 99.9 99.4 pressure to 410A) RCL g/m³ 41.8 41.1 40.4 53.7 52.6 51.5 50.4 49.4

TABLE 24 Example Example Example Example Example Example Example Example Item Unit 146 147 148 149 150 151 152 153 HFO-1132(E) mass % 40.0 42.0 44.0 46.0 48.0 50.0 52.0 54.0 HFO-1123 mass % 34.0 32.0 30.0 28.0 26.0 24.0 22.0 20.0 R1234yf mass % 26.0 26.0 26.0 26.0 26.0 26.0 26.0 26.0 GWP — 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 COP ratio % (relative 96.3 96.5 96.7 96.9 97.1 97.3 97.5 97.7 to 410A) Refrigerating % (relative 92.3 92.1 91.9 91.6 91.4 91.2 90.9 90.6 capacity ratio to 410A) Condensation ° C. 2.77 2.74 2.71 2.67 2.63 2.59 2.53 2.48 glide Discharge % (relative 99.0 98.5 97.9 97.4 96.9 96.4 95.8 95.3 pressure to 410A) RCL g/m³ 48.4 47.4 46.5 45.7 44.8 44.0 43.2 42.5

TABLE 25 Example Example Example Example Example Example Example Example Item Unit 154 155 156 157 158 159 160 161 HFO-1132(E) mass % 56.0 58.0 60.0 30.0 32.0 34.0 36.0 38.0 HFO-1123 mass % 18.0 16.0 14.0 42.0 40.0 38.0 36.0 34.0 R1234yf mass % 26.0 26.0 26.0 28.0 28.0 28.0 28.0 28.0 GWP — 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 COP ratio % (relative 97.9 98.2 98.4 95.6 95.8 96.0 96.2 96.3 to 410A) Refrigerating % (relative 90.3 90.1 89.8 92.1 91.9 91.7 91.5 91.3 capacity ratio to 410A) Condensation ° C. 2.42 2.35 2.27 3.10 3.09 3.06 3.04 3.01 glide Discharge % (relative 94.7 94.1 93.6 99.7 99.3 98.8 98.4 97.9 pressure to 410A) RCL g/m³ 41.7 41.0 40.3 53.6 52.5 51.4 50.3 49.3

TABLE 26 Example Example Example Example Example Example Example Example Item Unit 162 163 164 165 166 167 168 169 HFO-1132(E) mass % 40.0 42.0 44.0 46.0 48.0 50.0 52.0 54.0 HFO-1123 mass % 32.0 30.0 28.0 26.0 24.0 22.0 20.0 18.0 R1234yf mass % 28.0 28.0 28.0 28.0 28.0 28.0 28.0 28.0 GWP — 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 COP ratio % (relative 96.5 96.7 96.9 97.2 97.4 97.6 97.8 98.0 to 410A) Refrigerating % (relative 91.1 90.9 90.7 90.4 90.2 89.9 89.7 89.4 capacity ratio to 410A) Condensation ° C. 2.98 2.94 2.90 2.85 2.80 2.75 2.68 2.62 glide Discharge % (relative 97.4 96.9 96.4 95.9 95.4 94.9 94.3 93.8 pressure to 410A) RCL g/m³ 48.3 47.4 46.4 45.6 44.7 43.9 43.1 42.4

TABLE 27 Example Example Example Example Example Example Example Example Item Unit 170 171 172 173 174 175 176 177 HFO-1132(E) mass % 56.0 58.0 60.0 32.0 34.0 36.0 38.0 42.0 HFO-1123 mass % 16.0 14.0 12.0 38.0 36.0 34.0 32.0 28.0 R1234yf mass % 28.0 28.0 28.0 30.0 30.0 30.0 30.0 30.0 GWP — 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 COP ratio % (relative 98.2 98.4 98.6 96.1 96.2 96.4 96.6 97.0 to 410A) Refrigerating % (relative 89.1 88.8 88.5 90.7 90.5 90.3 90.1 89.7 capacity ratio to 410A) Condensation ° C. 2.54 2.46 2.38 3.32 3.30 3.26 3.22 3.14 glide Discharge % (relative 93.2 92.6 92.1 97.7 97.3 96.8 96.4 95.4 pressure to 410A) RCL g/m³ 41.7 41.0 40.3 52.4 51.3 50.2 49.2 47.3

TABLE 28 Example Example Example Example Example Example Example Example Item Unit 178 179 180 181 182 183 184 185 HFO-1132(E) mass % 44.0 46.0 48.0 50.0 52.0 54.0 56.0 58.0 HFO-1123 mass % 26.0 24.0 22.0 20.0 18.0 16.0 14.0 12.0 R1234yf mass % 30.0 30.0 30.0 30.0 30.0 30.0 30.0 30.0 GWP — 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 COP ratio % (relative 97.2 97.4 97.6 97.8 98.0 98.3 98.5 98.7 to 410A) Refrigerating % (relative 89.4 89.2 89.0 88.7 88.4 88.2 87.9 87.6 capacity ratio to 410A) Condensation ° C. 3.08 3.03 2.97 2.90 2.83 2.75 2.66 2.57 glide Discharge % (relative 94.9 94.4 93.9 93.3 92.8 92.3 91.7 91.1 pressure to 410A) RCL g/m³ 46.4 45.5 44.7 43.9 43.1 42.3 41.6 40.9

TABLE 29 Example Example Example Example Example Example Example Example Item Unit 186 187 188 189 190 191 192 193 HFO-1132(E) mass % 30.0 32.0 34.0 36.0 38.0 40.0 42.0 44.0 HFO-1123 mass % 38.0 36.0 34.0 32.0 30.0 28.0 26.0 24.0 R1234yf mass % 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 GWP — 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 COP ratio % (relative 96.2 96.3 96.5 96.7 96.9 97.1 97.3 97.5 to 410A) Refrigerating % (relative 89.6 89.5 89.3 89.1 88.9 88.7 88.4 88.2 capacity ratio to 410A) Condensation ° C. 3.60 3.56 3.52 3.48 3.43 3.38 3.33 3.26 glide Discharge % (relative 96.6 96.2 95.7 95.3 94.8 94.3 93.9 93.4 pressure to 410A) RCL g/m³ 53.4 52.3 51.2 50.1 49.1 48.1 47.2 46.3

TABLE 30 Example Example Example Example Example Example Example Example Item Unit 194 195 196 197 198 199 200 201 HFO-1132(E) mass % 46.0 48.0 50.0 52.0 54.0 56.0 58.0 60.0 HFO-1123 mass % 22.0 20.0 18.0 16.0 14.0 12.0 10.0 8.0 R1234yf mass % 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 GWP — 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 COP ratio % (relative 97.7 97.9 98.1 98.3 98.5 98.7 98.9 99.2 to 410A) Refrigerating % (relative 88.0 87.7 87.5 87.2 86.9 86.6 86.3 86.0 capacity ratio to 410A) Condensation ° C. 3.20 3.12 3.04 2.96 2.87 2.77 2.66 2.55 glide Discharge % (relative 92.8 92.3 91.8 91.3 90.7 90.2 89.6 89.1 pressure to 410A) RCL g/m³ 45.4 44.6 43.8 43.0 42.3 41.5 40.8 40.2

TABLE 31 Example Example Example Example Example Example Example Example Item Unit 202 203 204 205 206 207 208 209 HFO-1132(E) mass % 30.0 32.0 34.0 36.0 38.0 40.0 42.0 44.0 HFO-1123 mass % 36.0 34.0 32.0 30.0 28.0 26.0 24.0 22.0 R1234yf mass % 34.0 34.0 34.0 34.0 34.0 34.0 34.0 34.0 GWP — 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 COP ratio % (relative 96.5 96.6 96.8 97.0 97.2 97.4 97.6 97.8 to 410A) Refrigerating % (relative 88.4 88.2 88.0 87.8 87.6 87.4 87.2 87.0 capacity ratio to 410A) Condensation ° C. 3.84 3.80 3.75 3.70 3.64 3.58 3.51 3.43 glide Discharge % (relative 95.0 94.6 94.2 93.7 93.3 92.8 92.3 91.8 pressure to 410A) RCL g/m³ 53.3 52.2 51.1 50.0 49.0 48.0 47.1 46.2

TABLE 32 Example Example Example Example Example Example Example Example Item Unit 210 211 212 213 214 215 216 217 HFO-1132(E) mass % 46.0 48.0 50.0 52.0 54.0 30.0 32.0 34.0 HFO-1123 mass % 20.0 18.0 16.0 14.0 12.0 34.0 32.0 30.0 R1234yf mass % 34.0 34.0 34.0 34.0 34.0 36.0 36.0 36.0 GWP — 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 COP ratio % (relative 98.0 98.2 98.4 98.6 98.8 96.8 96.9 97.1 to 410A) Refrigerating % (relative 86.7 86.5 86.2 85.9 85.6 87.2 87.0 86.8 capacity ratio to 410A) Condensation ° C. 3.36 3.27 3.18 3.08 2.97 4.08 4.03 3.97 glide Discharge % (relative 91.3 90.8 90.3 89.7 89.2 93.4 93.0 92.6 pressure to 410A) RCL g/m³ 45.3 44.5 43.7 42.9 42.2 53.2 52.1 51.0

TABLE 33 Example Example Example Example Example Example Example Example Item Unit 218 219 220 221 222 223 224 225 HFO-1132(E) mass % 36.0 38.0 40.0 42.0 44.0 46.0 30.0 32.0 HFO-1123 mass % 28.0 26.0 24.0 22.0 20.0 18.0 32.0 30.0 R1234yf mass % 36.0 36.0 36.0 36.0 36.0 36.0 38.0 38.0 GWP — 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 COP ratio % (relative 97.3 97.5 97.7 97.9 98.1 98.3 97.1 97.2 to 410A) Refrigerating % (relative 86.6 86.4 86.2 85.9 85.7 85.5 85.9 85.7 capacity ratio to 410A) Condensation ° C. 3.91 3.84 3.76 3.68 3.60 3.50 4.32 4.25 glide Discharge % (relative 92.1 91.7 91.2 90.7 90.3 89.8 91.9 91.4 pressure to 410A) RCL g/m³ 49.9 48.9 47.9 47.0 46.1 45.3 53.1 52.0

TABLE 34 Item Unit Example 226 Example 227 HFO-1132(E) mass % 34.0 36.0 HFO-1123 mass % 28.0 26.0 R1234yf mass % 38.0 38.0 GWP — 2 2 COP ratio % (relative 97.4 97.6 to 410A) Refrigerating % (relative 85.6 85.3 capacity ratio to 410A) Condensation glide ° C. 4.18 4.11 Discharge pressure % (relative 91.0 90.6 to 410A) RCL g/m³ 50.9 49.8

-   -   These results indicate that under the condition that the mass %         of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R1234yf based on their sum is         respectively represented by x, y, and z, when coordinates         (x,y,z) in a ternary composition diagram in which the sum of         HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R1234yf is 100 mass % are within the         range of a figure surrounded by line segments AA′, A′B, BD, DC′,         C′C, CO, and OA that connect the following 7 points:         point A (68.6, 0.0, 31.4),         point A′(30.6, 30.0, 39.4),         point B (0.0, 58.7, 41.3),         point D (0.0, 80.4, 19.6),         point C′ (19.5, 70.5, 10.0),         point C (32.9, 67.1, 0.0), and         point O (100.0, 0.0, 0.0),         or on the above line segments (excluding the points on the line         segment CO);         the line segment AA′ is represented by coordinates (x,         0.0016x²−0.9473x+57.497, −0.0016x²−0.0527x+42.503),         the line segment A′B is represented by coordinates (x,         0.0029x²−1.0268x+58.7, −0.0029x²+0.0268x+41.3,         the line segment DC′ is represented by coordinates (x,         0.0082x²−0.6671x+80.4, −0.0082x²−0.3329x+19.6),         the line segment C′C is represented by coordinates (x,         0.0067x²−0.6034x+79.729, −0.0067x²−0.3966x+20.271), and         the line segments BD, CO, and OA are straight lines,         the refrigerant has a refrigerating capacity ratio of 85% or         more relative to that of R410A, and a COP of 92.5% or more         relative to that of R410A.     -   The point on the line segment AA′ was determined by obtaining an         approximate curve connecting point A, Example 1, and point A′ by         the least square method.     -   The point on the line segment A′B was determined by obtaining an         approximate curve connecting point A′, Example 3, and point B by         the least square method.     -   The point on the line segment DC′ was determined by obtaining an         approximate curve connecting point D, Example 6, and point C′ by         the least square method.     -   The point on the line segment C′C was determined by obtaining an         approximate curve connecting point C′, Example 4, and point C by         the least square method.     -   Likewise, the results indicate that when coordinates (x,y,z) are         within the range of a figure surrounded by line segments AA′,         A′B, BF, FT, TE, EO, and OA that connect the following 7 points:         point A (68.6, 0.0, 31.4),         point A′ (30.6, 30.0, 39.4),         point B (0.0, 58.7, 41.3),         point F (0.0, 61.8, 38.2),         point T (35.8, 44.9, 19.3),         point E (58.0, 42.0, 0.0) and         point O (100.0, 0.0, 0.0),         or on the above line segments (excluding the points on the line         EO);         the line segment AA′ is represented by coordinates (x,         0.0016x²−0.9473x+57.497, −0.0016x²−0.0527x+42.503),         the line segment A′B is represented by coordinates (x,         0.0029x²−1.0268x+58.7, −0.0029x²+0.0268x+41.3),         the line segment FT is represented by coordinates (x,         0.0078x²−0.7501x+61.8, −0.0078x²−0.2499x+38.2), and         the line segment TE is represented by coordinates (x,         0.0067x²−0.7607x+63.525, −0.0067x² 0.2393x+36.475), and         the line segments BF, FO, and OA are straight lines,         the refrigerant has a refrigerating capacity ratio of 85% or         more relative to that of R410A, and a COP of 95% or more         relative to that of R410A.     -   The point on the line segment FT was determined by obtaining an         approximate curve connecting three points, i.e., points T, E′,         and F, by the least square method.     -   The point on the line segment TE was determined by obtaining an         approximate curve connecting three points, i.e., points E, R,         and T, by the least square method.     -   The results in Tables 1 to 34 clearly indicate that in a ternary         composition diagram of the mixed refrigerant of HFO-1132(E),         HFO-1123, and R1234yf in which the sum of these components is         100 mass %, a line segment connecting a point (0.0, 100.0, 0.0)         and a point (0.0, 0.0, 100.0) is the base, the point (0.0,         100.0, 0.0) is on the left side, and the point (0.0, 0.0, 100.0)         is on the right side, when coordinates (x,y,z) are on or below         the line segment LM connecting point L (63.1, 31.9, 5.0) and         point M (60.3, 6.2, 33.5), the refrigerant has an RCL of 40 g/m³         or more.     -   The results in Tables 1 to 34 clearly indicate that in a ternary         composition diagram of the mixed refrigerant of HFO-1132(E),         HFO-1123 and R1234yf in which their sum is 100 mass %, a line         segment connecting a point (0.0, 100.0, 0.0) and a point (0.0,         0.0, 100.0) is the base, the point (0.0, 100.0, 0.0) is on the         left side, and the point (0.0, 0.0, 100.0) is on the right side,         when coordinates (x,y,z) are on the line segment QR connecting         point Q (62.8, 29.6, 7.6) and point R (49.8, 42.3, 7.9) or on         the left side of the line segment, the refrigerant has a         temperature glide of 1° C. or less.     -   The results in Tables 1 to 34 clearly indicate that in a ternary         composition diagram of the mixed refrigerant of HFO-1132(E),         HFO-1123, and R1234yf in which their sum is 100 mass %, a line         segment connecting a point (0.0, 100.0, 0.0) and a point (0.0,         0.0, 100.0) is the base, the point (0.0, 100.0, 0.0) is on the         left side, and the point (0.0, 0.0, 100.0) is on the right side,         when coordinates (x,y,z) are on the line segment ST connecting         point S (62.6, 28.3, 9.1) and point T (35.8, 44.9, 19.3) or on         the right side of the line segment, the refrigerant has a         discharge pressure of 105% or less relative to that of 410A.     -   In these compositions, R1234yf contributes to reducing         flammability, and suppressing deterioration of polymerization         etc. Therefore, the composition preferably contains R1234yf.     -   Further, the burning velocity of these mixed refrigerants whose         mixed formulations were adjusted to WCF concentrations was         measured according to the ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 34-2013.         Compositions having a burning velocity of 10 cm/s or less were         determined to be classified as “Class 2L (lower flammability).”     -   A burning velocity test was performed using the apparatus shown         in FIG. 1 in the following manner. In FIG. 1, reference numeral         901 refers to a sample cell, 902 refers to a high-speed camera,         903 refers to a xenon lamp, 904 refers to a collimating lens,         905 refers to a collimating lens, and 906 refers to a ring         filter. First, the mixed refrigerants used had a purity of 99.5%         or more, and were degassed by repeating a cycle of freezing,         pumping, and thawing until no traces of air were observed on the         vacuum gauge. The burning velocity was measured by the closed         method. The initial temperature was ambient temperature.         Ignition was performed by generating an electric spark between         the electrodes in the center of a sample cell. The duration of         the discharge was 1.0 to 9.9 ms, and the ignition energy was         typically about 0.1 to 1.0 J. The spread of the flame was         visualized using schlieren photographs. A cylindrical container         (inner diameter: 155 mm, length: 198 mm) equipped with two light         transmission acrylic windows was used as the sample cell, and a         xenon lamp was used as the light source. Schlieren images of the         flame were recorded by a high-speed digital video camera at a         frame rate of 600 fps and stored on a PC.     -   Each WCFF concentration was obtained by using the WCF         concentration as the initial concentration and performing a leak         simulation using NIST Standard Reference Database REFLEAK         Version 4.0.

TABLE 35 Item Unit G H I WCF HFO-1132(E) mass % 72.0 72.0 72.0 HFO-1123 mass % 28.0 9.6 0.0 R1234yf mass % 0.0 18.4 28.0 Burning velocity (WCF) cm/s 10 10 10

TABLE 36 Item Unit J P L N N' K WCF HFO-1132 mass % 47.1 55.8 63.1 68.6 65.0 61.3 (E) HFO-1123 mass % 52.9 42.0 31.9 16.3  7.7  5.4 R1234yf mass %  0.0  2.2  5.0 15.1 27.3 33.3 Leak condition Storage/ Storage/ Storage/ Storage/ Storage/ Storage/ that results in WCFF Shipping Shipping Shipping Shipping Shipping Shipping, −40° C., 92% −40° C., 90% −40° C., 90% −40° C., 66% −40° C., 12% −40° C., 0% release, release, release, release, release, release, liquid liquid gas phase gas phase gas phase gas phase phase side phase side side side side side WCFF HFO-1132 mass % 72.0 72.0 72.0 72.0 72.0 72.0 (E) HFO-1123 mass % 28.0 17.8 17.4 13.6 12.3  9.8 R1234yf mass %  0.0 10.2 10.6 14.4 15.7 18.2 Burning cm/s 8 or less 8 or less 8 or less  9  9 8 or less velocity (WCF) Burning cm/s 10 10 10 10 10 10 velocity (WCFF)

-   -   The results in Table 35 clearly indicate that when a mixed         refrigerant of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R1234yf contains         HFO-1132(E) in a proportion of 72.0 mass % or less based on         their sum, the refrigerant can be determined to have a WCF lower         flammability.     -   The results in Tables 36 clearly indicate that in a ternary         composition diagram of a mixed refrigerant of HFO-1132(E),         HFO-1123, and R1234yf in which their sum is 100 mass %, and a         line segment connecting a point (0.0, 100.0, 0.0) and a point         (0.0, 0.0, 100.0) is the base,         when coordinates (x,y,z) are on or below the line segments JP,         PN, and NK connecting the following 6 points:         point J (47.1, 52.9, 0.0),         point P (55.8, 42.0, 2.2),         point L (63.1, 31.9, 5.0)         point N (68.6, 16.3, 15.1)         point N′(65.0, 7.7, 27.3) and         point K (61.3, 5.4, 33.3),         the refrigerant can be determined to have a WCF lower         flammability, and a WCFF lower flammability.         In the diagram, the line segment PN is represented by         coordinates (x, −0.1135x²+12.112x−280.43,         0.1135x²−13.112x+380.43),         and the line segment NK is represented by coordinates (x,         0.2421x²−29.955x+931.91, −0.2421x²+28.955x−831.91).     -   The point on the line segment PN was determined by obtaining an         approximate curve connecting three points, i.e., points P, L,         and N, by the least square method.     -   The point on the line segment NK was determined by obtaining an         approximate curve connecting three points, i.e., points N, N′,         and K, by the least square method.

(5-2) Refrigerant B

-   -   The refrigerant B according to the present disclosure is     -   a mixed refrigerant comprising trans-1,2-difluoroethylene         (HFO-1132(E)) and trifluoroethylene (HFO-1123) in a total amount         of 99.5 mass % or more based on the entire refrigerant, and the         refrigerant comprising 62.0 mass % to 72.0 mass % or 45.1 mass %         to 47.1 mass % of HFO-1132(E) based on the entire refrigerant,         or     -   a mixed refrigerant comprising HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1123 in a         total amount of 99.5 mass % or more based on the entire         refrigerant, and the refrigerant comprising 45.1 mass % to 47.1         mass % of HFO-1132(E) based on the entire refrigerant.     -   The refrigerant B according to the present disclosure has         various properties that are desirable as an R410A-alternative         refrigerant, i.e., (1) a coefficient of performance equivalent         to that of R410A, (2) a refrigerating capacity equivalent to         that of R410A, (3) a sufficiently low GWP, and (4) a lower         flammability (Class 2L) according to the ASHRAE standard.     -   When the refrigerant B according to the present disclosure is a         mixed refrigerant comprising 72.0 mass % or less of HFO-1132(E),         it has WCF lower flammability. When the refrigerant B according         to the present disclosure is a composition comprising 47.1% or         less of HFO-1132(E), it has WCF lower flammability and WCFF         lower flammability, and is determined to be “Class 2L,” which is         a lower flammable refrigerant according to the ASHRAE standard,         and which is further easier to handle.     -   When the refrigerant B according to the present disclosure         comprises 62.0 mass % or more of HFO-1132(E), it becomes         superior with a coefficient of performance of 95% or more         relative to that of R410A, the polymerization reaction of         HFO-1132(E) and/or HFO-1123 is further suppressed, and the         stability is further improved. When the refrigerant B according         to the present disclosure comprises 45.1 mass % or more of         HFO-1132(E), it becomes superior with a coefficient of         performance of 93% or more relative to that of R410A, the         polymerization reaction of HFO-1132(E) and/or HFO-1123 is         further suppressed, and the stability is further improved.     -   The refrigerant B according to the present disclosure may         further comprise other additional refrigerants in addition to         HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1123, as long as the above properties and         effects are not impaired. In this respect, the refrigerant         according to the present disclosure preferably comprises         HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1123 in a total amount of 99.75 mass % or         more, and more preferably 99.9 mass % or more, based on the         entire refrigerant.     -   Such additional refrigerants are not limited, and can be         selected from a wide range of refrigerants. The mixed         refrigerant may comprise a single additional refrigerant, or two         or more additional refrigerants.

(Examples of Refrigerant B)

-   -   The present disclosure is described in more detail below with         reference to Examples of refrigerant B. However, the refrigerant         B is not limited to the Examples.     -   Mixed refrigerants were prepared by mixing HFO-1132(E) and         HFO-1123 at mass % based on their sum shown in Tables 37 and 38.     -   The GWP of compositions each comprising a mixture of R410A         (R32=50%/R125=50%) was evaluated based on the values stated in         the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), fourth         report. The GWP of HFO-1132(E), which was not stated therein,         was assumed to be 1 from HFO-1132a (GWP=1 or less) and HFO-1123         (GWP=0.3, described in WO2015/141678). The refrigerating         capacity of compositions each comprising R410A and a mixture of         HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1123 was determined by performing         theoretical refrigeration cycle calculations for the mixed         refrigerants using the National Institute of Science and         Technology (NIST) and Reference Fluid Thermodynamic and         Transport Properties Database (Refprop 9.0) under the following         conditions.         Evaporating temperature: 5° C.         Condensation temperature: 45° C.         Superheating temperature: 5 K         Subcooling temperature: 5 K         Compressor efficiency: 70%     -   The composition of each mixture was defined as WCF. A leak         simulation was performed using NIST Standard Reference Data Base         Refleak Version 4.0 under the conditions of Equipment, Storage,         Shipping, Leak, and Recharge according to the ASHRAE Standard         34-2013. The most flammable fraction was defined as WCFF.     -   Tables 1 and 2 show GWP, COP, and refrigerating capacity, which         were calculated based on these results. The COP and         refrigerating capacity are ratios relative to R410A.     -   The coefficient of performance (COP) was determined by the         following formula.

COP=(refrigerating capacity or heating capacity)/power consumption

-   -   For the flammability, the burning velocity was measured         according to the ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 34-2013. Both WCF and WCFF         having a burning velocity of 10 cm/s or less were determined to         be “Class 2L (lower flammability).”     -   A burning velocity test was performed using the apparatus shown         in FIG. 1 in the following manner. First, the mixed refrigerants         used had a purity of 99.5% or more, and were degassed by         repeating a cycle of freezing, pumping, and thawing until no         traces of air were observed on the vacuum gauge. The burning         velocity was measured by the closed method. The initial         temperature was ambient temperature. Ignition was performed by         generating an electric spark between the electrodes in the         center of a sample cell. The duration of the discharge was 1.0         to 9.9 ms, and the ignition energy was typically about 0.1 to         1.0 J. The spread of the flame was visualized using schlieren         photographs. A cylindrical container (inner diameter: 155 mm,         length: 198 mm) equipped with two light transmission acrylic         windows was used as the sample cell, and a xenon lamp was used         as the light source. Schlieren images of the flame were recorded         by a high-speed digital video camera at a frame rate of 600 fps         and stored on a PC.

TABLE 37 Comparative Comparative Example 2 Comparative Example 1 HFO- Comparative Example Example Example Example Example Example Item Unit R410A 1132E Example 3 1 2 3 4 5 4 HFO-1132E mass % — 100 80 72 70 68 65 62 60 (WCF) HFO-1123 mass % 0 20 28 30 32 35 38 40 (WCF) GWP — 2088 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 COP ratio % 100 99.7 97.5 96.6 96.3 96.1 95.8 95.4 95.2 (relative to R410A) Refrigerating % 100 98.3 101.9 103.1 103.4 103.8 104.1 104.5 104.8 capacity (relative ratio to R410A) Discharge Mpa 2.73 2.71 2.89 2.96 2.98 3.00 3.02 3.04 3.06 pressure Burning cm/sec Non- 20 13 10 9 9 8 8 or 8 or less velocity flammable less (WCF)

TABLE 38 Comparative Comparative Comparative Comparative Comparative Comparative Example Example Example Example Example Example 10 Item Unit 5 6 Example 7 Example 8 Example 9 7 8 9 HFO-1123 HFO-1132E mass % 50 48 47.1 46.1 45.1 43 40 25 0 (WCF) HFO-1123 mass % 50 52 52.9 53.9 54.9 57 60 75 100 (WCF) GWP — 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 COP ratio % 94.1 93.9 93.8 93.7 93.6 93.4 93.1 91.9 90.6 (relative to R410A) Refrigerating % 105.9 106.1 106.2 106.3 106.4 106.6 106.9 107.9 108.0 capacity (relative ratio to R410A) Discharge Mpa 3.14 3.16 3.16 3.17 3.18 3.20 3.21 3.31 3.39 pressure Leakage test Storage/ Storage/ Storage/ Storage/ Storage/ Storage/ Storage/ Storage/ — conditions (WCFF) Shipping Shipping Shipping Shipping Shipping Shipping Shipping Shipping −40° C., −40° C., −40° C., −40° C., −40° C., −40° C., −40° C., −40° C., 92% 92% 92% 92% 92% 92% 92% 90% release, release, release, release, release, release, release, release, liquid liquid liquid liquid liquid liquid liquid liquid phase phase phase phase phase phase phase phase side side side side side HFO-1132E mass % 74 73 72 71 70 67 63 38 — (WCFF) HFO-1123 mass % 26 27 28 29 30 33 37 62 (WCFF) Burning cm/sec 8 or less 8 or less 8 or 8 or 8 or 8 or less 8 or less 8 or less 5 velocity less less less (WCF) Burning cm/sec 11 10.5 10.0 9.5 9.5 8.5 8 or less 8 or less velocity (WCFF) ASHRAE flammability 2 2 2L 2L 2L 2L 2L 2L 2L classification

The compositions each comprising 62.0 mass % to 72.0 mass % of HFO-1132(E) based on the entire composition are stable while having a low GWP (GWP=1), and they ensure WCF lower flammability. Further, surprisingly, they can ensure performance equivalent to that of R410A. Moreover, compositions each comprising 45.1 mass % to 47.1 mass % of HFO-1132(E) based on the entire composition are stable while having a low GWP (GWP=1), and they ensure WCFF lower flammability. Further, surprisingly, they can ensure performance equivalent to that of R410A.

(5-3) Refrigerant C

-   -   The refrigerant C according to the present disclosure is a         composition comprising trans-1,2-difluoroethylene (HFO-1132(E)),         trifluoroethylene (HFO-1123), 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoro-1-propene         (R1234yf), and difluoromethane (R32), and satisfies the         following requirements. The refrigerant C according to the         present disclosure has various properties that are desirable as         an alternative refrigerant for R410A; i.e. it has a coefficient         of performance and a refrigerating capacity that are equivalent         to those of R410A, and a sufficiently low GWP.

Requirements

-   -   Preferable refrigerant C is as follows:     -   When the mass % of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, R1234yf, and R32 based         on their sum is respectively represented by x, y, z, and a,     -   if 0<a≤11.1, coordinates (x,y,z) in a ternary composition         diagram in which the sum of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R1234yf         is (100−a) mass % are within the range of a figure surrounded by         straight lines GI, IA, AB, BD′, D′C, and CG that connect the         following 6 points:         point G (0.026a²−1.7478a+72.0, −0.026a²+0.7478a+28.0, 0.0),         point I (0.026a²−1.7478a+72.0, 0.0, −0.026a²+0.7478a+28.0),         point A (0.0134a²−1.9681a+68.6, 0.0, −0.0134a²+0.9681a+31.4),         point B (0.0, 0.0144a²−1.6377a+58.7, −0.0144a²+0.6377a+41.3),         point D′(0.0, 0.0224a²+0.968a+75.4, −0.0224a²−1.968a+24.6), and         point C (−0.2304a²−0.4062a+32.9, 0.2304a²−0.5938a+67.1, 0.0),         or on the straight lines GI, AB, and D′C (excluding point G,         point I, point A, point B, point D′, and point C);     -   if 11.1<a≤18.2, coordinates (x,y,z) in the ternary composition         diagram are within the range of a figure surrounded by straight         lines GI, IA, AB, BW, and WG that connect the following 5         points:         point G (0.02a²−1.6013a+71.105, −0.02a²+0.6013a+28.895, 0.0),         point I (0.02a²−1.6013a+71.105, 0.0, −0.02a²+0.6013a+28.895),         point A (0.0112a²−1.9337a+68.484, 0.0,         −0.0112a²+0.9337a+31.516),         point B (0.0, 0.0075a²−1.5156a+58.199, −0.0075a²+0.5156a+41.801)         and         point W (0.0, 100.0−a, 0.0),         or on the straight lines GI and AB (excluding point G, point I,         point A, point B, and point W);     -   if 18.2<a≤26.7, coordinates (x,y,z) in the ternary composition         diagram are within the range of a figure surrounded by straight         lines GI, IA AB, BW, and WG that connect the following 5 points:         point G (0.0135a²−1.4068a+69.727, −0.0135a²+0.4068a+30.273,         0.0),         point I (0.0135a²−1.4068a+69.727, 0.0,         −0.0135a²+0.4068a+30.273),         point A (0.0107a²−1.9142a+68.305, 0.0,         −0.0107a²+0.9142a+31.695),         point B (0.0, 0.009a²−1.6045a+59.318, −0.009a²+0.6045a+40.682)         and         point W (0.0, 100.0−a, 0.0),         or on the straight lines GI and AB (excluding point G, point I,         point A, point B, and point W);     -   if 26.7<a≤36.7, coordinates (x,y,z) in the ternary composition         diagram are within the range of a figure surrounded by straight         lines GI, IA, AB, BW, and WG that connect the following 5         points:         point G (0.0111a²−1.3152a+68.986, −0.0111a²+0.3152a+31.014,         0.0),         point I (0.0111a²−1.3152a+68.986, 0.0,         −0.0111a²+0.3152a+31.014),         point A (0.0103a²−1.9225a+68.793, 0.0,         −0.0103a²+0.9225a+31.207),         point B (0.0, 0.0046a²−1.41a+57.286, −0.0046a²+0.41a+42.714) and         point W (0.0, 100.0−a, 0.0),         or on the straight lines GI and AB (excluding point G, point I,         point A, point B, and point W); and     -   if 36.7<a≤46.7, coordinates (x,y,z) in the ternary composition         diagram are within the range of a figure surrounded by straight         lines GI, IA, AB, BW, and WG that connect the following 5         points:         point G (0.0061a²−0.9918a+63.902, −0.0061a²−0.0082a+36.098,         0.0),         point I (0.0061a²−0.9918a+63.902, 0.0,         −0.0061a²−0.0082a+36.098),         point A (0.0085a²−1.8102a+67.1, 0.0, −0.0085a²+0.8102a+32.9),         point B (0.0, 0.0012a²−1.1659a+52.95, −0.0012a²+0.1659a+47.05)         and         point W (0.0, 100.0−a, 0.0),         or on the straight lines GI and AB (excluding point G, point I,         point A, point B, and point W). When the refrigerant according         to the present disclosure satisfies the above requirements, it         has a refrigerating capacity ratio of 85% or more relative to         that of R410A, and a COP ratio of 92.5% or more relative to that         of R410A, and further ensures a WCF lower flammability.

The refrigerant C according to the present disclosure is preferably a refrigerant wherein

-   -   when the mass % of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R1234yf based on         their sum is respectively represented by x, y, and z,     -   if 0<a≤11.1, coordinates (x,y,z) in a ternary composition         diagram in which the sum of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R1234yf         is (100−a) mass % are within the range of a figure surrounded by         straight lines JK′, K′B, BD′, D′C, and CJ that connect the         following 5 points:         point J (0.0049a²−0.9645a+47.1, −0.0049a²−0.0355a+52.9, 0.0),         point K′ (0.0514a²−2.4353a+61.7, −0.0323a²+0.4122a+5.9,         −0.0191a²+1.0231a+32.4),         point B (0.0, 0.0144a²−1.6377a+58.7, −0.0144a²+0.6377a+41.3),         point D′(0.0, 0.0224a²+0.968a+75.4, −0.0224a²−1.968a+24.6), and         point C (−0.2304a²−0.4062a+32.9, 0.2304a²−0.5938a+67.1, 0.0),         or on the straight lines JK′, K′B, and D′C (excluding point J,         point B, point D′, and point C);     -   if 11.1<a≤18.2, coordinates (x,y,z) in the ternary composition         diagram are within the range of a figure surrounded by straight         lines JK′, K′B, BW, and WJ that connect the following 4 points:         point J (0.0243a²−1.4161a+49.725, −0.0243a²+0.4161a+50.275,         0.0),         point K′ (0.0341a−2.1977a+61.187, −0.0236a²+0.34a+5.636,         −0.0105a²+0.8577a+33.177),         point B (0.0, 0.0075a²−1.5156a+58.199, −0.0075a²+0.5156a+41.801)         and         point W (0.0, 100.0−a, 0.0),         or on the straight lines JK′ and K′B (excluding point J, point         B, and point W);     -   if 18.2<a≤26.7, coordinates (x,y,z) in the ternary composition         diagram are within the range of a figure surrounded by straight         lines JK′, K′B, BW, and WJ that connect the following 4 points:         point J (0.0246a²−1.4476a+50.184, −0.0246a²+0.4476a+49.816,         0.0),         point K′ (0.0196a²−1.7863a+58.515, −0.0079a²−0.1136a+8.702,         −0.0117a²+0.8999a+32.783),         point B (0.0, 0.009a²−1.6045a+59.318, −0.009a²+0.6045a+40.682)         and         point W (0.0, 100.0−a, 0.0),         or on the straight lines JK′ and K′B (excluding point J, point         B, and point W);     -   if 26.7<a≤36.7, coordinates (x,y,z) in the ternary composition         diagram are within the range of a figure surrounded by straight         lines JK′, K′A, AB, BW, and WJ that connect the following 5         points:         point J (0.0183a²−1.1399a+46.493, −0.0183a²+0.1399a+53.507,         0.0),         point K′ (−0.0051a²+0.0929a+25.95, 0.0, 0.0051a²−1.0929a+74.05),         point A (0.0103a²−1.9225a+68.793, 0.0,         −0.0103a²+0.9225a+31.207),         point B (0.0, 0.0046a²−1.41a+57.286, −0.0046a²+0.41a+42.714) and         point W (0.0, 100.0−a, 0.0),         or on the straight lines JK′, K′A, and AB (excluding point J,         point B, and point W); and     -   if 36.7<a≤46.7, coordinates (x,y,z) in the ternary composition         diagram are within the range of a figure surrounded by straight         lines JK′, K′A, AB, BW, and WJ that connect the following 5         points:         point J (−0.0134a²+1.0956a+7.13, 0.0134a²−2.0956a+92.87, 0.0),         point K′(−1.892a+29.443, 0.0, 0.892a+70.557),         point A (0.0085a²−1.8102a+67.1, 0.0, −0.0085a²+0.8102a+32.9),         point B (0.0, 0.0012a²−1.1659a+52.95, −0.0012a²+0.1659a+47.05)         and         point W (0.0, 100.0−a, 0.0),         or on the straight lines JK′, K′A, and AB (excluding point J,         point B, and point W). When the refrigerant according to the         present disclosure satisfies the above requirements, it has a         refrigerating capacity ratio of 85% or more relative to that of         R410A, and a COP ratio of 92.5% or more relative to that of         R410A. Additionally, the refrigerant has a WCF lower         flammability and a WCFF lower flammability, and is classified as         “Class 2L,” which is a lower flammable refrigerant according to         the ASHRAE standard.     -   When the refrigerant C according to the present disclosure         further contains R32 in addition to HFO-1132 (E), HFO-1123, and         R1234yf, the refrigerant may be a refrigerant wherein when the         mass % of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, R1234yf, and R32 based on their         sum is respectively represented by x, y, z, and a,     -   if 0<a≤10.0, coordinates (x,y,z) in a ternary composition         diagram in which the sum of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R1234yf         is (100−a) mass % are within the range of a figure surrounded by         straight lines that connect the following 4 points:         point a (0.02a²−2.46a+93.4, 0, −0.02a²+2.46a+6.6),         point b′(−0.008a²−1.38a+56, 0.018a²−0.53a+26.3,         −0.01a²+1.91a+17.7),         point c (−0.016a²+1.02a+77.6, 0.016a²−1.02a+22.4, 0), and         point o (100.0−a, 0.0, 0.0)         or on the straight lines oa, ab′, and b′c (excluding point o and         point c);     -   if 10.0<a≤16.5, coordinates (x,y,z) in the ternary composition         diagram are within the range of a figure surrounded by straight         lines that connect the following 4 points:         point a (0.0244a²−2.5695a+94.056, 0, −0.0244a²+2.5695a+5.944),         point b′ (0.1161a²−1.9959a+59.749, 0.014a²−0.3399a+24.8,         −0.1301a²+2.3358a+15.451),         point c (−0.0161a²+1.02a+77.6, 0.0161a²−1.02a+22.4, 0), and         point o (100.0−a, 0.0, 0.0),         or on the straight lines oa, ab′, and b′c (excluding point o and         point c); or     -   if 16.5<a≤21.8, coordinates (x,y,z) in the ternary composition         diagram are within the range of a figure surrounded by straight         lines that connect the following 4 points:         point a (0.0161a²−2.3535a+92.742, 0, −0.0161a²+2.3535a+7.258),         point b′(−0.0435a²−0.0435a+50.406, 0.0304a²+1.8991a−0.0661,         0.0739a²−1.8556a+49.6601),         point c (−0.0161a²+0.9959a+77.851, 0.0161a²−0.9959a+22.149, 0),         and         point o (100.0−a, 0.0, 0.0),         or on the straight lines oa, ab′, and b′c (excluding point o and         point c). Note that when point b in the ternary composition         diagram is defined as a point where a refrigerating capacity         ratio of 95% relative to that of R410A and a COP ratio of 95%         relative to that of R410A are both achieved, point b′ is the         intersection of straight line ab and an approximate line formed         by connecting the points where the COP ratio relative to that of         R410A is 95%. When the refrigerant according to the present         disclosure meets the above requirements, the refrigerant has a         refrigerating capacity ratio of 95% or more relative to that of         R410A, and a COP ratio of 95% or more relative to that of R410A.     -   The refrigerant C according to the present disclosure may         further comprise other additional refrigerants in addition to         HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, R1234yf, and R32 as long as the above         properties and effects are not impaired. In this respect, the         refrigerant according to the present disclosure preferably         comprises HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, R1234yf, and R32 in a total         amount of 99.5 mass % or more, more preferably 99.75 mass % or         more, and still more preferably 99.9 mass % or more, based on         the entire refrigerant.     -   The refrigerant C according to the present disclosure may         comprise HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, R1234yf, and R32 in a total         amount of 99.5 mass % or more, 99.75 mass % or more, or 99.9         mass % or more, based on the entire refrigerant.     -   Additional refrigerants are not particularly limited and can be         widely selected. The mixed refrigerant may contain one         additional refrigerant, or two or more additional refrigerants.

(Examples of Refrigerant C)

-   -   The present disclosure is described in more detail below with         reference to Examples of refrigerant C. However, the refrigerant         C is not limited to the Examples.     -   Mixed refrigerants were prepared by mixing HFO-1132(E),         HFO-1123, R1234yf, and R32 at mass % based on their sum shown in         Tables 39 to 96.     -   The GWP of compositions each comprising a mixture of R410A         (R32=50%/R125=50%) was evaluated based on the values stated in         the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), fourth         report. The GWP of HFO-1132(E), which was not stated therein,         was assumed to be 1 from HFO-1132a (GWP=1 or less) and HFO-1123         (GWP=0.3, described in WO2015/141678). The refrigerating         capacity of compositions each comprising R410A and a mixture of         HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1123 was determined by performing         theoretical refrigeration cycle calculations for the mixed         refrigerants using the National Institute of Science and         Technology (NIST) and Reference Fluid Thermodynamic and         Transport Properties Database (Refprop 9.0) under the following         conditions.     -   For each of these mixed refrigerants, the COP ratio and the         refrigerating capacity ratio relative to those of R410 were         obtained. Calculation was conducted under the following         conditions.     -   Evaporating temperature: 5° C.     -   Condensation temperature: 45° C.     -   Superheating temperature: 5 K     -   Subcooling temperature: 5 K     -   Compressor efficiency: 70%     -   Tables 39 to 96 show the resulting values together with the GWP         of each mixed refrigerant. The COP and refrigerating capacity         are ratios relative to R410A.     -   The coefficient of performance (COP) was determined by the         following formula.

COP=(refrigerating capacity or heating capacity)/power consumption

TABLE 39 Comp. Comp. Comp. Comp. Comp. Comp. Comp. Comp. Ex. 2 Ex. 3 Ex. 4 Ex. 5 Ex. 6 Ex. 7 Ex. 8 Ex. 1 Item Unit Ex. 1 A B C D′ G I J K′ HFO-1132(E) Mass % R410A 68.6 0.0 32.9 0.0 72.0 72.0 47.1 61.7 HFO-1123 Mass % 0.0 58.7 67.1 75.4 28.0 0.0 52.9 5.9 R1234yf Mass % 31.4 41.3 0.0 24.6 0.0 28.0 0.0 32.4 R32 Mass % 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 GWP — 2088 2 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 COP ratio % (relative to 100 100.0 95.5 92.5 93.1 96.6 99.9 93.8 99.4 R410A) Refrigerating % (relative to 100 85.0 85.0 107.4 95.0 103.1 86.6 106.2 85.5 capacity ratio R410A)

TABLE 40 Comp. Comp. Comp. Comp. Comp. Comp. Comp. Ex. 9 Ex. 10 Ex. 11 Ex. 12 Ex. 13 Ex. 14 Ex. 15 Ex. 2 Item Unit A B C D G I J K′ HFO-1132 Mass % 55.3 0.0 18.4 0.0 60.9 60.9 40.5 47.0 (E) HFO-1123 Mass % 0.0 47.8 74.5 83.4 32.0 0.0 52.4 7.2 R1234yf Mass % 37.6 45.1 0.0 9.5 0.0 32.0 0.0 38.7 R32 Mass % 7.1 7.1 7.1 7.1 7.1 7.1 7.1 7.1 GWP — 50 50 49 49 49 50 49 50 COP ratio % 99.8 96.9 92.5 92.5 95.9 99.6 94.0 99.2 (relative to R410A) Refrigerating % 85.0 85.0 110.5 106.0 106.5 87.7 108.9 85.5 capacity ratio (relative to R410A)

TABLE 41 Comp. Ex. Comp. Ex. Comp. Ex. Comp. Ex. Comp. Ex. Comp. Ex. 16 17 18 19 20 21 Ex. 3 Item Unit A B C = D′ G I J K' HFO-1132(E) Mass % 48.4 0.0 0.0 55.8 55.8 37.0 41.0 HFO-1123 Mass % 0.0 42.3 88.9 33.1 0.0 51.9 6.5 R1234yf Mass % 40.5 46.6 0.0 0.0 33.1 0.0 41.4 R32 Mass % 11.1 11.1 11.1 11.1 11.1 11.1 11.1 GWP — 77 77 76 76 77 76 77 COP ratio % 99.8 97.6 92.5 95.8 99.5 94.2 99.3 (relative to R410A) Refrigerating % 85.0 85.0 112.0 108.0 88.6 110.2 85.4 capacity ratio (relative to R410A)

TABLE 42 Comp. Ex. Comp. Ex. 22 Comp. Ex. 23 Comp. Ex. 24 Comp. Ex. 25 26 Ex. 4 Item Unit A B G I J K′ HFO-1132(E) Mass % 42.8 0.0 52.1 52.1 34.3 36.5 HFO-1123 Mass % 0.0 37.8 33.4 0.0 51.2 5.6 R1234yf Mass % 42.7 47.7 0.0 33.4 0.0 43.4 R32 Mass % 14.5 14.5 14.5 14.5 14.5 14.5 GWP — 100 100 99 100 99 100 COP ratio % (relative to 99.9 98.1 95.8 99.5 94.4 99.5 R410A) Refrigerating % (relative to 85.0 85.0 109.1 89.6 111.1 85.3 capacity ratio R410A)

TABLE 43 Comp. Ex. Comp. Ex. 27 Comp. Ex. 28 Comp. Ex. 29 Comp. Ex. 30 31 Ex. 5 Item Unit A B G I J K′ HFO-1132(E) Mass % 37.0 0.0 48.6 48.6 32.0 32.5 HFO-1123 Mass % 0.0 33.1 33.2 0.0 49.8 4.0 R1234yf Mass % 44.8 48.7 0.0 33.2 0.0 45.3 R32 Mass % 18.2 18.2 18.2 18.2 18.2 18.2 GWP — 125 125 124 125 124 125 COP ratio % (relative to 100.0 98.6 95.9 99.4 94.7 99.8 R410A) Refrigerating % (relative to 85.0 85.0 110.1 90.8 111.9 85.2 capacity ratio R410A)

TABLE 44 Comp. Ex. Comp. Ex. 32 33 Comp. Ex. 34 Comp. Ex. 35 Comp. Ex. 36 Ex. 6 Item Unit A B G I J K′ HFO-1132(E) Mass % 31.5 0.0 45.4 45.4 30.3 28.8 HFO-1123 Mass % 0.0 28.5 32.7 0.0 47.8 2.4 R1234yf Mass % 46.6 49.6 0.0 32.7 0.0 46.9 R32 Mass % 21.9 21.9 21.9 21.9 21.9 21.9 GWP — 150 150 149 150 149 150 COP ratio % (relative to R410A) 100.2 99.1 96.0 99.4 95.1 100.0 Refrigerating % (relative to capacity ratio R410A) 85.0 85.0 111.0 92.1 112.6 85.1

TABLE 45 Comp. Ex. Comp. Ex. Comp. Ex. Comp. Ex. Comp. Ex. Comp. Ex. 37 38 39 40 41 42 Item Unit A B G I J K′ HFO-1132(E) Mass % 24.8 0.0 41.8 41.8 29.1 24.8 HFO-1123 Mass % 0.0 22.9 31.5 0.0 44.2 0.0 R1234yf Mass % 48.5 50.4 0.0 31.5 0.0 48.5 R32 Mass % 26.7 26.7 26.7 26.7 26.7 26.7 GWP — 182 182 181 182 181 182 COP ratio % (relative to 100.4 99.8 96.3 99.4 95.6 100.4 R410A) Refrigerating % (relative to 85.0 85.0 111.9 93.8 113.2 85.0 capacity ratio R410A)

TABLE 46 Comp. Ex. Comp. Ex. Comp. Ex. Comp. Ex. Comp. Ex. Comp. Ex. 43 44 45 46 47 48 Item Unit A B G I J K′ HFO-1132(E) Mass % 21.3 0.0 40.0 40.0 28.8 24.3 HFO-1123 Mass % 0.0 19.9 30.7 0.0 41.9 0.0 R1234yf Mass % 49.4 50.8 0.0 30.7 0.0 46.4 R32 Mass % 29.3 29.3 29.3 29.3 29.3 29.3 GWP — 200 200 198 199 198 200 COP ratio % (relative to 100.6 100.1 96.6 99.5 96.1 100.4 R410A) Refrigerating % (relative to 85.0 85.0 112.4 94.8 113.6 86.7 capacity ratio R410A)

TABLE 47 Comp. Ex. Comp. Ex. Comp. Ex. Comp. Ex. Comp. Ex. Comp. Ex. 49 50 51 52 53 54 Item Unit A B G I J K′ HFO-1132(E) Mass % 12.1 0.0 35.7 35.7 29.3 22.5 HFO-1123 Mass % 0.0 11.7 27.6 0.0 34.0 0.0 R1234yf Mass % 51.2 51.6 0.0 27.6 0.0 40.8 R32 Mass % 36.7 36.7 36.7 36.7 36.7 36.7 GWP — 250 250 248 249 248 250 COP ratio % (relative to 101.2 101.0 96.4 99.6 97.0 100.4 R410A) Refrigerating % (relative to 85.0 85.0 113.2 97.6 113.9 90.9 capacity ratio R410A)

TABLE 48 Comp. Ex. Comp. Ex. Comp. Ex. Comp. Ex. Comp. Ex. Comp. Ex. 55 56 57 58 59 60 Item Unit A B G I J K′ HFO-1132(E) Mass % 3.8 0.0 32.0 32.0 29.4 21.1 HFO-1123 Mass % 0.0 3.9 23.9 0.0 26.5 0.0 R1234yf Mass % 52.1 52.0 0.0 23.9 0.0 34.8 R32 Mass % 44.1 44.1 44.1 44.1 44.1 44.1 GWP — 300 300 298 299 298 299 COP ratio % (relative to 101.8 101.8 97.9 99.8 97.8 100.5 R410A) Refrigerating % (relative to 85.0 85.0 113.7 100.4 113.9 94.9 capacity ratio R410A)

TABLE 49 Comp. Ex. Comp. Ex. Comp. Ex. Comp. Ex. Comp. Ex. 61 62 63 64 65 Item Unit A = B G I J K′ HFO-1132(E) Mass % 0.0 30.4 30.4 28.9 20.4 HFO-1123 Mass % 0.0 21.8 0.0 23.3 0.0 R1234yf Mass % 52.2 0.0 21.8 0.0 31.8 R32 Mass % 47.8 47.8 47.8 47.8 47.8 GWP — 325 323 324 323 324 COP ratio % (relative to 102.1 98.2 100.0 98.2 100.6 R410A) Refrigerating % (relative to 85.0 113.8 101.8 113.9 96.8 capacity ratio R410A)

TABLE 50 Comp. Ex. Ex. Ex. Ex. Ex. Item Unit 66 Ex. 7 Ex. 8 Ex. 9 10 11 12 13 HFO-1132(E) Mass % 5.0 10.0 15.0 20.0 25.0 30.0 35.0 40.0 HFO-1123 Mass % 82.9 77.9 72.9 67.9 62.9 57.9 52.9 47.9 R1234yf Mass % 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 R32 Mass % 7.1 7.1 7.1 7.1 7.1 7.1 7.1 7.1 GWP — 49 49 49 49 49 49 49 49 COP ratio % (relative to 92.4 92.6 92.8 93.1 93.4 93.7 94.1 94.5 R410A) Refrigerating % (relative to 108.4 108.3 108.2 107.9 107.6 107.2 106.8 106.3 capacity ratio R410A)

TABLE 51 Ex. Ex. Ex. Ex. Comp. Ex. Ex. Ex. Ex. Item Unit 14 15 16 17 67 18 19 20 HFO-1132(E) Mass % 45.0 50.0 55.0 60.0 65.0 10.0 15.0 20.0 HFO-1123 Mass % 42.9 37.9 32.9 27.9 22.9 72.9 67.9 62.9 R1234yf Mass % 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 R32 Mass % 7.1 7.1 7.1 7.1 7.1 7.1 7.1 7.1 GWP — 49 49 49 49 49 49 49 49 COP ratio % (relative to 95.0 95.4 95.9 96.4 96.9 93.0 93.3 93.6 R410A) Refrigerating % (relative to 105.8 105.2 104.5 103.9 103.1 105.7 105.5 105.2 capacity ratio R410A)

TABLE 52 Item Unit Ex. 21 Ex. 22 Ex. 23 Ex. 24 Ex. 25 Ex. 26 Ex. 27 Ex. 28 HFO-1132(E) Mass % 25.0 30.0 35.0 40.0 45.0 50.0 55.0 60.0 HFO-1123 Mass % 57.9 52.9 47.9 42.9 37.9 32.9 27.9 22.9 R1234yf Mass % 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 R32 Mass % 7.1 7.1 7.1 7.1 7.1 7.1 7.1 7.1 GWP — 49 49 49 49 49 49 49 49 COP ratio % (relative to R410A) 93.9 94.2 94.6 95.0 95.5 96.0 96.4 96.9 Refrigerating % (relative to R410A) 104.9 104.5 104.1 103.6 103.0 102.4 101.7 101.0 capacity ratio

TABLE 53 Comp. Ex. Ex. Ex. Ex. Ex. Ex. Ex. Ex. Item Unit 68 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 HFO-1132(E) Mass % 65.0 10.0 15.0 20.0 25.0 30.0 35.0 40.0 HFO-1123 Mass % 17.9 67.9 62.9 57.9 52.9 47.9 42.9 37.9 R1234yf Mass % 10.0 15.0 15.0 15.0 15.0 15.0 15.0 15.0 R32 Mass % 7.1 7.1 7.1 7.1 7.1 7.1 7.1 7.1 GWP — 49 49 49 49 49 49 49 49 COP ratio % (relative to R410A) 97.4 93.5 93.8 94.1 94.4 94.8 95.2 95.6 Refrigerating % (relative to R410A) 100.3 102.9 102.7 102.5 102.1 101.7 101.2 100.7 capacity ratio

TABLE 54 Ex. Ex. Ex. Ex. Comp. Ex. Ex. Ex. Ex. Item Unit 36 37 38 39 69 40 41 42 HFO-1132(E) Mass % 45.0 50.0 55.0 60.0 65.0 10.0 15.0 20.0 HFO-1123 Mass % 32.9 27.9 22.9 17.9 12.9 62.9 57.9 52.9 R1234yf Mass % 15.0 15.0 15.0 15.0 15.0 20.0 20.0 20.0 R32 Mass % 7.1 7.1 7.1 7.1 7.1 7.1 7.1 7.1 GWP — 49 49 49 49 49 49 49 49 COP ratio % (relative to R410A) 96.0 96.5 97.0 97.5 98.0 94.0 94.3 94.6 Refrigerating % (relative to R410A) 100.1 99.5 98.9 98.1 97.4 100.1 99.9 99.6 capacity ratio

TABLE 55 Item Unit Ex. 43 Ex. 44 Ex. 45 Ex. 46 Ex. 47 Ex. 48 Ex. 49 Ex. 50 HFO-1132(E) Mass % 25.0 30.0 35.0 40.0 45.0 50.0 55.0 60.0 HFO-1123 Mass % 47.9 42.9 37.9 32.9 27.9 22.9 17.9 12.9 R1234yf Mass % 20.0 20.0 20.0 20.0 20.0 20.0 20.0 20.0 R32 Mass % 7.1 7.1 7.1 7.1 7.1 7.1 7.1 7.1 GWP — 49 49 49 49 49 49 49 49 COP ratio % (relative to R410A) 95.0 95.3 95.7 96.2 96.6 97.1 97.6 98.1 Refrigerating % (relative to R410A) 99.2 98.8 98.3 97.8 97.2 96.6 95.9 95.2 capacity ratio

TABLE 56 Comp. Ex. Ex. Ex. Ex. Ex. Ex. Ex. Ex. Item Unit 70 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 HFO-1132(E) Mass % 65.0 10.0 15.0 20.0 25.0 30.0 35.0 40.0 HFO-1123 Mass % 7.9 57.9 52.9 47.9 42.9 37.9 32.9 27.9 R1234yf Mass % 20.0 25.0 25.0 25.0 25.0 25.0 25.0 25.0 R32 Mass % 7.1 7.1 7.1 7.1 7.1 7.1 7.1 7.1 GWP — 49 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 COP ratio % (relative to R410A) 98.6 94.6 94.9 95.2 95.5 95.9 96.3 96.8 Refrigerating % (relative to R410A) 94.4 97.1 96.9 96.7 96.3 95.9 95.4 94.8 capacity ratio

TABLE 57 Ex. Ex. Ex. Ex. Comp. Ex. Ex. Ex. Ex. Item Unit 58 59 60 61 71 62 63 64 HFO-1132(E) Mass% 45.0 50.0 55.0 60.0 65.0 10.0 15.0 20.0 HFO-1123 Mass% 7.1 7.1 7.1 7.1 7.1 7.1 7.1 7.1 R1234yf Mass% 25.0 25.0 25.0 25.0 25.0 30.0 30.0 30.0 R32 Mass% 7.1 7.1 7.1 7.1 7.1 7.1 7.1 7.1 GWP — 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 COP ratio % (relative to R410A) 97.2 97.7 98.2 98.7 99.2 95.2 95.5 95.8 Refrigerating % (relative to R410A) 94.2 93.6 92.9 92.2 91.4 94.2 93.9 93.7 capacity ratio

TABLE 58 Item Unit Ex. 65 Ex. 66 Ex. 67 Ex. 68 Ex. 69 Ex. 70 Ex. 71 Ex. 72 HFO-1132(E) Mass % 25.0 30.0 35.0 40.0 45.0 50.0 55.0 60.0 HFO-1123 Mass % 37.9 32.9 27.9 22.9 17.9 12.9 7.9 2.9 R1234yf Mass % 30.0 30.0 30.0 30.0 30.0 30.0 30.0 30.0 R32 Mass % 7.1 7.1 7.1 7.1 7.1 7.1 7.1 7.1 GWP — 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 COP ratio % (relative to R410A) 96.2 96.6 97.0 97.4 97.9 98.3 98.8 99.3 Refrigerating % (relative to R410A) 93.3 92.9 92.4 91.8 91.2 90.5 89.8 89.1 capacity ratio

TABLE 59 Item Unit Ex. 73 Ex. 74 Ex. 75 Ex. 76 Ex. 77 Ex. 78 Ex. 79 Ex. 80 HFO-1132(E) Mass % 10.0 15.0 20.0 25.0 30.0 35.0 40.0 45.0 HFO-1123 Mass % 47.9 42.9 37.9 32.9 27.9 22.9 17.9 12.9 R1234yf Mass % 35.0 35.0 35.0 35.0 35.0 35.0 35.0 35.0 R32 Mass % 7.1 7.1 7.1 7.1 7.1 7.1 7.1 7.1 GWP — 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 COP ratio % (relative to R410A) 95.9 96.2 96.5 96.9 97.2 97.7 98.1 98.5 Refrigerating % (relative to R410A) 91.1 90.9 90.6 90.2 89.8 89.3 88.7 88.1 capacity ratio

TABLE 60 Item Unit Ex. 81 Ex. 82 Ex. 83 Ex. 84 Ex. 85 Ex. 86 Ex. 87 Ex. 88 HFO-1132(E) Mass % 50.0 55.0 10.0 15.0 20.0 25.0 30.0 35.0 HFO-1123 Mass % 7.9 2.9 42.9 37.9 32.9 27.9 22.9 17.9 R1234yf Mass % 35.0 35.0 40.0 40.0 40.0 40.0 40.0 40.0 R32 Mass % 7.1 7.1 7.1 7.1 7.1 7.1 7.1 7.1 GWP — 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 COP ratio % (relative to R410A) 99.0 99.4 96.6 96.9 97.2 97.6 98.0 98.4 Refrigerating % (relative to R410A) 87.4 86.7 88.0 87.8 87.5 87.1 86.6 86.1 capacity ratio

TABLE 61 Comp. Comp. Comp. Comp. Comp. Comp. Comp. Comp. Item Unit Ex. 72 Ex. 73 Ex. 74 Ex. 75 Ex. 76 Ex. 77 Ex. 78 Ex. 79 HFO-1132(E) Mass % 40.0 45.0 50.0 10.0 15.0 20.0 25.0 30.0 HFO-1123 Mass % 12.9 7.9 2.9 37.9 32.9 27.9 22.9 17.9 R1234yf Mass % 40.0 40.0 40.0 45.0 45.0 45.0 45.0 45.0 R32 Mass % 7.1 7.1 7.1 7.1 7.1 7.1 7.1 7.1 GWP — 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 COP ratio % (relative to R410A) 98.8 99.2 99.6 97.4 97.7 98.0 98.3 98.7 Refrigerating % (relative to 85.5 84.9 84.2 84.9 84.6 84.3 83.9 83.5 capacity ratio R410A)

TABLE 62 Comp. Comp. Comp. Item Unit Ex. 80 Ex. 81 Ex. 82 HFO-1132(E) Mass % 35.0 40.0 45.0 HFO-1123 Mass % 12.9 7.9 2.9 R1234yf Mass % 45.0 45.0 45.0 R32 Mass % 7.1 7.1 7.1 GWP — 50 50 50 COP ratio % (relative 99.1 99.5 99.9 to R410A) Refrigerating % (relative 82.9 82.3 81.7 capacity ratio to R410A)

TABLE 63 Item Unit Ex. 89 Ex. 90 Ex. 91 Ex. 92 Ex. 93 Ex. 94 Ex. 95 Ex. 96 HFO-1132(E) Mass % 10.0 15.0 20.0 25.0 30.0 35.0 40.0 45.0 HFO-1123 Mass % 70.5 65.5 60.5 55.5 50.5 45.5 40.5 35.5 R1234yf Mass % 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 R32 Mass % 14.5 14.5 14.5 14.5 14.5 14.5 14.5 14.5 GWP — 99 99 99 99 99 99 99 99 COP ratio % (relative to R410A) 93.7 93.9 94.1 94.4 94.7 95.0 95.4 95.8 Refrigerating % (relative to R410A) 110.2 110.0 109.7 109.3 108.9 108.4 107.9 107.3 capacity ratio

TABLE 64 Ex. Comp. Ex. Ex. Ex. Ex. Ex. Ex. Ex. Item Unit 97 83 98 99 100 101 102 103 HFO-1132(E) Mass % 50.0 55.0 10.0 15.0 20.0 25.0 30.0 35.0 HFO-1123 Mass % 30.5 25.5 65.5 60.5 55.5 50.5 45.5 40.5 R1234yf Mass % 5.0 5.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 R32 Mass % 14.5 14.5 14.5 14.5 14.5 14.5 14.5 14.5 GWP — 99 99 99 99 99 99 99 99 COP ratio % (relative to R410A) 96.2 96.6 94.2 94.4 94.6 94.9 95.2 95.5 Refrigerating % (relative to R410A) 106.6 106.0 107.5 107.3 107.0 106.6 106.1 105.6 capacity ratio

TABLE 65 Ex. Ex. Ex. Comp. Ex. Ex. Ex. Ex. Ex. Item Unit 104 105 106 84 107 108 109 110 HF0-1132(E) Mass % 40.0 45.0 50.0 55.0 10.0 15.0 20.0 25.0 HF0-1123 Mass % 35.5 30.5 25.5 20.5 60.5 55.5 50.5 45.5 R1234yf Mass % 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 15.0 15.0 15.0 15.0 R32 Mass % 14.5 14.5 14.5 14.5 14.5 14.5 14.5 14.5 GWP — 99 99 99 99 99 99 99 99 COP ratio % (relative to R410A) 95.9 96.3 96.7 97.1 94.6 94.8 95.1 95.4 Refrigerating % (relative to R410A) 105.1 104.5 103.8 103.1 104.7 104.5 104.1 103.7 capacity ratio

TABLE 66 Ex. Ex. Ex. Ex. Ex. Comp. Ex. Ex. Ex. Item Unit 111 112 113 114 115 85 116 117 HFO-1132(E) Mass % 30.0 35.0 40.0 45.0 50.0 55.0 10.0 15.0 HFO-1123 Mass % 40.5 35.5 30.5 25.5 20.5 15.5 55.5 50.5 R1234yf Mass % 15.0 15.0 15.0 15.0 15.0 15.0 20.0 20.0 R32 Mass % 14.5 14.5 14.5 14.5 14.5 14.5 14.5 14.5 GWP — 99 99 99 99 99 99 99 99 COP ratio % (relative to R410A) 95.7 96.0 96.4 96.8 97.2 97.6 95.1 95.3 Refrigerating % (relative to R410A) 103.3 102.8 102.2 101.6 101.0 100.3 101.8 101.6 capacity ratio

TABLE 67 Ex. Ex. Ex. Ex. Ex. Ex. Ex. Comp. Ex. Item Unit 118 119 120 121 122 123 124 86 HFO-1132(E) Mass % 20.0 25.0 30.0 35.0 40.0 45.0 50.0 55.0 HFO-1123 Mass % 45.5 40.5 35.5 30.5 25.5 20.5 15.5 10.5 R1234yf Mass % 20.0 20.0 20.0 20.0 20.0 20.0 20.0 20.0 R32 Mass % 14.5 14.5 14.5 14.5 14.5 14.5 14.5 14.5 GWP — 99 99 99 99 99 99 99 99 COP ratio % (relative to R410A) 95.6 95.9 96.2 96.5 96.9 97.3 97.7 98.2 Refrigerating % (relative to R410A) 101.2 100.8 100.4 99.9 99.3 98.7 98.0 97.3 capacity ratio

TABLE 68 Ex. Ex. Ex. Ex. Ex. Ex. Ex. Ex. Item Unit 125 126 127 128 129 130 131 132 HFO-1132(E) Mass % 10.0 15.0 20.0 25.0 30.0 35.0 40.0 45.0 HFO-1123 Mass % 50.5 45.5 40.5 35.5 30.5 25.5 20.5 15.5 R1234yf Mass % 25.0 25.0 25.0 25.0 25.0 25.0 25.0 25.0 R32 Mass % 14.5 14.5 14.5 14.5 14.5 14.5 14.5 14.5 GWP — 99 99 99 99 99 99 99 99 COP ratio % (relative to 95.6 95.9 96.1 96.4 96.7 97.1 97.5 97.9 R410A) Refrigerating capacity % (relative to 98.9 98.6 98.3 97.9 97.4 96.9 96.3 95.7 ratio R410A)

TABLE 69 Comp. Ex. Ex. Ex. Ex. Ex. Ex. Ex. Ex. Item Unit 133 87 134 135 136 137 138 139 HFO-1132(E) Mass % 50.0 55.0 10.0 15.0 20.0 25.0 30.0 35.0 HFO-1123 Mass % 10.5 5.5 45.5 40.5 35.5 30.5 25.5 20.5 R1234yf Mass % 25.0 25.0 30.0 30.0 30.0 30.0 30.0 30.0 R32 Mass % 14.5 14.5 14.5 14.5 14.5 14.5 14.5 14.5 GWP — 99 99 100 100 100 100 100 100 COP ratio % (relative to 98.3 98.7 96.2 96.4 96.7 97.0 97.3 97.7 R410A) Refrigerating capacity % (relative to 95.0 94.3 95.8 95.6 95.2 94.8 94.4 93.8 ratio R410A)

TABLE 70 Ex. Ex. Ex. Ex. Ex. Ex. Ex. Ex. Item Unit 140 141 142 143 144 145 146 147 HFO-1132(E) Mass % 40.0 45.0 50.0 10.0 15.0 20.0 25.0 30.0 HFO-1123 Mass % 15.5 10.5 5.5 40.5 35.5 30.5 25.5 20.5 R1234yf Mass % 30.0 30.0 30.0 35.0 35.0 35.0 35.0 35.0 R32 Mass % 14.5 14.5 14.5 14.5 14.5 14.5 14.5 14.5 GWP — 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 COP ratio % (relative to 98.1 98.5 98.9 96.8 97.0 97.3 97.6 97.9 R410A) Refrigerating capacity % (relative to 93.3 92.6 92.0 92.8 92.5 92.2 91.8 91.3 ratio R410A)

TABLE 71 Ex. Ex. Ex. Ex. Ex. Ex. Ex. Ex. Item Unit 148 149 150 151 152 153 154 155 HFO-1132(E) Mass % 35.0 40.0 45.0 10.0 15.0 20.0 25.0 30.0 HFO-1123 Mass % 15.5 10.5 5.5 35.5 30.5 25.5 20.5 15.5 R1234yf Mass % 35.0 35.0 35.0 40.0 40.0 40.0 40.0 40.0 R32 Mass % 14.5 14.5 14.5 14.5 14.5 14.5 14.5 14.5 GWP — 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 COP ratio % (relative to 98.3 98.7 99.1 97.4 97.7 98.0 98.3 98.6 R410A) Refrigerating capacity % (relative to 90.8 90.2 89.6 89.6 89.4 89.0 88.6 88.2 ratio R410A)

TABLE 72 Ex. Ex. Ex. Ex. Ex. Comp. Ex. Comp. Ex. Comp. Ex. Item Unit 156 157 158 159 160 88 89 90 HFO-1132(E) Mass % 35.0 40.0 10.0 15.0 20.0 25.0 30.0 35.0 HFO-1123 Mass % 10.5 5.5 30.5 25.5 20.5 15.5 10.5 5.5 R1234yf Mass % 40.0 40.0 45.0 45.0 45.0 45.0 45.0 45.0 R32 Mass % 14.5 14.5 14.5 14.5 14.5 14.5 14.5 14.5 GWP — 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 COP ratio % (relative to 98.9 99.3 98.1 98.4 98.7 98.9 99.3 99.6 R410A) Refrigerating capacity % (relative to 87.6 87.1 86.5 86.2 85.9 85.5 85.0 84.5 ratio R410A)

TABLE 73 Comp. Comp. Comp. Comp. Comp. Item Unit Ex. 91 Ex. 92 Ex. 93 Ex. 94 Ex. 95 HFO-1132(E) Mass % 10.0 15.0 20.0 25.0 30.0 HFO-1123 Mass % 25.5 20.5 15.5 10.5 5.5 R1234yf Mass % 50.0 50.0 50.0 50.0 50.0 R32 Mass % 14.5 14.5 14.5 14.5 14.5 GWP — 100 100 100 100 100 COP ratio % (relative to 98.9 99.1 99.4 99.7 100.0 R410A) Refrigerating % (relative to 83.3 83.0 82.7 82.2 81.8 capacity ratio R410A)

TABLE 74 Ex. Ex. Ex. Ex. Ex. Ex. Ex. Ex. Item Unit 161 162 163 164 165 166 167 168 HFO- Mass % 10.0 15.0 20.0 25.0 30.0 35.0 40.0 45.0 1132(E) HFO- Mass % 63.1 58.1 53.1 48.1 43.1 38.1 33.1 28.1 1123 R1234yf Mass % 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 R32 Mass % 21.9 21.9 21.9 21.9 21.9 21.9 21.9 21.9 GWP — 149 149 149 149 149 149 149 149 COP ratio % (relative to 94.8 95.0 95.2 95.4 95.7 95.9 96.2 96.6 R410A) Refrigerating capacity % (relative to 111.5 111.2 110.9 110.5 110.0 109.5 108.9 108.3 ratio R410A)

TABLE 75 Comp. Ex. Ex. Ex. Ex. Ex. Ex. Ex. Ex. Item Unit 96 169 170 171 172 173 174 175 HFO-1132(E) Mass % 50.0 10.0 15.0 20.0 25.0 30.0 35.0 40.0 HFO-1123 Mass % 23.1 58.1 53.1 48.1 43.1 38.1 33.1 28.1 R1234yf Mass % 5.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 R32 Mass % 21.9 21.9 21.9 21.9 21.9 21.9 21.9 21.9 GWP — 149 149 149 149 149 149 149 149 COP ratio % (relative to 96.9 95.3 95.4 95.6 95.8 96.1 96.4 96.7 R410A) Refrigerating capacity % (relative to 107.7 108.7 108.5 108.1 107.7 107.2 106.7 106.1 ratio R410A)

TABLE 76 Comp. Ex. Ex. Ex. Ex. Ex. Ex. Ex. Ex. Item Unit 176 97 177 178 179 180 181 182 HFO-1132(E) Mass % 45.0 50.0 10.0 15.0 20.0 25.0 30.0 35.0 HFO-1123 Mass % 23.1 18.1 53.1 48.1 43.1 38.1 33.1 28.1 R1234yf Mass % 10.0 10.0 15.0 15.0 15.0 15.0 15.0 15.0 R32 Mass % 21.9 21.9 21.9 21.9 21.9 21.9 21.9 21.9 GWP — 149 149 149 149 149 149 149 149 COP ratio % (relative to 97.0 97.4 95.7 95.9 96.1 96.3 96.6 96.9 R410A) Refrigerating capacity % (relative to ratio R410A) 105.5 104.9 105.9 105.6 105.3 104.8 104.4 103.8

TABLE 77 Comp. Ex. Ex. Ex. Ex. Ex. Ex. Ex. Ex. Item Unit 183 184 98 185 186 187 188 189 HFO-1132(E) Mass % 40.0 45.0 50.0 10.0 15.0 20.0 25.0 30.0 HFO-1123 Mass % 23.1 18.1 13.1 48.1 43.1 38.1 33.1 28.1 R1234yf Mass % 15.0 15.0 15.0 20.0 20.0 20.0 20.0 20.0 R32 Mass % 21.9 21.9 21.9 21.9 21.9 21.9 21.9 21.9 GWP — 149 149 149 149 149 149 149 149 COP ratio % (relative to 97.2 97.5 97.9 96.1 96.3 96.5 96.8 97.1 R410A) Refrigerating % (relative to 103.3 102.6 102.0 103.0 102.7 102.3 101.9 101.4 capacity ratio R410A)

TABLE 78 Comp. Ex. Ex. Ex. Ex. Ex. Ex. Ex. Ex. Item Unit 190 191 192 99 193 194 195 196 HFO-1132(E) Mass % 35.0 40.0 45.0 50.0 10.0 15.0 20.0 25.0 HFO-1123 Mass % 23.1 18.1 13.1 8.1 43.1 38.1 33.1 28.1 R1234yf Mass % 20.0 20.0 20.0 20.0 25.0 25.0 25.0 25.0 R32 Mass % 21.9 21.9 21.9 21.9 21.9 21.9 21.9 21.9 GWP — 149 149 149 149 149 149 149 149 COP ratio % (relative to 97.4 97.7 98.0 98.4 96.6 96.8 97.0 97.3 R410A) Refrigerating % (relative to 100.9 100.3 99.7 99.1 100.0 99.7 99.4 98.9 capacity ratio R410A)

TABLE 79 Comp. Ex. Ex. Ex. Ex. Ex. Ex. Ex. Ex. Item Unit 197 198 199 200 100 201 202 203 HFO-1132(E) Mass % 30.0 35.0 40.0 45.0 50.0 10.0 15.0 20.0 HFO-1123 Mass % 23.1 18.1 13.1 8.1 3.1 38.1 33.1 28.1 R1234yf Mass % 25.0 25.0 25.0 25.0 25.0 30.0 30.0 30.0 R32 Mass % 21.9 21.9 21.9 21.9 21.9 21.9 21.9 21.9 GWP — 149 149 149 149 149 150 150 150 COP ratio % (relative to 97.6 97.9 98.2 98.5 98.9 97.1 97.3 97.6 R410A) Refrigerating % (relative to 98.5 97.9 97.4 96.8 96.1 97.0 96.7 96.3 capacity ratio R410A)

TABLE 80 Ex. Ex. Ex. Ex. Ex. Ex. Ex. Ex. Item Unit 204 205 206 207 208 209 210 211 HFO-1132(E) Mass % 25.0 30.0 35.0 40.0 45.0 10.0 15.0 20.0 HFO-1123 Mass % 23.1 18.1 13.1 8.1 3.1 33.1 28.1 23.1 R1234yf Mass % 30.0 30.0 30.0 30.0 30.0 35.0 35.0 35.0 R32 Mass % 21.9 21.9 21.9 21.9 21.9 21.9 21.9 21.9 GWP — 150 150 150 150 150 150 150 150 COP ratio % (relative to 97.8 98.1 98.4 98.7 99.1 97.7 97.9 98.1 R410A) Refrigerating capacity % (relative to 95.9 95.4 94.9 94.4 93.8 93.9 93.6 93.3 ratio R410A)

TABLE 81 Ex. Ex. Ex. Ex. Ex. Ex. Ex. Ex. Item Unit 212 213 214 215 216 217 218 219 HFO-1132(E) Mass % 25.0 30.0 35.0 40.0 10.0 15.0 20.0 25.0 HFO-1123 Mass % 18.1 13.1 8.1 3.1 28.1 23.1 18.1 13.1 R1234yf Mass % 35.0 35.0 35.0 35.0 40.0 40.0 40.0 40.0 R32 Mass % 21.9 21.9 21.9 21.9 21.9 21.9 21.9 21.9 GWP — 150 150 150 150 150 150 150 150 COP ratio % (relative to 98.4 98.7 99.0 99.3 98.3 98.5 98.7 99.0 R410A) Refrigerating capacity % (relative to 92.9 92.4 91.9 91.3 90.8 90.5 90.2 89.7 ratio R410A)

TABLE 82 Comp. Ex. Ex. Ex. Ex. Ex. Ex. Ex. Ex. Item Unit 220 221 222 223 224 225 226 101 HFO-1132(E) Mass % 30.0 35.0 10.0 15.0 20.0 25.0 30.0 10.0 HFO-1123 Mass % 8.1 3.1 23.1 18.1 13.1 8.1 3.1 18.1 R1234yf Mass % 40.0 40.0 45.0 45.0 45.0 45.0 45.0 50.0 R32 Mass % 21.9 21.9 21.9 21.9 21.9 21.9 21.9 21.9 GWP — 150 150 150 150 150 150 150 150 COP ratio % (relative to 99.3 99.6 98.9 99.1 99.3 99.6 99.9 99.6 R410A) Refrigerating % (relative to 89.3 88.8 87.6 87.3 87.0 86.6 86.2 84.4 capacity ratio R410A)

TABLE 83 Comp. Comp. Comp. Item Unit Ex. 102 Ex. 103 Ex. 104 HFO-1132(E) Mass % 15.0 20.0 25.0 HFO-1123 Mass % 13.1 8.1 3.1 R1234yf Mass % 50.0 50.0 50.0 R32 Mass % 21.9 21.9 21.9 GWP — 150 150 150 COP ratio % (relative 99.8 100.0 100.2 to R410A) Refrigerating % (relative 84.1 83.8 83.4 capacity ratio to R410A)

TABLE 84 Ex. Ex. Ex. Ex. Ex. Ex. Ex. Comp. Ex. Item Unit 227 228 229 230 231 232 233 105 HFO-1132(E) Mass % 10.0 15.0 20.0 25.0 30.0 35.0 40.0 45.0 HFO-1123 Mass % 55.7 50.7 45.7 40.7 35.7 30.7 25.7 20.7 R1234yf Mass % 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 R32 Mass % 29.3 29.3 29.3 29.3 29.3 29.3 29.3 29.3 GWP — 199 199 199 199 199 199 199 199 COP ratio % (relative to 95.9 96.0 96.2 96.3 96.6 96.8 97.1 97.3 R410A) Refrigerating % (relative to 112.2 111.9 111.6 111.2 110.7 110.2 109.6 109.0 capacity ratio R410A)

TABLE 85 Ex. Ex. Ex. Ex. Ex. Ex. Ex. Comp. Ex. Item Unit 234 235 236 237 238 239 240 106 HFO-1132(E) Mass % 10.0 15.0 20.0 25.0 30.0 35.0 40.0 45.0 HFO-1123 Mass % 50.7 45.7 40.7 35.7 30.7 25.7 20.7 15.7 R1234yf Mass % 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 R32 Mass % 29.3 29.3 29.3 29.3 29.3 29.3 29.3 29.3 GWP — 199 199 199 199 199 199 199 199 COP ratio % (relative to 96.3 96.4 96.6 96.8 97.0 97.2 97.5 97.8 R410A) Refrigerating % (relative to 109.4 109.2 108.8 108.4 107.9 107.4 106.8 106.2 capacity ratio R410A)

TABLE 86 Ex. Ex. Ex. Ex. Ex. Ex. Ex. Comp. Ex. Item Unit 241 242 243 244 245 246 247 107 HFO-1132(E) Mass % 10.0 15.0 20.0 25.0 30.0 35.0 40.0 45.0 HFO-1123 Mass % 45.7 40.7 35.7 30.7 25.7 20.7 15.7 10.7 R1234yf Mass % 15.0 15.0 15.0 15.0 15.0 15.0 15.0 15.0 R32 Mass % 29.3 29.3 29.3 29.3 29.3 29.3 29.3 29.3 GWP — 199 199 199 199 199 199 199 199 COP ratio % (relative to 96.7 96.8 97.0 97.2 97.4 97.7 97.9 98.2 R410A) Refrigerating % (relative to 106.6 106.3 106.0 105.5 105.1 104.5 104.0 103.4 capacity ratio R410A)

TABLE 87 Ex. Ex. Ex. Ex. Ex. Ex. Ex. Comp. Ex. Item Unit 248 249 250 251 252 253 254 108 HFO-1132(E) Mass % 10.0 15.0 20.0 25.0 30.0 35.0 40.0 45.0 HFO-1123 Mass % 40.7 35.7 30.7 25.7 20.7 15.7 10.7 5.7 R1234yf Mass % 20.0 20.0 20.0 20.0 20.0 20.0 20.0 20.0 R32 Mass % 29.3 29.3 29.3 29.3 29.3 29.3 29.3 29.3 GWP — 199 199 199 199 199 199 199 199 COP ratio % (relative to 97.1 97.3 97.5 97.7 97.9 98.1 98.4 98.7 R410A) Refrigerating % (relative to 103.7 103.4 103.0 102.6 102.2 101.6 101.1 100.5 capacity ratio R410A)

TABLE 88 Item Unit Ex. 255 Ex. 256 Ex. 257 Ex. 258 Ex. 259 Ex. 260 Ex. 261 Ex. 262 HFO-1132(E) Mass % 10.0 15.0 20.0 25.0 30.0 35.0 40.0 10.0 HFO-1123 Mass % 35.7 30.7 25.7 20.7 15.7 10.7 5.7 30.7 R1234yf Mass % 25.0 25.0 25.0 25.0 25.0 25.0 25.0 30.0 R32 Mass % 29.3 29.3 29.3 29.3 29.3 29.3 29.3 29.3 GWP — 199 199 199 199 199 199 199 199 COP ratio % (relative to 97.6 97.7 97.9 98.1 98.4 98.6 98.9 98.1 R410A) Refrigerating % (relative to 100.7 100.4 100.1 99.7 99.2 98.7 98.2 97.7 capacity ratio R410A)

TABLE 89 Item Unit Ex. 263 Ex. 264 Ex. 265 Ex. 266 Ex. 267 Ex. 268 Ex. 269 Ex. 270 HFO-1132(E) Mass % 15.0 20.0 25.0 30.0 35.0 10.0 15.0 20.0 HFO-1123 Mass % 25.7 20.7 15.7 10.7 5.7 25.7 20.7 15.7 R1234yf Mass % 30.0 30.0 30.0 30.0 30.0 35.0 35.0 35.0 R32 Mass % 29.3 29.3 29.3 29.3 29.3 29.3 29.3 29.3 GWP — 199 199 199 199 199 200 200 200 COP ratio % (relative to 98.2 98.4 98.6 98.9 99.1 98.6 98.7 98.9 R410A) Refrigerating % (relative to 97.4 97.1 96.7 96.2 95.7 94.7 94.4 94.0 capacity ratio R410A)

TABLE 90 Item Unit Ex. 271 Ex. 272 Ex. 273 Ex. 274 Ex. 275 Ex. 276 Ex. 277 Ex. 278 HFO-1132(E) Mass % 25.0 30.0 10.0 15.0 20.0 25.0 10.0 15.0 HFO-1123 Mass % 10.7 5.7 20.7 15.7 10.7 5.7 15.7 10.7 R1234yf Mass % 35.0 35.0 40.0 40.0 40.0 40.0 45.0 45.0 R32 Mass % 29.3 29.3 29.3 29.3 29.3 29.3 29.3 29.3 GWP — 200 200 200 200 200 200 200 200 COP ratio % (relative to 99.2 99.4 99.1 99.3 99.5 99.7 99.7 99.8 R410A) Refrigerating % (relative to 93.6 93.2 91.5 91.3 90.9 90.6 88.4 88.1 capacity ratio R410A)

TABLE 91 Ex. Ex. Comp. Comp. Item Unit 279 280 Ex. 109 Ex. 110 HFO-1132(E) Mass % 20.0 10.0 15.0 10.0 HFO-1123 Mass % 5.7 10.7 5.7 5.7 R1234yf Mass % 45.0 50.0 50.0 55.0 R32 Mass % 29.3 29.3 29.3 29.3 GWP — 200 200 200 200 COP ratio % (relative 100.0 100.3 100.4 100.9 to R410A) Refrigerating % (relative 87.8 85.2 85.0 82.0 capacity ratio to R410A)

TABLE 92 Comp. Item Unit Ex. 281 Ex. 282 Ex. 283 Ex. 284 Ex. 285 Ex. 111 Ex. 286 Ex. 287 HFO-1132(E) Mass % 10.0 15.0 20.0 25.0 30.0 35.0 10.0 15.0 HFO-1123 Mass % 40.9 35.9 30.9 25.9 20.9 15.9 35.9 30.9 R1234yf Mass % 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 10.0 10.0 R32 Mass % 44.1 44.1 44.1 44.1 44.1 44.1 44.1 44.1 GWP — 298 298 298 298 298 298 299 299 COP ratio % (relative to 97.8 97.9 97.9 98.1 98.2 98.4 98.2 98.2 R410A) Refrigerating % (relative to 112.5 112.3 111.9 111.6 111.2 110.7 109.8 109.5 capacity ratio R410A)

TABLE 93 Comp. Item Unit Ex. 288 Ex. 289 Ex.290 Ex. 112 Ex. 291 Ex. 292 Ex. 293 Ex. 294 HFO-1132(E) Mass % 20.0 25.0 3 0.0 35.0 10.0 15.0 20.0 25.0 HFO-1123 Mass % 25.9 20.9 15.9 10.9 30.9 25.9 20.9 15.9 R1234yf Mass % 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 15.0 15.0 15.0 15.0 R32 Mass % 44.1 44.1 44.1 44.1 44.1 44.1 44.1 44.1 GWP — 299 299 299 299 299 299 299 299 COP ratio % (relative to 98.3 98.5 98.6 98.8 98.6 98.6 98.7 98.9 R410A) Refrigerating % (relative to 109.2 108.8 108.4 108.0 107.0 106.7 106.4 106.0 capacity ratio R410A)

TABLE 94 Comp. Item Unit Ex. 295 Ex. 113 Ex. 296 Ex. 297 Ex. 298 Ex. 299 Ex. 300 Ex. 301 HFO-1132(E) Mass % 30.0 35.0 10.0 15.0 20.0 25.0 30.0 10.0 HFO-1123 Mass % 10.9 5.9 25.9 20.9 15.9 10.9 5.9 20.9 R1234yf Mass % 15.0 15.0 20.0 20.0 20.0 20.0 20.0 25.0 R32 Mass % 44.1 44.1 44.1 44.1 44.1 44.1 44.1 44.1 GWP — 299 299 299 299 299 299 299 299 COP ratio % (relative to 99.0 99.2 99.0 99.0 99.2 99.3 99.4 99.4 R410A) Refrigerating % (relative to 105.6 105.2 104.1 103.9 103.6 103.2 102.8 101.2 capacity ratio R410A)

TABLE 95 Item Unit Ex. 302 Ex. 303 Ex. 304 Ex. 305 Ex. 306 Ex. 307 Ex. 308 Ex. 309 HFO-1132(E) Mass % 15.0 20.0 25.0 10.0 15.0 20.0 10.0 15.0 HFO-1123 Mass % 15.9 10.9 5.9 15.9 10.9 5.9 10.9 5.9 R1234yf Mass % 25.0 25.0 25.0 30.0 30.0 30.0 35.0 35.0 R32 Mass % 44.1 44.1 44.1 44.1 44.1 44.1 44.1 44.1 GWP — 299 299 299 299 299 299 299 299 COP ratio % (relative to 99.5 99.6 99.7 99.8 99.9 100.0 100.3 100.4 R410A) Refrigerating % (relative to 101.0 100.7 100.3 98.3 98.0 97.8 95.3 95.1 capacity ratio R410A)

TABLE 96 Item Unit Ex. 400 HFO-1132(E) Mass % 10.0 HFO-1123 Mass % 5.9 R1234yf Mass % 40.0 R32 Mass % 44.1 GWP — 299 COP ratio % (relative 100.7 to R410A) Refrigerating % (relative 92.3 capacity ratio to R410A)

-   -   The above results indicate that the refrigerating capacity ratio         relative to R410A is 85% or more in the following cases:     -   When the mass % of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, R1234yf, and R32 based         on their sum is respectively represented by x, y, z, and a, in a         ternary composition diagram in which the sum of HFO-1132(E),         HFO-1123, and R1234yf is (100−a) mass %, a straight line         connecting a point (0.0, 100.0−a, 0.0) and a point (0.0, 0.0,         100.0−a) is the base, and the point (0.0, 100.0−a, 0.0) is on         the left side, if 0<a≤11.1, coordinates (x,y,z) in the ternary         composition diagram are on, or on the left side of, a straight         line AB that connects point A (0.0134a²−1.9681a+68.6, 0.0,         −0.0134a²+0.9681a+31.4) and point B (0.0, 0.0144a²−1.6377a+58.7,         −0.0144a²+0.6377a+41.3);     -   if 11.1<a≤18.2, coordinates (x,y,z) in the ternary composition         diagram are on, or on the left side of, a straight line AB that         connects point A (0.0112a²−1.9337a+68.484, 0.0,         −0.0112a²+0.9337a+31.516) and point B (0.0,         0.0075a²−1.5156a+58.199, −0.0075a²+0.5156a+41.801);     -   if 18.2a<a≤26.7, coordinates (x,y,z) in the ternary composition         diagram are on, or on the left side of, a straight line AB that         connects point A (0.0107a²−1.9142a+68.305, 0.0,         −0.0107a²+0.9142a+31.695) and point B (0.0,         0.009a²−1.6045a+59.318, −0.009a²+0.6045a+40.682);     -   if 26.7<a≤36.7, coordinates (x,y,z) in the ternary composition         diagram are on, or on the left side of, a straight line AB that         connects point A (0.0103a²−1.9225a+68.793, 0.0,         −0.0103a²+0.9225a+31.207) and point B (0.0,         0.0046a²−1.41a+57.286, −0.0046a²+0.41a+42.714); and     -   if 36.7<a≤46.7, coordinates (x,y,z) in the ternary composition         diagram are on, or on the left side of, a straight line AB that         connects point A (0.0085a²−1.8102a+67.1, 0.0,         −0.0085a²+0.8102a+32.9) and point B (0.0,         0.0012a²−1.1659a+52.95, −0.0012a²+0.1659a+47.05).     -   Actual points having a refrigerating capacity ratio of 85% or         more form a curved line that connects point A and point B in         FIG. 3, and that extends toward the 1234yf side. Accordingly,         when coordinates are on, or on the left side of, the straight         line AB, the refrigerating capacity ratio relative to R410A is         85% or more.     -   Similarly, it was also found that in the ternary composition         diagram, if 0<a<11.1, when coordinates (x,y,z) are on, or on the         left side of, a straight line D′C that connects point D′ (0.0,         0.0224a²+0.968a+75.4, −0.0224a²−1.968a+24.6) and point C         (−0.2304a²−0.4062a+32.9, 0.2304a²−0.5938a+67.1, 0.0); or if         11.1<a≤46.7, when coordinates are in the entire region, the COP         ratio relative to that of R410A is 92.5% or more.     -   In FIG. 3, the COP ratio of 92.5% or more forms a curved         line CD. In FIG. 3, an approximate line formed by connecting         three points: point C (32.9, 67.1, 0.0) and points (26.6,         68.4, 5) (19.5, 70.5, 10) where the COP ratio is 92.5% when the         concentration of R1234yf is 5 mass % and 10 mass was obtained,         and a straight line that connects point C and point D′(0, 75.4,         24.6), which is the intersection of the approximate line and a         point where the concentration of HFO-1132(E) is 0.0 mass % was         defined as a line segment D′C. In FIG. 4, point D′(0, 83.4, 9.5)         was similarly obtained from an approximate curve formed by         connecting point C (18.4, 74.5, 0) and points (13.9, 76.5, 2.5)         (8.7, 79.2, 5) where the COP ratio is 92.5%, and a straight line         that connects point C and point D′ was defined as the straight         line D′C.     -   The composition of each mixture was defined as WCF. A leak         simulation was performed using NIST Standard Reference Database         REFLEAK Version 4.0 under the conditions of Equipment, Storage,         Shipping, Leak, and Recharge according to the ASHRAE Standard         34-2013. The most flammable fraction was defined as WCFF.     -   For the flammability, the burning velocity was measured         according to the ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 34-2013. Both WCF and WCFF         having a burning velocity of 10 cm/s or less were determined to         be classified as “Class 2L (lower flammability).”     -   A burning velocity test was performed using the apparatus shown         in FIG. 1 in the following manner. First, the mixed refrigerants         used had a purity of 99.5% or more, and were degassed by         repeating a cycle of freezing, pumping, and thawing until no         traces of air were observed on the vacuum gauge. The burning         velocity was measured by the closed method. The initial         temperature was ambient temperature. Ignition was performed by         generating an electric spark between the electrodes in the         center of a sample cell. The duration of the discharge was 1.0         to 9.9 ms, and the ignition energy was typically about 0.1 to         1.0 J. The spread of the flame was visualized using schlieren         photographs. A cylindrical container (inner diameter: 155 mm,         length: 198 mm) equipped with two light transmission acrylic         windows was used as the sample cell, and a xenon lamp was used         as the light source. Schlieren images of the flame were recorded         by a high-speed digital video camera at a frame rate of 600 fps         and stored on a PC.     -   The results are shown in Tables 97 to 104.

TABLE 97 Comp. Ex. Comp. Ex. Comp. Ex. Comp. Ex. Comp. Ex. Comp. Ex. Item 6 13 19 24 29 34 WCF HFO-1132(E) Mass 72.0 60.9 55.8 52.1 48.6 45.4 % HFO-1123 Mass 28.0 32.0 33.1 33.4 33.2 32.7 % R1234yf Mass 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 % R32 Mass 0.0 7.1 11.1 14.5 18.2 21.9 % Burning velocity (WCF) cm/s 10 10 10 10 10 10

TABLE 98 Comp. Comp. Comp. Comp. Comp. Item Ex. 39 Ex. 45 Ex. 51 Ex. 57 Ex. 62 WCF HFO-1132(E) Mass % 41.8 40 35.7 32 30.4 HFO-1123 Mass % 31.5 30.7 23.6 23.9 21.8 R1234yf Mass % 0 0 0 0 0 R32 Mass % 26.7 29.3 36.7 44.1 47.8 Burning velocity (WCF) cm/s 10 10 10 10 10

TABLE 99 Comp. Comp. Comp. Comp. Comp. Comp. Item Ex. 7 Ex. 14 Ex. 20 Ex. 25 Ex. 30 Ex. 35 WCF HFO-1132(E) Mass 72.0 60.9 55.8 52.1 48.6 45.4 % HFO-1123 Mass 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 % R1234yf Mass 28.0 32.0 33.1 33.4 33.2 32.7 % R32 Mass 0.0 7.1 11.1 14.5 18.2 21.9 % Burning velocity (WCF) cm/s 10 10 10 10 10 10

TABLE 100 Item Comp. Ex. 40 Comp. Ex. 46 Comp. Ex. 52 Comp. Ex. 58 Comp. Ex. 63 WCF HFO-1132(E) Mass % 41.8 40 35.7 32 30.4 HFO-1123 Mass % 0 0 0 0 0 R1234yf Mass % 31.5 30.7 23.6 23.9 21.8 R32 Mass % 26.7 29.3 36.7 44.1 47.8 Burning velocity (WCF) cm/s 10 10 10 10 10

TABLE 101 Comp. Comp. Comp. Comp. Comp. Comp. Item Ex. 8 Ex. 15 Ex. 21 Ex. 26 Ex. 31 Ex. 36 WC HFO-1132 (E) Mass % 47.1 40.5 37.0 34.3 32.0 30.3 F HFO-1123 Mass % 52.9 52.4 51.9 51.2 49.8 47.8 R1234yf Mass % 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 R32 Mass % 0.0 7.1 11.1 14.5 18.2 21.9 Leak condition Storage/ Storage/ Storage/ Storage/ Storage/ Storage/ that results Ship- Ship- Ship- Ship- Ship- Ship- in WCFF ping ping ping ping ping ping −40° C., −40° C., −40° C., −40° C., −40° C., −40° C., 92% 92% 92% 92% 92% 92% release, release, release, release, release, release, liquid liquid liquid liquid liquid liquid phase phase phase phase phase phase side side side side side side WC HFO-1132 Mass % 72.0 62.4 56.2 50.6 45.1 40.0 FF (E) HFO-1123 Mass % 28.0 31.6 33.0 33.4 32.5 30.5 R1234yf Mass % 0.0 0.0 0.0 20.4 0.0 0.0 R32 Mass % 0.0 50.9 10.8 16.0 22.4 29.5 Burning cm/s 8 or less 8 or less 8 or less 8 or less 8 or less 8 or less velocity (WCF) Burning velocity (WCFF) cm/s 10 10 10 10 10 10

TABLE 102 Comp. Comp. Comp. Comp. Comp. Item Ex. 41 Ex. 47 Ex. 53 Ex. 59 Ex. 64 WCF HFO-1132 (E) Mass % 29.1 28.8 29.3 29.4 28.9 HFO-1123 Mass % 44.2 41.9 34.0 26.5 23.3 R1234yf Mass % 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 R32 Mass % 26.7 29.3 36.7 44.1 47.8 Leak condition Storage/ Storage/ Storage/ Storage/ Storage/ that Shipping Shipping Shipping Shipping Shipping results in −40° C., −40° C., −40° C., −40° C., −40° C., WCFF 92% 92% 92% 90% 86% release, release, release, release, release, liquid liquid liquid gas gas phase phase phase phase phase side side side side side WCF HFO-1132 (E) Mass % 34.6 32.2 27.7 28.3 27.5 F HFO-1123 Mass % 26.5 23.9 17.5 18.2 16.7 R1234yf Mass % 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 R32 Mass % 38.9 43.9 54.8 53.5 55.8 Burning cm/s 8 or less 8 or less 8.3 9.3 9.6 velocity (WCF) Burning cm/s 10 10 10 10 10 velocity (WCFF)

TABLE 103 Comp. Comp. Comp. Comp. Comp. Comp. Item Ex. 9 Ex. 16 Ex. 22 Ex. 27 Ex. 32 Ex. 37 WCF HFO-1132 Mass 61.7 47.0 41.0 36.5 32.5 28.8 (E) % HFO-1123 Mass 5.9 7.2 6.5 5.6 4.0 2.4 % R1234yf Mass 32.4 38.7 41.4 43.4 45.3 46.9 % R32 Mass 0.0 7.1 11.1 14.5 18.2 21.9 % Leak condition Storage/ Storage/ Storage/ Storage/ Storage/ Storage/ that results in Shipping Shipping Shipping Shipping Shipping Shipping WCFF −40° C., −40° C., −40° C., −40° C., −40° C., −40° C., 0% 0% 0% 92% 0% 0% release, release, release, release, release, release, gas gas gas liquid gas gas phase phase phase phase phase phase side side side side side side WCF HFO-1132 Mass 72.0 56.2 50.4 46.0 42.4 39.1 F (E) % HFO-1123 Mass 10.5 12.6 11.4 10.1 7.4 4.4 % R1234yf Mass 17.5 20.4 21.8 22.9 24.3 25.7 % R32 Mass 0.0 10.8 16.3 21.0 25.9 30.8 % Burning cm/s 8 or less 8 or less 8 or less 8 or less 8 or less 8 or less velocity (WCF) Burning cm/s 10 10 10 10 10 10 velocity (WCFF)

TABLE 104 Comp. Comp. Comp. Comp. Comp. Item Ex. 42 Ex. 48 Ex. 54 Ex. 60 Ex. 65 WCF HFO-1132 (E) Mass % 24.8 24.3 22.5 21.1 20.4 HFO-1123 Mass % 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 R1234yf Mass % 48.5 46.4 40.8 34.8 31.8 R32 Mass % 26.7 29.3 36.7 44.1 47.8 Leak condition that Storage/ Storage/ Storage/ Storage/ Storage/ results in Shipping Shipping Shipping Shipping Shipping WCFF −40° C., −40° C., −40° C., −40° C., −40° C., 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% release, release, release, release, release, gas phase gas phase gas phase gas phase gas phase side side side side side WCF HFO-1132 (E) Mass % 35.3 34.3 31.3 29.1 28.1 F HFO-1123 Mass % 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 R1234yf Mass % 27.4 26.2 23.1 19.8 18.2 R32 Mass % 37.3 39.6 45.6 51.1 53.7 Burning velocity cm/s 8 or less 8 or less 8 or less 8 or less 8 or less (WCF) Burning velocity cm/s 10 10 10 10 10 (WCFF)

-   -   The results in Tables 97 to 100 indicate that the refrigerant         has a WCF lower flammability in the following cases:     -   When the mass % of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, R1234yf, and R32 based         on their sum in the mixed refrigerant of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123,         R1234yf, and R32 is respectively represented by x, y, z, and a,         coordinates (x,y,z) in a ternary composition diagram in which         the sum of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R1234yf is (100−a) mass %         and a straight line connecting a point (0.0, 100.0−a, 0.0) and a         point (0.0, 0.0, 100.0−a) is the base, if 0<a<11.1, coordinates         (x,y,z) in the ternary composition diagram are on or below a         straight line GI that connects point G (0.026a²−1.7478a+72.0,         −0.026a²+0.7478a+28.0, 0.0) and point I (0.026a²−1.7478a+72.0,         0.0, −0.026a²+0.7478a+28.0);         if 11.1<a≤18.2, coordinates (x,y,z) in the ternary composition         diagram are on or below a straight line GI that connects point G         (0.02a²−1.6013a+71.105, −0.02a²+0.6013a+28.895, 0.0) and point I         (0.02a²−1.6013a+71.105, 0.0, −0.02a²+0.6013a+28.895); if         18.2<a<26.7, coordinates (x,y,z) in the ternary composition         diagram are on or below a straight line GI that connects point G         (0.0135a²−1.4068a+69.727, −0.0135a²+0.4068a+30.273, 0.0) and         point I (0.0135a²−1.4068a+69.727, 0.0,         −0.0135a²+0.4068a+30.273); if 26.7<a<36.7, coordinates (x,y,z)         in the ternary composition diagram are on or below a straight         line GI that connects point G (0.0111a²−1.3152a+68.986,         −0.0111a²+0.3152a+31.014, 0.0) and point I         (0.0111a²−1.3152a+68.986, 0.0, −0.0111a²+0.3152a+31.014); and if         36.7<a≤46.7, coordinates (x,y,z) in the ternary composition         diagram are on or below a straight line GI that connects point G         (0.0061a²−0.9918a+63.902, −0.0061a²−0.0082a+36.098, 0.0) and         point I (0.0061a² 0.9918a+63.902, 0.0,         −0.0061a²−0.0082a+36.098).     -   Three points corresponding to point G (Table 105) and point I         (Table 106) were individually obtained in each of the following         five ranges by calculation, and their approximate expressions         were obtained.

TABLE 105 Item 11.1 ≥ R32 > 0 18.2 ≥ R32 ≥ 11.1 26.7 ≥ R32 ≥ 18.2 36.7 ≥ R23 ≥ 26.7 46.7 ≥ R32 ≥ 36.7 R32 0 7.1 11.1 11.1 14.5 18.2 18.2 21.9 26.7 26.7 29.3 36.7 36.7 44.1 47.8 HFO- 72.0 60.9 55.8 55.8 52.1 48.6 48.6 45.4 41.8 41.8 40.0 35.7 35.7 32.0 30.4 1132(E) HFO- 28.0 32.0 33.1 33.1 33.4 33.2 33.2 32.7 31.5 31.5 30.7 27.6 27.6 23.9 21.8 1123 R1234yf 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 R32 a a a a a HFO- 0.026a² − 0.02a² − 0.0135a² − 0.0111a² − 0.0061a² − 1132(E) 1.7478a + 1.6013a + 1.4068a + 1.3152a + 0.9918a + Approx- 72.0 71.105 − 69.727 68.986 63.902 imate expres- sion HFO- −0.026a² + 0.02a² + −0.0135a² + −0.0111a² + −0.0061a² − 1123 0..7478a + 0..6013a + 0.4068a + 0.3152a + 0.0082a + Approx- 28.0 28.895 30.273 31.014 36.098 imate expres- sion R1234yf 0 0 0 0 0 Approx- imate expres- sion

TABLE 106 Item 11.1 ≥ R32 > 0 18.2 ≥ R32 ≥ 11.1 26.7 ≥ R32 ≥ 18.2 36.7 ≥ R32 ≥ 26.7 46.7 ≥ R32 ≥ 36.7 R32 0 7.1 11.1 11.1 14.5 18.2 18.2 21.9 26.7 26.7 29.3 36.7 36.7 44.1 47.8 HFO- 72.0 60.9 55.8 55.8 52.1 48.6 48.6 45.4 41.8 41.8 40.0 35.7 35.7 32.0 30.4 1132(E) HFO- 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1123 R1234yf 28.0 32.0 33.1 33.1 33.4 33.2 33.2 32.7 31.5 31.5 30.7 23.6 23.6 23.5 21.8 R32 a a a x x HFO- 0.026a² − 0.02a² − 0.0135a² − 0.0111a² − 0.0061a² − 1132(E) 1.7478a + 72.0 1.6013a + 71.105 1.4068a + 69.727 1.3152a + 68.986 0.9918a + 63.902 Approx- imate expres- sion HFO- 0 0 0 0 0 1123 Approx- imate expres- sion R1234yf −0.026a² + −0.02a² + −0.0135a² + −0.0111a² + −0.0061a² − Approxi- 0.7478a + 28.0 0.6013a + 28.895 0.4068a + 30.273 0.3152a + 31.014 0.0082a + 36.098 mate expres- sion

-   -   The results in Tables 101 to 104 indicate that the refrigerant         is determined to have a WCFF lower flammability, and the         flammability classification according to the ASHRAE Standard is         “2L (flammability)” in the following cases:     -   When the mass % of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, R1234yf, and R32 based         on their sum in the mixed refrigerant of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123,         R1234yf, and R32 is respectively represented by x, y, z, and a,         in a ternary composition diagram in which the sum of         HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R1234yf is (100−a) mass % and a         straight line connecting a point (0.0, 100.0−a, 0.0) and a point         (0.0, 0.0, 100.0−a) is the base, if 0<a<11.1, coordinates         (x,y,z) in the ternary composition diagram are on or below a         straight line JK′ that connects point J (0.0049a²−0.9645a+47.1,         −0.0049a²−0.0355a+52.9, 0.0) and point K′(0.0514a²−2.4353a+61.7,         −0.0323a²+0.4122a+5.9, −0.0191a²+1.0231a+32.4); if 11.1<a≤18.2,         coordinates are on a straight line JK′ that connects point J         (0.0243a²−1.4161a+49.725, −0.0243a²+0.4161a+50.275, 0.0) and         point K′(0.0341a²−2.1977a+61.187, −0.0236a²+0.34a+5.636,         −0.0105a²+0.8577a+33.177); if 18.2<a<26.7, coordinates are on or         below a straight line JK′ that connects point J         (0.0246a²−1.4476a+50.184, −0.0246a²+0.4476a+49.816, 0.0) and         point K′ (0.0196a²−1.7863a+58.515, −0.0079a²−0.1136a+8.702,         −0.0117a²+0.8999a+32.783); if 26.7<a<36.7, coordinates are on or         below a straight line JK′ that connects point J         (0.0183a²−1.1399a+46.493, −0.0183a²+0.1399a+53.507, 0.0) and         point K′(−0.0051a²+0.0929a+25.95, 0.0, 0.0051a²−1.0929a+74.05);         and if 36.7<a≤46.7, coordinates are on or below a straight line         JK′ that connects point J (−0.0134a²+1.0956a+7.13,         0.0134a²−2.0956a+92.87, 0.0) and point K′(−1.892a+29.443, 0.0,         0.892a+70.557).     -   Actual points having a WCFF lower flammability form a curved         line that connects point J and point K′ (on the straight line         AB) in FIG. 3 and extends toward the HFO-1132(E) side.         Accordingly, when coordinates are on or below the straight line         JK′, WCFF lower flammability is achieved.     -   Three points corresponding to point J (Table 107) and point K′         (Table 108) were individually obtained in each of the following         five ranges by calculation, and their approximate expressions         were obtained.

TABLE 107 Item 1.1 ≥ R32 > 0 18.2 ≥ R32 ≥ 11.1 26.7 ≥ R32 ≥ 18.2 36.7 ≥ R32 > 26.7 47.8 ≥ R32 ≥ 36.7 R32 0 7.1 11.1 11.1 14.5 18.2 18.2 21.9 26.7 26.7 29.3 36.7 36.7 44.1 47.8 HFO- 47.1 40.5 37 37.0 34.3 32.0 32.0 30.3 29.1 29.1 28.8 29.3 29.3 29.4 28.9 1132(E) HFO- 52.9 52.4 51.9 51.9 51.2 49.8 49.8 47.8 44.2 44.2 41.9 34.0 34.0 26.5 23.3 1123 R1234yf 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 R32 a a a a a HFO- 0.0049a2 − 0.0243a2 − 0.0246a2 − 0.0183a2 − −0.0134a2 + 1132(E) 0.9645a + 47.1 1.4161a + 49.725 1.4476a + 50.184 1.1399a + 46.493 1.0956a + 7.13 Approx- imate expres- sion HFO- −0.0049a2 − −0.0243a2 + −0.0246a2 + −0.0183a2 + 0.0134a2 − 1123 0.0355a + 52.9 0.4161a + 50.275 0.4476a + 49.816 0.1399a + 53.507 2.0956a + 92.87 Approx- imate expres- sion R1234yf Approx- 0 0 0 0 0 imate expres- sion

TABLE 108 Item 11.1 ≥ R32 > 0 18.2 ≥ R32 ≥ 11.1 26.7 ≥ R32 ≥ 18.2 36.7 ≥ R32 ≥ 26.7 46.7 ≥ R32 ≥ 36.7 R32 0 7.1 11.1 11.1 14.5 18.2 18.2 21.9 26.7 26.7 29.3 36.7 36.7 44.1 47.8 HFO- 61.7 47.0 41.0 41.0 36.5 32.5 32.5 28.8 24.8 24.8 24.3 22.5 22.5 21.1 20.4 1132(E) HFO- 5.9 7.2 6.5 6.5 5.6 4.0 4.0 2.4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1123 R1234yf 32.4 38.7 41.4 41.4 43.4 45.3 45.3 46.9 48.5 48.5 46.4 40.8 40.8 34.8 31.8 R32 x x x x x HFO- 0.0514a² − 0.0341a² − 0.0196a² − −0.0051a2 − −1.892a + 1132(E) 2.4353a + 61.7 2.1977a + 61.187 1.7863a + 58.515 0.0929a + 25.95 29.443 Approx- imate expres- sion HFO- −0.0323a² + −0.0236a² + −0.0079a² − 0 0 1123 0.4122a + 5.9 0.34a + 5.636 0.1136a + 8.702 Approx- imate expres- sion R1234yf −0.0191a² + −0.0105a² + −0.0117a² + 0.0051a² − 0.892a + Approx- 1.0231a + 32.4 0.8577a + 33.177 0.8999a + 32.783 1.0929a + 74.05 70.557 imate expres- sion

-   -   FIGS. 3 to 13 show compositions whose R32 content a (mass %) is         0 mass %, 7.1 mass %, 11.1 mass %, 14.5 mass %, 18.2 mass %,         21.9 mass %, 26.7 mass %, 29.3 mass %, 36.7 mass %, 44.1 mass %,         and 47.8 mass %, respectively.     -   Points A, B, C, and D′ were obtained in the following manner         according to approximate calculation.     -   Point A is a point where the content of HFO-1123 is 0 mass %,         and a refrigerating capacity ratio of 85% relative to that of         R410A is achieved. Three points corresponding to point A were         obtained in each of the following five ranges by calculation,         and their approximate expressions were obtained (Table 109).

TABLE 109 Item 11.1 ≥ R32 > 0 18.2 ≥ R32 ≥ 11.1 26.7 ≥ R32 ≥ 18.2 36.7 ≥ R32 ≥ 26.7 46.7 ≥ R32 ≥ 36.7 R32 0 7.1 11.1 11.1 14.5 18.2 18.2 21.9 26.7 26.7 29.3 36.7 36.7 44.1 47.8 HFO- 68.6 55.3 48.4 48.4 42.8 37 37 31.5 24.8 24.8 21.3 12.1 12.1 3.8 0 1132(E) HFO- 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1123 R1234yf 31.4 37.6 40.5 40.5 42.7 44.8 44.8 46.6 48.5 48.5 49.4 51.2 51.2 52.1 52.2 R32 a a a a a HFO- 0.0134a² − 0.0112a² − 0.0107a² − 0.0103a² − 0.0085a² − 1132(E) 1.9681a + 68.6 1.9337a + 68.484 1.9142a + 68.305 1.9225a + 68.793 1.8102a + 67.1 Approx- imate expres- sion HFO- 0 0 0 0 0 1123 Approx- imate expres- sion R1234yf −0.0134a² + −0.0112a² + −0.0107a² + −0.0103a² + −0.0085a² + Approx- 0.9681a + 31.4 0.9337a + 31.516 0.9142a + 31.695 0.9225a + 31..207 0.8102a + 32.9 imate expres- sion

-   -   Point B is a point where the content of HFO-1132(E) is 0 mass %,         and a refrigerating capacity ratio of 85% relative to that of         R410A is achieved.     -   Three points corresponding to point B were obtained in each of         the following five ranges by calculation, and their approximate         expressions were obtained (Table 110).

TABLE 110 Item 11.1 ≥ R32 > 0 18.2 ≥ R32 ≥ 11.1 26.7 ≥ R32 ≥ 18.2 36.7 ≥R32 ≥26.7 46.7 ≥R32 ≥36.7 R32 0 7.1 11.1 11.1 14.5 18.2 18.2 21.9 26.7 26.7 29.3 36.7 36.7 44.1 47.8 HFO- 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1132(E) HFO- 58.7 47.8 42.3 42.3 37.8 33.1 33.1 28.5 22.9 22.9 19.9 11.7 11.8 3.9 0 1123 R1234yf 41.3 45.1 46.6 46.6 47.7 48.7 48.7 49.6 50.4 50.4 50.8 51.6 51.5 52.0 52.2 R32 a a a a a HFO- 0 0 0 0 1132(E) Approx- 0 imate expres- sion HFO- 0.0144a² − 0.0075a² − 0.009a² − 0.0046a² − 0.0012a² − 1123 1.6377a + 58.7 1.5156a + 58.199 1.6045a + 59.318 1.41a + 57.286 1.1659a + 52.95 Approx- imate expres- sion R1234yf −0.0144a² + −0.0075a² + −0.009a² + −0.0046a² + −0.0012a² + Approx- 0.6377a + 41.3 0.5156a + 41.801 0.6045a + 40.682 0.41a + 42.714 0.1659a + 47.05 imate expres- sion

-   -   Point D′ is a point where the content of HFO-1132(E) is 0 mass         %, and a COP ratio of 95.5% relative to that of R410A is         achieved.     -   Three points corresponding to point D′ were obtained in each of         the following by calculation, and their approximate expressions         were obtained (Table 111).

TABLE 111 Item 11.1 ≥ R32 > 0 R32 0 7.1 11.1 HFO-1132(E) 0 0 0 HFO-1123 75.4 83.4 88.9 R1234yf 24.6 9.5 0 R32 a HFO-1132(E) 0 Approximate expression HFO-1123  0.0224a² + 0.968a + 75.4 Approximate expression R1234yf −0.0224a² − 1.968a + 24.6 Approximate expression

-   -   Point C is a point where the content of R1234yf is 0 mass %, and         a COP ratio of 95.5% relative to that of R410A is achieved.     -   Three points corresponding to point C were obtained in each of         the following by calculation, and their approximate expressions         were obtained (Table 112).

TABLE 112 Item 11.1 ≥ R32 > 0 R32 0 7.1 11.1 HFO-1132(E) 32.9 18.4 0 HFO-1123 67.1 74.5 88.9 R1234yf 0 0 0 R32 a HFO-1132(E) −0.2304a² − 0.4062a + 32.9 Approximate expression HFO-1123  0.2304a² − 0.5938a + 67.1 Approximate expression R1234yf 0 Approximate expression

(5-4) Refrigerant D

-   -   The refrigerant D according to the present disclosure is a mixed         refrigerant comprising trans-1,2-difluoroethylene (HFO-1132(E)),         difluoromethane (R32), and 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoro-1-propene         (R1234yf).     -   The refrigerant D according to the present disclosure has         various properties that are desirable as an R410A-alternative         refrigerant; i.e., a refrigerating capacity equivalent to that         of R410A, a sufficiently low GWP, and a lower flammability         (Class 2L) according to the ASHRAE standard.     -   The refrigerant D according to the present disclosure is         preferably a refrigerant wherein     -   when the mass % of HFO-1132(E), R32, and R1234yf based on their         sum is respectively represented by x, y, and z, coordinates         (x,y,z) in a ternary composition diagram in which the sum of         HFO-1132(E), R32, and R1234yf is 100 mass % are within the range         of a figure surrounded by line segments IJ, JN, NE, and EI that         connect the following 4 points:         point I (72.0, 0.0, 28.0),         point J (48.5, 18.3, 33.2),         point N (27.7, 18.2, 54.1), and         point E (58.3, 0.0, 41.7),         or on these line segments (excluding the points on the line         segment EI);     -   the line segment I is represented by coordinates         (0.0236y²−1.7616y+72.0, y, −0.0236y²+0.7616y+28.0);     -   the line segment NE is represented by coordinates         (0.012y²−1.9003y+58.3, y, −0.012y²+0.9003y+41.7); and     -   the line segments JN and EI are straight lines. When the         requirements above are satisfied, the refrigerant according to         the present disclosure has a refrigerating capacity ratio of 80%         or more relative to R410A, a GWP of 125 or less, and a WCF lower         flammability.     -   The refrigerant D according to the present disclosure is         preferably a refrigerant wherein     -   when the mass % of HFO-1132(E), R32, and R1234yf based on their         sum is respectively represented by x, y, and z, coordinates         (x,y,z) in a ternary composition diagram in which the sum of         HFO-1132(E), R32, and R1234yf is 100 mass % are within the range         of a figure surrounded by line segments MM′, M′N, NV, VG, and GM         that connect the following 5 points:         point M (52.6, 0.0, 47.4),         point M′ (39.2, 5.0, 55.8),         point N (27.7, 18.2, 54.1),         point V (11.0, 18.1, 70.9), and         point G (39.6, 0.0, 60.4),         or on these line segments (excluding the points on the line         segment GM);     -   the line segment MM′ is represented by coordinates         (0.132y²−3.34y+52.6, y, −0.132y²+2.34y+47.4);     -   the line segment M′N is represented by coordinates         (0.0596y²−2.2541y+48.98, y, −0.0596y²+1.2541y+51.02);     -   the line segment VG is represented by coordinates         (0.0123y²−1.8033y+39.6, y, −0.0123y²+0.8033y+60.4); and     -   the line segments NV and GM are straight lines. When the         requirements above are satisfied, the refrigerant according to         the present disclosure has a refrigerating capacity ratio of 70%         or more relative to R410A, a GWP of 125 or less, and an ASHRAE         lower flammability.     -   The refrigerant D according to the present disclosure is         preferably a refrigerant wherein     -   when the mass % of HFO-1132(E), R32, and R1234yf based on their         sum is respectively represented by x, y, and z, coordinates         (x,y,z) in a ternary composition diagram in which the sum of         HFO-1132(E), R32, and R1234yf is 100 mass % are within the range         of a figure surrounded by line segments ON, NU, and UO that         connect the following 3 points:         point O (22.6, 36.8, 40.6),         point N (27.7, 18.2, 54.1), and         point U (3.9, 36.7, 59.4),         or on these line segments;     -   the line segment ON is represented by coordinates         (0.0072y²−0.6701y+37.512, y, −0.0072y²−0.3299y+62.488);     -   the line segment NU is represented by coordinates         (0.0083y²−1.7403y+56.635, y, −0.0083y²+0.7403y+43.365); and     -   the line segment UO is a straight line. When the requirements         above are satisfied, the refrigerant according to the present         disclosure has a refrigerating capacity ratio of 80% or more         relative to R410A, a GWP of 250 or less, and an ASHRAE lower         flammability.     -   The refrigerant D according to the present disclosure is         preferably a refrigerant wherein     -   when the mass % of HFO-1132(E), R32, and R1234yf based on their         sum is respectively represented by x, y, and z, coordinates         (x,y,z) in a ternary composition diagram in which the sum of         HFO-1132(E), R32, and R1234yf is 100 mass % are within the range         of a figure surrounded by line segments QR, RT, TL, LK, and KQ         that connect the following 5 points:         point Q (44.6, 23.0, 32.4),         point R (25.5, 36.8, 37.7),         point T (8.6, 51.6, 39.8),         point L (28.9, 51.7, 19.4), and         point K (35.6, 36.8, 27.6),         or on these line segments;     -   the line segment QR is represented by coordinates         (0.0099y²−1.975y+84.765, y, −0.0099y²+0.975y+15.235);     -   the line segment RT is represented by coordinates         (0.0082y²−1.8683y+83.126, y, −0.0082y²+0.8683y+16.874);     -   the line segment LK is represented by coordinates         (0.0049y²−0.8842y+61.488, y, −0.0049y²−0.1158y+38.512);     -   the line segment KQ is represented by coordinates         (0.0095y²−1.2222y+67.676, y, −0.0095y²+0.2222y+32.324); and     -   the line segment TL is a straight line. When the requirements         above are satisfied, the refrigerant according to the present         disclosure has a refrigerating capacity ratio of 92.5% or more         relative to R410A, a GWP of 350 or less, and a WCF lower         flammability.     -   The refrigerant D according to the present disclosure is         preferably a refrigerant wherein     -   when the mass % of HFO-1132(E), R32, and R1234yf based on their         sum is respectively represented by x, y, and z, coordinates         (x,y,z) in a ternary composition diagram in which the sum of         HFO-1132(E), R32, and R1234yf is 100 mass % are within the range         of a figure surrounded by line segments PS, ST, and TP that         connect the following 3 points:         point P (20.5, 51.7, 27.8),         point S (21.9, 39.7, 38.4), and         point T (8.6, 51.6, 39.8),         or on these line segments;     -   the line segment PS is represented by coordinates         (0.0064y²−0.7103y+40.1, y, −0.0064y²−0.2897y+59.9);     -   the line segment ST is represented by coordinates         (0.0082y²−1.8683y+83.126, y, −0.0082y²+0.8683y+16.874); and     -   the line segment TP is a straight line. When the requirements         above are satisfied, the refrigerant according to the present         disclosure has a refrigerating capacity ratio of 92.5% or more         relative to R410A, a GWP of 350 or less, and an ASHRAE lower         flammability.     -   The refrigerant D according to the present disclosure is         preferably a refrigerant wherein     -   when the mass % of HFO-1132(E), R32, and R1234yf based on their         sum is respectively represented by x, y, and z, coordinates         (x,y,z) in a ternary composition diagram in which the sum of         HFO-1132(E), R32, and R1234yf is 100 mass % are within the range         of a figure surrounded by line segments ac, cf, fd, and da that         connect the following 4 points:         point a (71.1, 0.0, 28.9),         point c (36.5, 18.2, 45.3),         point f (47.6, 18.3, 34.1), and         point d (72.0, 0.0, 28.0),         or on these line segments;     -   the line segment ac is represented by coordinates         (0.0181y²−2.2288y+71.096, y, −0.0181y²+1.2288y+280.904);     -   the line segment fd is represented by coordinates         (0.02y²−1.7y+72, y, −0.02y²+0.7y+28); and     -   the line segments cf and da are straight lines. When the         requirements above are satisfied, the refrigerant according to         the present disclosure has a refrigerating capacity ratio of 85%         or more relative to R410A, a GWP of 125 or less, and a lower         flammability (Class 2L) according to the ASHRAE standard.     -   The refrigerant D according to the present disclosure is         preferably a refrigerant wherein     -   when the mass % of HFO-1132(E), R32, and R1234yf based on their         sum is respectively represented by x, y, and z, coordinates         (x,y,z) in a ternary composition diagram in which the sum of         HFO-1132(E), R32, and R1234yf is 100 mass % are within the range         of a figure surrounded by line segments ab, be, ed, and da that         connect the following 4 points:         point a (71.1, 0.0, 28.9),         point b (42.6, 14.5, 42.9),         point e (51.4, 14.6, 34.0), and         point d (72.0, 0.0, 28.0),         or on these line segments;     -   the line segment ab is represented by coordinates         (0.0181y²−2.2288y+71.096, y, −0.0181y²+1.2288y+28.904);     -   the line segment ed is represented by coordinates         (0.02y²−1.7y+72, y, −0.02y²+0.7y+28); and     -   the line segments be and da are straight lines. When the         requirements above are satisfied, the refrigerant according to         the present disclosure has a refrigerating capacity ratio of 85%         or more relative to R410A, a GWP of 100 or less, and a lower         flammability (Class 2L) according to the ASHRAE standard.     -   The refrigerant D according to the present disclosure is         preferably a refrigerant wherein     -   when the mass % of HFO-1132(E), R32, and R1234yf based on their         sum is respectively represented by x, y, and z, coordinates         (x,y,z) in a ternary composition diagram in which the sum of         HFO-1132(E), R32, and R1234yf is 100 mass % are within the range         of a figure surrounded by line segments gi, ij, and jg that         connect the following 3 points:         point g (77.5, 6.9, 15.6),         point i (55.1, 18.3, 26.6), and         point j (77.5. 18.4, 4.1),         or on these line segments;     -   the line segment gi is represented by coordinates         (0.02y²−2.4583y+93.396, y, −0.02y²+1.4583y+6.604); and     -   the line segments ij and jg are straight lines. When the         requirements above are satisfied, the refrigerant according to         the present disclosure has a refrigerating capacity ratio of 95%         or more relative to R410A and a GWP of 100 or less, undergoes         fewer or no changes such as polymerization or decomposition, and         also has excellent stability.     -   The refrigerant D according to the present disclosure is         preferably a refrigerant wherein     -   when the mass % of HFO-1132(E), R32, and R1234yf based on their         sum is respectively represented by x, y, and z, coordinates         (x,y,z) in a ternary composition diagram in which the sum of         HFO-1132(E), R32, and R1234yf is 100 mass % are within the range         of a figure surrounded by line segments gh, hk, and kg that         connect the following 3 points:         point g (77.5, 6.9, 15.6),         point h (61.8, 14.6, 23.6), and         point k (77.5, 14.6, 7.9),         or on these line segments;     -   the line segment gh is represented by coordinates         (0.02y²−2.4583y+93.396, y, −0.02y²+1.4583y+6.604); and     -   the line segments hk and kg are straight lines. When the         requirements above are satisfied, the refrigerant according to         the present disclosure has a refrigerating capacity ratio of 95%         or more relative to R410A and a GWP of 100 or less, undergoes         fewer or no changes such as polymerization or decomposition, and         also has excellent stability.     -   The refrigerant D according to the present disclosure may         further comprise other additional refrigerants in addition to         HFO-1132(E), R32, and R1234yf, as long as the above properties         and effects are not impaired. In this respect, the refrigerant         according to the present disclosure preferably comprises         HFO-1132(E), R32, and R1234yf in a total amount of 99.5 mass %         or more, more preferably 99.75 mass % or more, and still more         preferably 99.9 mass % or more based on the entire refrigerant.     -   Such additional refrigerants are not limited, and can be         selected from a wide range of refrigerants. The mixed         refrigerant may comprise a single additional refrigerant, or two         or more additional refrigerants.

(Examples of Refrigerant D)

-   -   The present disclosure is described in more detail below with         reference to Examples of refrigerant D. However, the refrigerant         D is not limited to the Examples.     -   The composition of each mixed refrigerant of HFO-1132(E), R32,         and R1234yf was defined as WCF. A leak simulation was performed         using the NIST Standard Reference Database REFLEAK Version 4.0         under the conditions of Equipment, Storage, Shipping, Leak, and         Recharge according to the ASHRAE Standard 34-2013. The most         flammable fraction was defined as WCFF.     -   A burning velocity test was performed using the apparatus shown         in FIG. 1 in the following manner. First, the mixed refrigerants         used had a purity of 99.5% or more, and were degassed by         repeating a cycle of freezing, pumping, and thawing until no         traces of air were observed on the vacuum gauge. The burning         velocity was measured by the closed method. The initial         temperature was ambient temperature. Ignition was performed by         generating an electric spark between the electrodes in the         center of a sample cell. The duration of the discharge was 1.0         to 9.9 ms, and the ignition energy was typically about 0.1 to         1.0 J. The spread of the flame was visualized using schlieren         photographs. A cylindrical container (inner diameter: 155 mm,         length: 198 mm) equipped with two light transmission acrylic         windows was used as the sample cell, and a xenon lamp was used         as the light source. Schlieren images of the flame were recorded         by a high-speed digital video camera at a frame rate of 600 fps         and stored on a PC. Tables 113 to 115 show the results.

TABLE 113 Compar- ative Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- ple Exam- ple Exam- ple ple 13 ple 12 ple 14 ple 16 Item Unit I 11 J 13 K 15 L WCF HFO- Mass % 72 57.2 48.5 41.2 35.6 32 28.9 1132 (E) R32 Mass % 0 10 18.3 27.6 36.8 44.2 51.7 R1234yf Mass % 28 32.8 33.2 31.2 27.6 23.8 19.4 Burning cm/s 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 Velocity (WCF)

TABLE 114 Compar- ative Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- ple Exam- ple Exam- ple 14 ple 19 ple 21 ple Item Unit M 18 W 20 N 22 WCF HFO-1132 Mass % 52.6 39.2 32.4 29.3 27.7 24.6 (E) R32 Mass % 0.0 5.0 10.0 14.5 18.2 27.6 R1234yf Mass % 47.4 55.8 57.6 56.2 54.1 47.8 Leak condition Storage, Storage, Storage, Storage, Storage, Storage, that Shipping, Shipping, Shipping, Shipping, Shipping, Shipping, results in −40° C., −40° C., −40° C., −40° C., −40° C., −40° C., WCFF 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% release, release, release, release, release, release, on on on on on on the gas the gas the gas the gas the gas the gas phase phase phase phase phase phase side side side side side side WCF HFO-1132 Mass % 72.0 57.8 48.7 43.6 40.6 34.9 (E) R32 Mass % 0.0 9.5 17.9 24.2 28.7 38.1 R1234yf Mass % 28.0 32.7 33.4 32.2 30.7 27.0 Burning cm/s 8 or less 8 or less 8 or less 8 or less 8 or less 8 or less Velocity (WCF) Burning cm/s 10 10 10 10 10 10 Velocity (WCFF)

TABLE 115 Example Example 23 Example 25 Item Unit O 24 P WCF HFO-1132 (E) Mass % 22.6 21.2 20.5 HFO-1123 Mass % 36.8 44.2 51.7 R1234yf Mass % 40.6 34.6 27.8 Leak condition that results Storage, Storage, Storage, in WCFF Shipping, −40° C., Shipping, −40° C., Shipping, −40° C., 0% release, 0% release, 0% release, on the gas on the gas on the gas phase side phase side phase side WCFF HFO-1132 (E) Mass % 31.4 29.2 27.1 HFO-1123 Mass % 45.7 51.1 56.4 R1234yf Mass % 23.0 19.7 16.5 Burning Velocity cm/s 8 or less 8 or less 8 or less (WCF) Burning Velocity cm/s 10   10   10   (WCFF)

-   -   The results indicate that under the condition that the mass % of         HFO-1132(E), R32, and R1234yf based on their sum is respectively         represented by x, y, and z, when coordinates (x,y,z) in the         ternary composition diagram shown in FIG. 14 in which the sum of         HFO-1132(E), R32, and R1234yf is 100 mass % are on the line         segment that connects point I, point J, point K, and point L, or         below these line segments, the refrigerant has a WCF lower         flammability.     -   The results also indicate that when coordinates (x,y,z) in the         ternary composition diagram shown in FIG. 14 are on the line         segments that connect point M, point M′, point W, point J, point         N, and point P, or below these line segments, the refrigerant         has an ASHRAE lower flammability.     -   Mixed refrigerants were prepared by mixing HFO-1132(E), R32, and         R1234yf in amounts (mass %) shown in Tables 116 to 144 based on         the sum of HFO-1132(E), R32, and R1234yf. The coefficient of         performance (COP) ratio and the refrigerating capacity ratio         relative to R410 of the mixed refrigerants shown in Tables 116         to 144 were determined. The conditions for calculation were as         described below.     -   Evaporating temperature: 5° C.     -   Condensation temperature: 45° C.     -   Degree of superheating: 5 K     -   Degree of subcooling: 5 K     -   Compressor efficiency: 70%     -   Tables 116 to 144 show these values together with the GWP of         each mixed refrigerant.

TABLE 116 Compar- Compar- Compar- Compar- Compar- Compar- Compar- ative ative ative ative ative ative ative Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- ple 2 ple 3 ple 4 ple 5 ple 6 ple 7 Item Unit ple 1 A B A′ B′ A″ B″ HFO- Mass % R410A 81.6 0.0 63.1 0.0 48.2 0.0 1132 (E) R32 Mass % 18.4 18.1 36.9 36.7 51.8 51.5 R1234yf Mass % 0.0 81.9 0.0 63.3 0.0 48.5 GWP — 2088 125 125 250 250 350 350 COP % (relative 100 98.7 103.6 98.7 102.3 99.2 102.2 Ratio to R410A) Refriger- % (relative 100 105.3 62.5 109.9 77.5 112.1 87.3 ating to R410A) Capacity Ratio

TABLE 117 Compar- Compar- ative Compar- ative Exam- ative Exam- Exam- Exam- ple 8 Exam- ple 10 Exam- ple 2 Exam- ple 4 Item Unit C ple 9 C ple 1 R ple 3 T HFO- Mass % 85.5 66.1 52.1 37.8 25.5 16.6 8.6 1132 (E) R32 Mass % 0.0 10.0 18.2 27.6 36.8 44.2 51.6 R1234yf Mass % 14.5 23.9 29.7 34.6 37.7 39.2 39.8 GWP — 1 69 125 188 250 300 350 COP % (relative 99.8 99.3 99.3 99.6 100.2 100.8 101.4 Ratio to R410A) Refriger- % (relative 92.5 92.5 92.5 92.5 92.5 92.5 92.5 ating to R410A) Capacity Ratio

TABLE 118 Compar- Compar- ative ative Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- Exam- ple 11 Exam- ple 6 Exam- ple 8 ple 12 Exam- ple 10 Item Unit E ple 5 N ple 7 U G ple 9 V HFO- Mass % 58.3 40.5 27.7 14.9 3.9 39.6 22.8 11.0 1132 (E) R32 Mass % 0.0 10.0 18.2 27.6 36.7 0.0 10.0 18.1 R1234yf Mass % 41.7 49.5 54.1 57.5 59.4 60.4 67.2 70.9 GWP — 2 70 125 189 250 3 70 125 COP % (relative 100.3 100.3 100.7 101.2 101.9 101.4 101.8 102.3 Ratio to R410A) Refriger- % (relative 80.0 80.0 80.0 80.0 80.0 70.0 70.0 70.0 ating to R410A) Capacity Ratio

TABLE 119 Comparative Example 13 Example 12 Example 14 Example 16 Example 17 Item Unit I Example 11 J Example 13 K Example 15 L Q HFO-1132(E) Mass % 72.0 57.2 48.5 41.2 35.6 32.0 28.9 44.6 R32 Mass % 0.0 10.0 18.3 27.6 36.8 44.2 51.7 23.0 R1234yf Mass % 28.0 32.8 33.2 31.2 27.6 23.8 19.4 32.4 GWP — 2 69 125 188 250 300 350 157 COP Ratio % (relative to 99.9 99.5 99.4 99.5 99.6 99.8 100.1 99.4 R410A) Refrigerating % (relative to Capacity R410A) 86.6 88.4 90.9 94.2 97.7 100.5 103.3 92.5 Ratio

TABLE 120 Comparative Example 14 Example 19 Example 21 Item Unit M Example 18 W Example 20 N Example 22 HFO-1132(E) Mass % 52.6 39.2 32.4 29.3 27.7 24.5 R32 Mass % 0.0 5.0 10.0 14.5 18.2 27.6 R1234yf Mass % 47.4 55.8 57.6 56.2 54.1 47.9 GWP — 2 36 70 100 125 188 COP Ratio % (relative to 100.5 100.9 100.9 100.8 100.7 100.4 R410A) Refrigerating Capacity % (relative to 77.1 74.8 75.6 77.8 80.0 85.5 Ratio R410A)

TABLE 121 Example Example Example 23 Example 25 26 Item Unit O 24 P S HFO-1132(E) Mass % 22.6 21.2 20.5 21.9 R32 Mass % 36.8 44.2 51.7 39.7 R1234yf Mass % 40.6 34.6 27.8 38.4 GWP — 250 300 350 270 COP Ratio % (relative 100.4 100.5 100.6 100.4 to R410A) Refrigerating % (relative 91.0 95.0 99.1 92.5 Capacity Ratio to R410A)

TABLE 122 Comparative Comparative Comparative Comparative Comparative Comparative Item Unit Example 15 Example 16 Example 17 Example 18 Example 27 Example 28 Example 19 Example 20 HFO-1132(E) Mass % 10.0 20.0 30.0 40.0 50.0 60.0 70.0 80.0 R32 Mass % 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 R1234yf Mass % 85.0 75.0 65.0 55.0 45.0 35.0 25.0 15.0 GWP — 37 37 37 36 36 36 35 35 COP Ratio % (relative to 103.4 102.6 101.6 100.8 100.2 99.8 99.6 99.4 R410A) Refrigerating % (relativie to 56.4 63.3 69.5 75.2 80.5 85.4 90.1 94.4 Capacity R410A) Ratio

TABLE 123 Comparative Comparative Comparative Comparative Comparative Comparativie Item Unit Example 21 Example 22 Example 29 Example 23 Example 30 Example 24 Example 25 Example 26 HFO-1132(E) Mass % 10.0 20.0 30.0 40.0 50.0 60.0 70.0 80.0 R32 Mass % 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 R1234yf Mass % 80.0 70.0 60.0 50.0 40.0 30.0 20.0 10.0 GWP — 71 71 70 70 70 69 69 69 COP Ratio % (relative to 103.1 102.1 101.1 100.4 99.8 99.5 99.2 99.1 R410A) Refrigerating % (relative to 61.8 68.3 74.3 79.7 84.9 89.7 94.2 98.4 Capacity R410A) Ratio

TABLE 124 Comparative Comparative Comparative Comparative Comparative Item Unit Example 27 Example 31 Example 28 Example 32 Example 33 Example 29 Example 30 Example 31 HFO-1132(E) Mass % 10.0 20.0 30.0 40.0 50.0 60.0 70.0 80.0 R32 Mass % 15.0 15.0 15.0 15.0 15.0 15.0 15.0 15.0 R1234yf Mass % 75.0 65.0 55.0 45.0 35.0 25.0 15.0 5.0 GWP — 104 104 104 103 103 103 103 102 COP Ratio % (relative to 102.7 101.6 100.7 100.0 99.5 99.2 99.0 98.9 R410A) Refrigerating % (relative to 66.6 72.9 78.6 84.0 89.0 93.7 98.1 102.2 Capacity R410A) Ratio

TABLE 125 Comparative Comparative Comparative Comparative Comparative Comparative Comparative Comparative Item Unit Example 32 Example 33 Example 34 Example 35 Example 36 Example 37 Example 38 Example 39 HFO-1132(E) Mass % 10.0 20.0 30.0 40.0 50.0 60.0 70.0 10.0 R32 Mass % 20.0 20.0 20.0 20.0 20.0 20.0 20.0 25.0 R1234yf Mass % 70.0 60.0 50.0 40.0 30.0 20.0 10.0 65.0 GWP — 138 138 137 137 137 136 136 171 COP Ratio % (relative to 102.3 101.2 100.4 99.7 99.3 99.0 98.8 101.9 R410A) Refrigerating % (relative to 71.0 77.1 82.7 88.0 92.9 97.5 101.7 75.0 Capacity R410A) Ratio

TABLE 126 Comparative Comparative Comparative Comparative Comparative Comparative Item Unit Example 34 Example 40 Example 41 Example 42 Example 43 Example 44 Example 45 Example 35 HFO-1132(E) Mass % 20.0 30.0 40.0 50.0 60.0 70.0 10.0 20.0 R32 Mass % 25.0 25.0 25.0 25.0 25.0 25.0 30.0 30.0 R1234yf Mass % 55.0 45.0 35.0 25.0 15.0 5.0 60.0 50.0 GWP — 171 171 171 170 170 170 205 205 COP Ratio % (relative to 100.9 100.1 99.6 99.2 98.9 98.7 101.6 100.7 R410A) Refrigerating % (relative to 81.0 86.6 91.7 96.5 101.0 105.2 78.9 84.8 Capacity R410A) Ratio

TABLE 127 Comparative Comparative Comparative Comparative Comparative Item Unit Example 46 Example 47 Example 48 Example 49 Example 36 Example 37 Example 38 Example 50 HFO-1132(E) Mass % 30.0 40.0 50.0 60.0 10.0 20.0 30.0 40.0 R32 Mass % 30.0 30.0 30.0 30.0 35.0 35.0 35.0 35.0 R1234yf Mass % 40.0 30.0 20.0 10.0 55.0 45.0 35.0 25.0 GWP — 204 204 204 204 239 238 238 238 COP Ratio % (relative to 100.0 99.5 99.1 98.8 101.4 100.6 99.9 99.4 R410A) Refrigerating % (relative to 90.2 95.3 100.0 104.4 82.5 88.3 93.7 98.6 Capacity R410A) Ratio

TABLE 128 Comparative Comparative Comparative Comparative Comparative Comparative Comparative Item Unit Example 51 Example 52 Example 53 Example 54 Example 39 Example 55 Example 56 Example 57 HFO-1132(E) Mass % 50.0 60.0 10.0 20.0 30.0 40.0 50.0 10.0 R32 Mass % 35.0 35.0 40.0 40.0 40.0 40.0 40.0 45.0 R1234yf Mass % 15.0 5.0 50.0 40.0 30.0 20.0 10.0 45.0 GWP — 237 237 272 272 272 271 271 306 COP Ratio % (relative to 99.0 98.8 101.3 100.6 99.9 99.4 99.0 101.3 R410A) Refrigerating % (relative to 103.2 107.5 86.0 91.7 96.9 101.8 106.3 89.3 Capacity R410A) Ratio

TABLE 129 Comparative Comparative Comparative Comparative Comparative Item Unit Example 40 Example 41 Example 58 Example 59 Example 60 Example 42 Example 61 Example 62 HFO-1132(E) Mass % 20.0 30.0 40.0 50.0 10.0 20.0 30.0 40.0 R32 Mass % 45.0 45.0 45.0 45.0 50.0 50.0 50.0 50.0 R1234yf Mass % 35.0 25.0 15.0 5.0 40.0 30.0 20.0 10.0 GWP — 305 305 305 304 339 339 339 338 COP Ratio % (relative to 100.6 100.0 99.5 99.1 101.3 100.6 100.0 99.5 R410A) Refrigerating % (relative to 94.9 100.0 104.7 109.2 92.4 97.8 102.9 107.5 Capacity R410A) Ratio

TABLE 130 Comparative Comparative Comparative Comparative Item Unit Example 63 Example 64 Example 65 Example 66 Example 43 Example 44 Example 45 Example 46 HFO-1132(E) Mass % 10.0 20.0 30.0 40.0 56.0 59.0 62.0 65.0 R32 Mass % 55.0 55.0 55.0 55.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 R1234yf Mass % 35.0 25.0 15.0 5.0 41.0 38.0 35.0 32.0 GWP — 373 372 372 372 22 22 22 22 COP Ratio % (relative to 101.4 100.7 100.1 99.6 100.1 100.0 99.9 99.8 R410A) Refrigerating % (relative to 95.3 100.6 105.6 110.2 81.7 83.2 84.6 86.0 Capacity R410A) Ratio

TABLE 131 Item Unit Example 47 Example 48 Example 49 Example 50 Example 51 Example 52 Example 53 Example 54 HFO-1132(E) Mass % 49.0 52.0 55.0 58.0 61.0 43.0 46.0 49.0 R32 Mass % 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.0 9.0 9.0 9.0 R1234yf Mass % 45.0 42.0 39.0 36.0 33.0 48.0 45.0 42.0 GWP — 43 43 43 43 42 63 63 63 COP Ratio % (relative to 100.2 100.0 99.9 99.8 99.7 100.3 100.1 99.9 R410A) Refrigerating % (relative to 80.9 82.4 83.9 85.4 86.8 80.4 82.0 83.5 Capacity R410A) Ratio

TABLE 132 Item Unit Example 55 Example 56 Example 57 Example 58 Example 59 Example 60 Example 61 Example 62 HFO-1132(E) Mass % 52.0 55.0 58.0 38.0 41.0 44.0 47.0 50.0 R32 Mass % 9.0 9.0 9.0 12.0 12.0 12.0 12.0 12.0 R1234yf Mass % 39.0 36.0 33.0 50.0 47.0 44.0 41.0 38.0 GWP — 63 63 63 83 83 83 83 83 COP Ratio % (relative to 99.8 99.7 99.6 100.3 100.1 100.0 99.8 99.7 R410A) Refrigerating % (relative to 85.0 86.5 87.9 80.4 82.0 83.5 85.1 86.6 Capacity R410A) Ratio

TABLE 133 Item Unit Example 63 Example 64 Example 65 Example 66 Example 67 Example 68 Example 69 Example 70 HFO-1132(E) Mass % 53.0 33.0 36.0 39.0 42.0 45.0 48.0 51.0 R32 Mass % 12.0 15.0 15.0 15.0 15.0 15.0 15.0 15.0 R1234yf Mass % 35.0 52.0 49.0 46.0 43.0 40.0 37.0 34.0 GWP — 83 104 104 103 103 103 103 103 COP Ratio % (relative to 99.6 100.5 100.3 100.1 99.9 99.7 99.6 99.5 R410A) Refrigerating % (relative to 88.0 80.3 81.9 83.5 85.0 86.5 88.0 89.5 Capacity R410A) Ratio

TABLE 134 Item Unit Example 71 Example 72 Example 73 Example 74 Example 75 Example 76 Example 77 Example 78 HFO-1132(E) Mass % 29.0 32.0 35.0 38.0 41.0 44.0 47.0 36.0 R32 Mass % 18.0 18.0 18.0 18.0 18.0 18.0 18.0 3.0 R1234yf Mass % 53.0 50.0 47.0 44.0 41.0 38.0 35.0 61.0 GWP — 124 124 124 124 124 123 123 23 COP Ratio % (relative to 100.6 100.3 100.1 99.9 99.8 99.6 99.5 101.3 R410A) Refrigerating % (relative to 80.6 82.2 83.8 85.4 86.9 88.4 89.9 71.0 Capacity R410A) Ratio

TABLE 135 Item Unit Example 79 Example 80 Example 81 Example 82 HFO-1132 (E) Mass % 39.0 42.0 30.0 33.0 R32 Mass % 3.0 3.0 6.0 6.0 R1234yf Mass % 58.0 55.0 64.0 61.0 GWP — 23 23 43 43 COP Ratio % (relative to R410A) 101.1 100.9 101.5 101.3 Refrigerating Capacity % (relative to 72.7 74.4 70.5 72.2 Ratio R410A) Example 83 Example 84 Example 85 Example 86 HFO-1132 (E) Mass % 36.0 26.0 29.0 32.0 R32 Mass % 6.0 9.0 9.0 9.0 R1234yf Mass % 58.0 65.0 62.0 59.0 GWP — 43 64 64 63 COP Ratio % (relative to R410A) 101.0 101.6 101.3 101.1 Refrigerating Capacity % (relative to 73.9 71.0 72.8 74.5 Ratio R410A)

TABLE 136 Item Unit Example 87 Example 88 Example 89 Example 90 HFO-1132 (E) Mass % 21.0 24.0 27.0 30.0 R32 Mass % 12.0 12.0 12.0 12.0 R1234yf Mass % 67.0 64.0 61.0 58.0 GWP — 84 84 84 84 COP Ratio % (relative to R410A) 101.8 101.5 101.2 101.0 Refrigerating Capacity % (relative to 70.8 72.6 74.3 76.0 Ratio R410A) Example 91 Example 92 Example 93 Example 94 HFO-1132 (E) Mass % 16.0 19.0 22.0 25.0 R32 Mass % 15.0 15.0 15.0 15.0 R1234yf Mass % 69.0 66.0 63.0 60.0 GWP — 104 104 104 104 COP Ratio % (relative to R410A) 102.1 101.8 101.4 101.2 Refrigerating Capacity % (relative to 70.4 72.3 74.0 75.8 Ratio R410A)

TABLE 137 Item Unit Example 95 Example 96 Example 97 Example 98 HFO-1132 (E) Mass % 28.0 12.0 15.0 18.0 R32 Mass % 15.0 18.0 18.0 18.0 R1234yf Mass % 57.0 70.0 67.0 64.0 GWP — 104 124 124 124 COP Ratio % (relative to R410A) 100.9 102.2 101.9 101.6 Refrigerating Capacity % (relative to 77.5 70.5 72.4 74.2 Ratio R410A) Example 99 Example 100 Example 101 Example 102 HFO-1132 (E) Mass % 21.0 24.0 27.0 25.0 R32 Mass % 18.0 18.0 18.0 21.0 R1234yf Mass % 61.0 58.0 55.0 54.0 GWP — 124 124 124 144 COP Ratio % (relative to R410A) 101.3 101.0 100.7 100.7 Refrigerating Capacity % (relative to 76.0 77.7 79.4 80.7 Ratio R410A)

TABLE 138 Item Unit Example 103 Example 104 Example 105 Example 106 HFO-1132 (E) Mass % 21.0 24.0 17.0 20.0 R32 Mass % 24.0 24.0 27.0 27.0 R1234yf Mass % 55.0 52.0 56.0 53.0 GWP — 164 164 185 185 COP Ratio % (relative to R410A) 100.9 100.6 101.1 100.8 Refrigerating Capacity % (relative to 80.8 82.5 80.8 82.5 Ratio R410A) Example 107 Example 108 Example 109 Example 110 HFO-1132 (E) Mass % 23.0 13.0 16.0 19.0 R32 Mass % 27.0 30.0 30.0 30.0 R1234yf Mass % 50.0 57.0 54.0 51.0 GWP — 184 205 205 205 COP Ratio % (relative to R410A) 100.6 101.3 101.0 100.8 Refrigerating Capacity % (relative to 84.2 80.7 82.5 84.2 Ratio R410A)

TABLE 139 Item Unit Example 111 Example 112 Example 113 Example 114 HFO-1132 (E) Mass % 22.0 9.0 12.0 15.0 R32 Mass % 30.0 33.0 33.0 33.0 R1234yf Mass % 48.0 58.0 55.0 52.0 GWP — 205 225 225 225 COP Ratio % (relative to R410A) 100.5 101.6 101.3 101.0 Refrigerating Capacity % (relative to 85.9 80.5 82.3 84.1 Ratio R410A) Example 115 Example 116 Example 117 Example 118 HFO-1132 (E) Mass % 18.0 21.0 8.0 12.0 R32 Mass % 33.0 33.0 36.0 36.0 R1234yf Mass % 49.0 46.0 56.0 52.0 GWP — 225 225 245 245 COP Ratio % (relative to R410A) 100.8 100.5 101.6 101.2 Refrigerating Capacity % (relative to 85.8 87.5 82.0 84.4 Ratio R410A)

TABLE 140 Item Unit Example 119 Example 120 Example 121 Example 122 HFO-1132 (E) Mass % 15.0 18.0 21.0 42.0 R32 Mass % 36.0 36.0 36.0 25.0 R1234yf Mass % 49.0 46.0 43.0 33.0 GWP — 245 245 245 170 COP Ratio % (relative to R410A) 101.0 100.7 100.5 99.5 Refrigerating Capacity % (relative to 86.2 87.9 89.6 92.7 Ratio R410A) Example 123 Example 124 Example 125 Example 126 HFO-1132 (E) Mass % 39.0 34.0 37.0 30.0 R32 Mass % 28.0 31.0 31.0 34.0 R1234yf Mass % 33.0 35.0 32.0 36.0 GWP — 191 211 211 231 COP Ratio % (relative to R410A) 99.5 99.8 99.6 99.9 Refrigerating Capacity % (relative to 93.4 93.0 94.5 93.0 Ratio R410A)

TABLE 141 Item Unit Example 127 Example 128 Example 129 Example 130 HFO-1132 (E) Mass % 33.0 36.0 24.0 27.0 R32 Mass % 34.0 34.0 37.0 37.0 R1234yf Mass % 33.0 30.0 39.0 36.0 GWP — 231 231 252 251 COP Ratio % (relative to R410A) 99.8 99.6 100.3 100.1 Refrigerating Capacity % (relative to 94.5 96.0 91.9 93.4 Ratio R410A) Example 131 Example 132 Example 133 Example 134 HFO-1132 (E) Mass % 30.0 33.0 23.0 26.0 R32 Mass % 37.0 37.0 40.0 40.0 R1234yf Mass % 33.0 30.0 37.0 34.0 GWP — 251 251 272 272 COP Ratio % (relative to R410A) 99.9 99.8 100.4 100.2 Refrigerating Capacity % (relative to 95.0 96.5 93.3 94.9 Ratio R410A)

TABLE 142 Item Unit Example 135 Example 136 Example 137 Example 138 HFO-1132 (E) Mass % 29.0 32.0 19.0 22.0 R32 Mass % 40.0 40.0 43.0 43.0 R1234yf Mass % 31.0 28.0 38.0 35.0 GWP — 272 271 292 292 COP Ratio % (relative to R410A) 100.0 99.8 100.6 100.4 Refrigerating Capacity % (relative to 96.4 97.9 93.1 94.7 Ratio R410A) Example 139 Example 140 Example 141 Example 142 HFO-1132 (E) Mass % 25.0 28.0 31.0 18.0 R32 Mass % 43.0 43.0 43.0 46.0 R1234yf Mass % 32.0 29.0 26.0 36.0 GWP — 292 292 292 312 COP Ratio % (relative to R410A) 100.2 100.1 99.9 100.7 Refrigerating Capacity % (relative to 96.2 97.8 99.3 94.4 Ratio R410A)

TABLE 143 Item Unit Example 143 Example 144 Example 145 Example 146 HFO-1132 (E) Mass % 21.0 23.0 26.0 29.0 R32 Mass % 46.0 46.0 46.0 46.0 R1234yf Mass % 33.0 31.0 28.0 25.0 GWP — 312 312 312 312 COP Ratio % (relative to R410A) 100.5 100.4 100.2 100.0 Refrigerating Capacity % (relative to 96.0 97.0 98.6 100.1 Ratio R410A) Example 147 Example 148 Example 149 Example 150 HFO-1132 (E) Mass % 13.0 16.0 19.0 22.0 R32 Mass % 49.0 49.0 49.0 49.0 R1234yf Mass % 38.0 35.0 32.0 29.0 GWP — 332 332 332 332 COP Ratio % (relative to R410A) 101.1 100.9 100.7 100.5 Refrigerating Capacity % (relative to 93.5 95.1 96.7 98.3 Ratio R410A)

TABLE 144 Item Unit Example 151 Example 152 HFO-1132(E) Mass % 25.0 28.0 R32 Mass % 49.0 49.0 R1234yf Mass % 26.0 23.0 GWP — 332 332 COP Ratio % (relative 100.3 100.1 to R410A) Refrigerating % (relative 99.8 101.3 Capacity Ratio to R410A)

-   -   The results also indicate that under the condition that the mass         % of HFO-1132(E), R32, and R1234yf based on their sum is         respectively represented by x, y, and z, when coordinates         (x,y,z) in a ternary composition diagram in which the sum of         HFO-1132(E), R32, and R1234yf is 100 mass % are within the range         of a figure surrounded by line segments U, JN, NE, and EI that         connect the following 4 points:         point I (72.0, 0.0, 28.0),         point J (48.5, 18.3, 33.2),         point N (27.7, 18.2, 54.1), and         point E (58.3, 0.0, 41.7),         or on these line segments (excluding the points on the line         segment EI),     -   the line segment U is represented by coordinates         (0.0236y²−1.7616y+72.0, y, −0.0236y²+0.7616y+28.0),     -   the line segment NE is represented by coordinates         (0.012y²−1.9003y+58.3, y, −0.012y²+0.9003y+41.7), and     -   the line segments JN and EI are straight lines, the refrigerant         D has a refrigerating capacity ratio of 80% or more relative to         R410A, a GWP of 125 or less, and a WCF lower flammability.     -   The results also indicate that under the condition that the mass         % of HFO-1132(E), R32, and R1234yf based on their sum is         respectively represented by x, y, and z, when coordinates         (x,y,z) in a ternary composition diagram in which the sum of         HFO-1132(E), R32, and R1234yf is 100 mass % are within the range         of a figure surrounded by line segments MM′, M′N, NV, VG, and GM         that connect the following 5 points:         point M (52.6, 0.0, 47.4),         point M′ (39.2, 5.0, 55.8),         point N (27.7, 18.2, 54.1),         point V (11.0, 18.1, 70.9), and         point G (39.6, 0.0, 60.4),         or on these line segments (excluding the points on the line         segment GM),     -   the line segment MM′ is represented by coordinates         (0.132y²−3.34y+52.6, y, −0.132y²+2.34y+47.4),     -   the line segment M′N is represented by coordinates         (0.0596y²−2.2541y+48.98, y, −0.0596y²+1.2541y+51.02),     -   the line segment VG is represented by coordinates         (0.0123y²−1.8033y+39.6, y, −0.0123y²+0.8033y+60.4), and     -   the line segments NV and GM are straight lines, the refrigerant         D according to the present disclosure has a refrigerating         capacity ratio of 70% or more relative to R410A, a GWP of 125 or         less, and an ASHRAE lower flammability.     -   The results also indicate that under the condition that the mass         % of HFO-1132(E), R32, and R1234yf based on their sum is         respectively represented by x, y, and z, when coordinates         (x,y,z) in a ternary composition diagram in which the sum of         HFO-1132(E), R32, and R1234yf is 100 mass % are within the range         of a figure surrounded by line segments ON, NU, and UO that         connect the following 3 points:         point O (22.6, 36.8, 40.6),         point N (27.7, 18.2, 54.1), and         point U (3.9, 36.7, 59.4),         or on these line segments,     -   the line segment ON is represented by coordinates         (0.0072y²−0.6701y+37.512, y, −0.0072y²−0.3299y+62.488),     -   the line segment NU is represented by coordinates         (0.0083y²−1.7403y+56.635, y, −0.0083y²+0.7403y+43.365), and     -   the line segment UO is a straight line, the refrigerant D         according to the present disclosure has a refrigerating capacity         ratio of 80% or more relative to R410A, a GWP of 250 or less,         and an ASHRAE lower flammability.     -   The results also indicate that under the condition that the mass         % of HFO-1132(E), R32, and R1234yf based on their sum is         respectively represented by x, y, and z, when coordinates         (x,y,z) in a ternary composition diagram in which the sum of         HFO-1132(E), R32, and R1234yf is 100 mass % are within the range         of a figure surrounded by line segments QR, RT, TL, LK, and KQ         that connect the following 5 points:         point Q (44.6, 23.0, 32.4),         point R (25.5, 36.8, 37.7),         point T (8.6, 51.6, 39.8),         point L (28.9, 51.7, 19.4), and         point K (35.6, 36.8, 27.6),         or on these line segments,     -   the line segment QR is represented by coordinates         (0.0099y²−1.975y+84.765, y, −0.0099y²+0.975y+15.235),     -   the line segment RT is represented by coordinates         (0.0082y²−1.8683y+83.126, y, −0.0082y²+0.8683y+16.874),     -   the line segment LK is represented by coordinates         (0.0049y²−0.8842y+61.488, y, −0.0049y²−0.1158y+38.512),     -   the line segment KQ is represented by coordinates         (0.0095y²−1.2222y+67.676, y, −0.0095y²+0.2222y+32.324), and     -   the line segment TL is a straight line, the refrigerant D         according to the present disclosure has a refrigerating capacity         ratio of 92.5% or more relative to R410A, a GWP of 350 or less,         and a WCF lower flammability.     -   The results further indicate that under the condition that the         mass % of HFO-1132(E), R32, and R1234yf based on their sum is         respectively represented by x, y, and z, when coordinates         (x,y,z) in a ternary composition diagram in which the sum of         HFO-1132(E), R32, and R1234yf is 100 mass % are within the range         of a figure surrounded by line segments PS, ST, and TP that         connect the following 3 points:         point P (20.5, 51.7, 27.8),         point S (21.9, 39.7, 38.4), and         point T (8.6, 51.6, 39.8),         or on these line segments,     -   the line segment PS is represented by coordinates         (0.0064y²−0.7103y+40.1, y, −0.0064y²−0.2897y+59.9),     -   the line segment ST is represented by coordinates         (0.0082y²−1.8683y+83.126, y, −0.0082y²+0.8683y+16.874), and     -   the line segment TP is a straight line, the refrigerant D         according to the present disclosure has a refrigerating capacity         ratio of 92.5% or more relative to R410A, a GWP of 350 or less,         and an ASHRAE lower flammability.

(5-5) Refrigerant E

-   -   The refrigerant E according to the present disclosure is a mixed         refrigerant comprising trans-1,2-difluoroethylene (HFO-1132(E)),         trifluoroethylene (HFO-123), and difluoromethane (R32).     -   The refrigerant E according to the present disclosure has         various properties that are desirable as an R410A-alternative         refrigerant, i.e., a coefficient of performance equivalent to         that of R410A and a sufficiently low GWP.     -   The refrigerant E according to the present disclosure is         preferably a refrigerant wherein     -   when the mass % of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R32 based on their         sum is respectively represented by x, y, and z, coordinates         (x,y,z) in a ternary composition diagram in which the sum of         HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R32 is 100 mass % are within the         range of a figure surrounded by line segments IK, KB′, B′H, HR,         RG, and GI that connect the following 6 points:         point I (72.0, 28.0, 0.0),         point K (48.4, 33.2, 18.4),         point B′(0.0, 81.6, 18.4),         point H (0.0, 84.2, 15.8),         point R (23.1, 67.4, 9.5), and         point G (38.5, 61.5, 0.0),         or on these line segments (excluding the points on the line         segments B′H and GI);     -   the line segment IK is represented by coordinates         (0.025z²−1.7429z+72.00, −0.025z²+0.7429z+28.0, z),     -   the line segment HR is represented by coordinates         (−0.3123z²+4.234z+11.06, 0.3123z²−5.234z+88.94, z),     -   the line segment RG is represented by coordinates         (−0.0491z²−1.1544z+38.5, 0.0491z²+0.1544z+61.5, z), and     -   the line segments KB′ and GI are straight lines. When the         requirements above are satisfied, the refrigerant according to         the present disclosure has WCF lower flammability, a COP ratio         of 93% or more relative to that of R410A, and a GWP of 125 or         less.     -   The refrigerant E according to the present disclosure is         preferably a refrigerant wherein     -   when the mass % of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R32 based on their         sum is respectively represented by x, y, and z, coordinates         (x,y,z) in a ternary composition diagram in which the sum of         HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R32 is 100 mass % are within the         range of a figure surrounded by line segments IJ, JR, RG, and GI         that connect the following 4 points:         point I (72.0, 28.0, 0.0),         point J (57.7, 32.8, 9.5),         point R (23.1, 67.4, 9.5), and         point G (38.5, 61.5, 0.0),         or on these line segments (excluding the points on the line         segment GI);     -   the line segment I is represented by coordinates         (0.025z²−1.7429z+72.0, −0.025z²+0.7429z+28.0, z),     -   the line segment RG is represented by coordinates         (−0.0491z²−1.1544z+38.5, 0.0491z²+0.1544z+61.5, z), and     -   the line segments JR and GI are straight lines. When the         requirements above are satisfied, the refrigerant according to         the present disclosure has WCF lower flammability, a COP ratio         of 93% or more relative to that of R410A, and a GWP of 125 or         less.     -   The refrigerant E according to the present disclosure is         preferably a refrigerant wherein     -   when the mass % of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R32 based on their         sum is respectively represented by x, y, and z, coordinates         (x,y,z) in a ternary composition diagram in which the sum of         HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R32 is 100 mass % are within the         range of a figure surrounded by line segments MP, PB′, B′H, HR,         RG, and GM that connect the following 6 points:         point M (47.1, 52.9, 0.0),         point P (31.8, 49.8, 18.4),         point B′ (0.0, 81.6, 18.4),         point H (0.0, 84.2, 15.8),         point R (23.1, 67.4, 9.5), and         point G (38.5, 61.5, 0.0),         or on these line segments (excluding the points on the line         segments B′H and GM);     -   the line segment MP is represented by coordinates         (0.0083z²−0.984z+47.1, −0.0083z²−0.016z+52.9, z),     -   the line segment HR is represented by coordinates         (−0.3123z²+4.234z+11.06, 0.3123z²−5.234z+88.94, z),     -   the line segment RG is represented by coordinates         (−0.0491z²−1.1544z+38.5, 0.0491z²+0.1544z+61.5, z), and     -   the line segments PB′ and GM are straight lines. When the         requirements above are satisfied, the refrigerant according to         the present disclosure has ASHRAE lower flammability, a COP         ratio of 93% or more relative to that of R410A, and a GWP of 125         or less.     -   The refrigerant E according to the present disclosure is         preferably a refrigerant wherein     -   when the mass % of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R32 based on their         sum is respectively represented by x, y, and z, coordinates         (x,y,z) in a ternary composition diagram in which the sum of         HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R32 is 100 mass % are within the         range of a figure surrounded by line segments MN, NR, RG, and GM         that connect the following 4 points:         point M (47.1, 52.9, 0.0),         point N (38.5, 52.1, 9.5),         point R (23.1, 67.4, 9.5), and         point G (38.5, 61.5, 0.0),         or on these line segments (excluding the points on the line         segment GM);     -   the line segment MN is represented by coordinates         (0.0083z²−0.984z+47.1, −0.0083z²−0.016z+52.9, z),     -   the line segment RG is represented by coordinates         (−0.0491z²−1.1544z+38.5, 0.0491z²+0.1544z+61.5, z),     -   the line segments NR and GM are straight lines. When the         requirements above are satisfied, the refrigerant according to         the present disclosure has ASHRAE lower flammability, a COP         ratio of 93% or more relative to that of R410A, and a GWP of 65         or less.     -   The refrigerant E according to the present disclosure is         preferably a refrigerant wherein     -   when the mass % of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R32 based on their         sum is respectively represented by x, y, and z, coordinates         (x,y,z) in a ternary composition diagram in which the sum of         HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R32 is 100 mass % are within the         range of a figure surrounded by line segments PS, ST, and TP         that connect the following 3 points:         point P (31.8, 49.8, 18.4),         point S (25.4, 56.2, 18.4), and         point T (34.8, 51.0, 14.2),         or on these line segments;     -   the line segment ST is represented by coordinates         (−0.0982z²+0.9622z+40.931, 0.0982z²−1.9622z+59.069, z),     -   the line segment TP is represented by coordinates         (0.0083z²−0.984z+47.1, −0.0083z²−0.016z+52.9, z), and     -   the line segment PS is a straight line. When the requirements         above are satisfied, the refrigerant according to the present         disclosure has ASHRAE lower flammability, a COP ratio of 94.5%         or more relative to that of R410A, and a GWP of 125 or less.     -   The refrigerant E according to the present disclosure is         preferably a refrigerant wherein     -   when the mass % of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R32 based on their         sum is respectively represented by x, y, and z, coordinates         (x,y,z) in a ternary composition diagram in which the sum of         HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R32 is 100 mass % are within the         range of a figure surrounded by line segments QB″, B″D, DU, and         UQ that connect the following 4 points:         point Q (28.6, 34.4, 37.0),         point B″ (0.0, 63.0, 37.0),         point D (0.0, 67.0, 33.0), and         point U (28.7, 41.2, 30.1),         or on these line segments (excluding the points on the line         segment B″D);     -   the line segment DU is represented by coordinates         (−3.4962z²+210.71z−3146.1, 3.4962z²−211.71z+3246.1, z),     -   the line segment UQ is represented by coordinates         (0.0135z²−0.9181z+44.133, −0.0135z²−0.0819z+55.867, z), and     -   the line segments QB″ and B″D are straight lines. When the         requirements above are satisfied, the refrigerant according to         the present disclosure has ASHRAE lower flammability, a COP         ratio of 96% or more relative to that of R410A, and a GWP of 250         or less.     -   The refrigerant E according to the present disclosure is         preferably a refrigerant wherein     -   when the mass % of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R32 based on their         sum is respectively represented by x, y, and z, coordinates         (x,y,z) in a ternary composition diagram in which the sum of         HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R32 is 100 mass % are within the         range of a figure surrounded by line segments Oc′, c′d′, d′e′,         e′a′, and a′O that connect the following 5 points:         point O (100.0, 0.0, 0.0),         point c′(56.7, 43.3, 0.0),         point d′ (52.2, 38.3, 9.5),         point e′(41.8, 39.8, 18.4), and         point a′ (81.6, 0.0, 18.4),         or on the line segments c′d′, d′e′, and e′a′ (excluding the         points c′ and a′);     -   the line segment c′d′ is represented by coordinates         (−0.0297z²−0.1915z+56.7, 0.0297z²+1.1915z+43.3, z),     -   the line segment d′e′ is represented by coordinates         (−0.0535z²+0.3229z+53.957, 0.0535z²+0.6771z+46.043, z), and     -   the line segments Oc′, e′a′, and a′O are straight lines. When         the requirements above are satisfied, the refrigerant according         to the present disclosure has a COP ratio of 92.5% or more         relative to that of R410A, and a GWP of 125 or less.

The refrigerant E according to the present disclosure is preferably a refrigerant wherein

-   -   when the mass % of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R32 based on their         sum is respectively represented by x, y, and z, coordinates         (x,y,z) in a ternary composition diagram in which the sum of         HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R32 is 100 mass % are within the         range of a figure surrounded by line segments Oc, cd, de, ea′,         and a′O that connect the following 5 points:         point O (100.0, 0.0, 0.0),         point c (77.7, 22.3, 0.0),         point d (76.3, 14.2, 9.5),         point e (72.2, 9.4, 18.4), and         point a′ (81.6, 0.0, 18.4),         or on the line segments cd, de, and ea′ (excluding the points c         and a′);     -   the line segment cde is represented by coordinates         (−0.017z²+0.0148z+77.684, 0.017z²+0.9852z+22.316, z), and     -   the line segments Oc, ea′, and a′O are straight lines. When the         requirements above are satisfied, the refrigerant according to         the present disclosure has a COP ratio of 95% or more relative         to that of R410A, and a GWP of 125 or less.     -   The refrigerant E according to the present disclosure is         preferably a refrigerant wherein     -   when the mass % of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R32 based on their         sum is respectively represented by x, y, and z, coordinates         (x,y,z) in a ternary composition diagram in which the sum of         HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R32 is 100 mass % are within the         range of a figure surrounded by line segments Oc′, c′d′, d′a,         and aO that connect the following 5 points:         point O (100.0, 0.0, 0.0),         point c′(56.7, 43.3, 0.0),         point d′(52.2, 38.3, 9.5), and         point a (90.5, 0.0, 9.5),         or on the line segments c′d′ and d′a (excluding the points c′         and a);     -   the line segment c′d′ is represented by coordinates         (−0.0297z²−0.1915z+56.7, 0.0297z²+1.1915z+43.3, z), and     -   the line segments Oc′, d′a, and aO are straight lines. When the         requirements above are satisfied, the refrigerant according to         the present disclosure has a COP ratio of 93.5% or more relative         to that of R410A, and a GWP of 65 or less.     -   The refrigerant E according to the present disclosure is         preferably a refrigerant wherein     -   when the mass % of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R32 based on their         sum is respectively represented by x, y, and z, coordinates         (x,y,z) in a ternary composition diagram in which the sum of         HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R32 is 100 mass % are within the         range of a figure surrounded by line segments Oc, cd, da, and aO         that connect the following 4 points:         point O (100.0, 0.0, 0.0),         point c (77.7, 22.3, 0.0),         point d (76.3, 14.2, 9.5), and         point a (90.5, 0.0, 9.5),         or on the line segments cd and da (excluding the points c and         a);     -   the line segment cd is represented by coordinates         (−0.017z²+0.0148z+77.684, 0.017z²+0.9852z+22.316, z), and     -   the line segments Oc, da, and aO are straight lines. When the         requirements above are satisfied, the refrigerant according to         the present disclosure has a COP ratio of 95% or more relative         to that of R410A, and a GWP of 65 or less.     -   The refrigerant E according to the present disclosure may         further comprise other additional refrigerants in addition to         HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R32, as long as the above properties         and effects are not impaired. In this respect, the refrigerant         according to the present disclosure preferably comprises         HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R32 in a total amount of 99.5 mass %         or more, more preferably 99.75 mass % or more, and even more         preferably 99.9 mass % or more, based on the entire refrigerant.     -   Such additional refrigerants are not limited, and can be         selected from a wide range of refrigerants. The mixed         refrigerant may comprise a single additional refrigerant, or two         or more additional refrigerants.

(Examples of Refrigerant E)

-   -   The present disclosure is described in more detail below with         reference to Examples of refrigerant E. However, the refrigerant         E is not limited to the Examples.     -   Mixed refrigerants were prepared by mixing HFO-1132(E),         HFO-1123, and R32 at mass % based on their sum shown in Tables         145 and 146.     -   The composition of each mixture was defined as WCF. A leak         simulation was performed using National Institute of Science and         Technology (NIST) Standard Reference Data Base Refleak Version         4.0 under the conditions for equipment, storage, shipping, leak,         and recharge according to the ASHRAE Standard 34-2013. The most         flammable fraction was defined as WCFF.     -   For each mixed refrigerant, the burning velocity was measured         according to the ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 34-2013. When the burning         velocities of the WCF composition and the WCFF composition are         10 cm/s or less, the flammability of such a refrigerant is         classified as Class 2L (lower flammability) in the ASHRAE         flammability classification.     -   A burning velocity test was performed using the apparatus shown         in FIG. 1 in the following manner. First, the mixed refrigerants         used had a purity of 99.5% or more, and were degassed by         repeating a cycle of freezing, pumping, and thawing until no         traces of air were observed on the vacuum gauge. The burning         velocity was measured by the closed method. The initial         temperature was ambient temperature. Ignition was performed by         generating an electric spark between the electrodes in the         center of a sample cell. The duration of the discharge was 1.0         to 9.9 ms, and the ignition energy was typically about 0.1 to         1.0 J. The spread of the flame was visualized using schlieren         photographs. A cylindrical container (inner diameter: 155 mm,         length: 198 mm) equipped with two light transmission acrylic         windows was used as the sample cell, and a xenon lamp was used         as the light source. Schlieren images of the flame were recorded         by a high-speed digital video camera at a frame rate of 600 fps         and stored on a PC.     -   Tables 145 and 146 show the results.

TABLE 145 Item Unit I J K L WCF HFO-1132(E) mass % 72.0 57.7 48.4 35.5 HFO-1123 mass % 28.0 32.8 33.2 27.5 R32 mass % 0.0 9.5 18.4 37.0 Burning velocity (WCF) cm/s 10 10 10 10

TABLE 146 Item Unit M N T P U Q WCF HFO- mass 47.1 38.5 34.8 31.8 28.7 28.6 1132(E) % HFO-1123 mass 52.9 52.1 51.0 49.8 41.2 34.4 % R32 mass 0.0 9.5 14.2 18.4 30.1 37.0 % Leak condition that results in Storage, Storage, Storage, Storage, Storage, Storage, WCFF Shipping, Shipping, Shipping, Shipping, Shipping, Shipping, −40° C., −40° C., −40° C., −40° C., −40° C., −40° C., 92%, 92%, 92%, 92%, 92%, 92%, release, release, release, release, release, release, on the liquid on the liquid on the liquid on the liquid on the liquid on the liquid phase side phase side phase side phase side phase side phase side WCFF HFO- mass 72.0 58.9 51.5 44.6 31.4 27.1 1132 (E) % HFO-1123 mass 28.0 32.4 33.1 32.6 23.2 18.3 % R32 mass 0.0 8.7 15.4 22.8 45.4 54.6 % Burning velocity cm/s 8 or less 8 or less 8 or less 8 or less 8 or less 8 or less (WCF) Burning velocity cm/s 10 10 10 10 10 10 (WCFF)

-   -   The results in Table 1 indicate that in a ternary composition         diagram of a mixed refrigerant of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R32         in which their sum is 100 mass %, a line segment connecting a         point (0.0, 100.0, 0.0) and a point (0.0, 0.0, 100.0) is the         base, the point (0.0, 100.0, 0.0) is on the left side, and the         point (0.0, 0.0, 100.0) is on the right side, when coordinates         (x,y,z) are on or below line segments IK and KL that connect the         following 3 points:         point I (72.0, 28.0, 0.0),         point K (48.4, 33.2, 18.4), and         point L (35.5, 27.5, 37.0);         the line segment IK is represented by coordinates         (0.025z²−1.7429z+72.00, −0.025z²+0.7429z+28.00, z), and         the line segment KL is represented by coordinates         (0.0098z²−1.238z+67.852, −0.0098z²+0.238z+32.148, z),         it can be determined that the refrigerant has WCF lower         flammability.     -   For the points on the line segment IK, an approximate curve         (x=0.025z²−1.7429z+72.00) was obtained from three points, i.e.,         I (72.0, 28.0, 0.0), J (57.7, 32.8, 9.5), and K (48.4, 33.2,         18.4) by using the least-square method to determine coordinates         (x=0.025z²−1.7429z+72.00, y=100−z−x=−0.00922z²+0.2114z+32.443,         z).     -   Likewise, for the points on the line segment KL, an approximate         curve was determined from three points, i.e., K (48.4, 33.2,         18.4), Example 10 (41.1, 31.2, 27.7), and L (35.5, 27.5, 37.0)         by using the least-square method to determine coordinates.     -   The results in Table 146 indicate that in a ternary composition         diagram of a mixed refrigerant of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R32         in which their sum is 100 mass %, a line segment connecting a         point (0.0, 100.0, 0.0) and a point (0.0, 0.0, 100.0) is the         base, the point (0.0, 100.0, 0.0) is on the left side, and the         point (0.0, 0.0, 100.0) is on the right side, when coordinates         (x,y,z) are on or below line segments MP and PQ that connect the         following 3 points:         point M (47.1, 52.9, 0.0),         point P (31.8, 49.8, 18.4), and         point Q (28.6, 34.4, 37.0),         it can be determined that the refrigerant has ASHRAE lower         flammability.     -   In the above, the line segment MP is represented by coordinates         (0.0083z²−0.984z+47.1, −0.0083z²−0.016z+52.9, z), and the line         segment PQ is represented by coordinates         (0.0135z²−0.9181z+44.133, −0.0135z²−0.0819z+55.867, z).     -   For the points on the line segment MP, an approximate curve was         obtained from three points, i.e., points M, N, and P, by using         the least-square method to determine coordinates. For the points         on the line segment PQ, an approximate curve was obtained from         three points, i.e., points P, U, and Q, by using the         least-square method to determine coordinates.     -   The GWP of compositions each comprising a mixture of R410A         (R32=50%/R125=50%) was evaluated based on the values stated in         the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), fourth         report. The GWP of HFO-1132(E), which was not stated therein,         was assumed to be 1 from HFO-1132a (GWP=1 or less) and HFO-1123         (GWP=0.3, described in WO2015/141678). The refrigerating         capacity of compositions each comprising R410A and a mixture of         HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1123 was determined by performing         theoretical refrigeration cycle calculations for the mixed         refrigerants using the National Institute of Science and         Technology (NIST) and Reference Fluid Thermodynamic and         Transport Properties Database (Refprop 9.0) under the following         conditions.     -   The COP ratio and the refrigerating capacity (which may be         referred to as “cooling capacity” or “capacity”) ratio relative         to those of R410 of the mixed refrigerants were determined. The         conditions for calculation were as described below.         Evaporating temperature: 5° C.         Condensation temperature: 45° C.         Degree of superheating: 5K         Degree of subcooling: 5K         Compressor efficiency: 70%     -   Tables 147 to 166 show these values together with the GWP of         each mixed refrigerant.

TABLE 147 Comparative Comparative Comparative Comparative Comparative Comparative Comparative Example Example Example Example Example Example Example 2 3 4 5 6 7 Item Unit 1 A B A′ B′ A″ B″ HFO-1132(E) mass % R410A 90.5 0.0 81.6 0.0 63.0 0.0 HFO-1123 mass % 0.0 90.5 0.0 81.6 0.0 63.0 R32 mass % 9.5 9.5 18.4 18.4 37.0 37.0 GWP — 2088 65 65 125 125 250 250 COP ratio % 100 99.1 92.0 98.7 93.4 98.7 96.1 (relative to R410A) Refrigerating % 100 102.2 111.6 105.3 113.7 110.0 115.4 capacity (relative ratio to R410A)

TABLE 148 Comparative Comparative Comparative Example Example Comparative Example Example 8 9 Example 1 Example 11 Item Unit O C 10 U 2 D HFO-1132(E) mass % 100.0 50.0 41.1 28.7 15.2 0.0 HFO-1123 mass % 0.0 31.6 34.6 41.2 52.7 67.0 R32 mass % 0.0 18.4 24.3 30.1 32.1 33.0 GWP — 1 125 165 204 217 228 COP ratio % (relative 99.7 96.0 96.0 96.0 96.0 96.0 to R410A) Refrigerating % (relative 98.3 109.9 111.7 113.5 114.8 115.4 capacity ratio to R410A)

TABLE 149 Comparative Comparative Example Comparative Example Example Example 12 Example 3 4 14 Item Unit E 13 T S F HFO-1132(E) mass % 53.4 43.4 34.8 25.4 0.0 HFO-1123 mass % 46.6 47.1 51.0 56.2 74.1 R32 mass % 0.0 9.5 14.2 18.4 25.9 GWP — 1 65 97 125 176 COP ratio % (relative to 94.5 94.5 94.5 94.5 94.5 R410A) Refrigerating % (relative to 105.6 109.2 110.8 112.3 114.8 capacity ratio R410A)

TABLE 150 Comparative Comparative Example Example Example 15 Example 6 Example 16 Item Unit G 5 R 7 H HFO-1132(E) mass % 38.5 31.5 23.1 16.9 0.0 HFO-1123 mass % 61.5 63.5 67.4 71.1 84.2 R32 mass % 0.0 5.0 9.5 12.0 15.8 GWP — 1 35 65 82 107 COP ratio % (relative to R410A) 93.0 93.0 93.0 93.0 93.0 Refrigerating % (relative to 107.0 109.1 110.9 111.9 113.2 capacity ratio R410A)

TABLE 151 Comparative Example Comparative 17 Example 8 Example 9 Comparative Example 19 Item Unit I J K Example 18 L HFO-1132(E) mass % 72.0 57.7 48.4 41.1 35.5 HFO-1123 mass % 28.0 32.8 33.2 31.2 27.5 R32 mass % 0.0 9.5 18.4 27.7 37.0 GWP — 1 65 125 188 250 COP ratio % (relative to 96.6 95.8 95.9 96.4 97.1 R410A) Refrigerating % (relative to 103.1 107.4 110.1 112.1 113.2 capacity ratio R410A)

TABLE 152 Comparative Example Example Example Example 20 10 11 12 Item Unit M N P Q HFO-1132(E) mass % 47.1 38.5 31.8 28.6 HFO-1123 mass % 52.9 52.1 49.8 34.4 R32 mass % 0.0 9.5 18.4 37.0 GWP — 1 65 125 250 COP ratio % (relative 93.9 94.1 94.7 96.9 to R410A) Refrigerating % (relative 106.2 109.7 112.0 114.1 capacity ratio to R410A)

TABLE 153 Comparative Comparative Comparative Comparative Comparative Example Example Example Example Example Example Example Example Item Unit 22 23 24 14 15 16 25 26 HFO-1132(E) mass % 10.0 20.0 30.0 40.0 50.0 60.0 70.0 80.0 HFO-1123 mass % 85.0 75.0 65.0 55.0 45.0 35.0 25.0 15.0 R32 mass % 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 GWP — 35 35 35 35 35 35 35 35 COP ratio % 91.7 92.2 92.9 93.7 94.6 95.6 96.7 97.7 (relative to R410A) Refrigerating % 110.1 109.8 109.2 108.4 107.4 106.1 104.7 103.1 capacity (relative ratio to R410A)

TABLE 154 Comparative Comparative Comparative Comparative Comparative Example Example Example Example Example Example Example Example Item Unit 27 28 29 17 18 19 30 31 HFO-1132(E) mass % 90.0 10.0 20.0 30.0 40.0 50.0 60.0 70.0 HFO-1123 mass % 5.0 80.0 70.0 60.0 50.0 40.0 30.0 20.0 R32 mass % 5.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 GWP — 35 68 68 68 68 68 68 68 COP ratio % 98.8 92.4 92.9 93.5 94.3 95.1 96.1 97.0 (relative to R410A) Refrigerating % 101.4 111.7 111.3 110.6 109.6 108.5 107.2 105.7 capacity (relative ratio to R410A)

TABLE 155 Comparative Comparative Example Example Example Example Example Example Comparative Example Item Unit 32 20 21 22 23 24 Example 33 34 HFO-1132(E) mass % 80.0 10.0 20.0 30.0 40.0 50.0 60.0 70.0 HFO-1123 mass % 10.0 75.0 65.0 55.0 45.0 35.0 25.0 15.0 R32 mass % 10.0 15.0 15.0 15.0 15.0 15.0 15.0 15.0 GWP — 68 102 102 102 102 102 102 102 COP ratio % (relative 98.0 93.1 93.6 94.2 94.9 95.6 96.5 97.4 to R410A) Refrigerating % (relative 104.1 112.9 112.4 111.6 110.6 109.4 108.1 106.6 capacity ratio to R410A)

TABLE 156 Comparative Comparative Comparative Comparative Comparative Comparative Comparative Comparative Example Example Example Example Example Example Example Example Item Unit 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 HFO-1132(E) ass % 80.0 10.0 20.0 30.0 40.0 50.0 60.0 70.0 HFO-1123 mass % 5.0 70.0 60.0 50.0 40.0 30.0 20.0 10.0 R32 mass % 15.0 20.0 20.0 20.0 20.0 20.0 20.0 20.0 GWP — 102 136 136 136 136 136 136 136 COP ratio % (relative 98.3 93.9 94.3 94.8 95.4 96.2 97.0 97.8 to R410A) Refrigerating % (relative 105.0 113.8 113.2 112.4 111.4 110.2 108.8 107.3 capacity to R410A) ratio

TABLE 157 Comparative Comparative Comparative Comparative Comparative Comparative Comparative Comparative Example Example Example Example Example Example Example Example Item Unit 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 HFO-1132(E) mass % 10.0 20.0 30.0 40.0 50.0 60.0 70.0 10.0 HFO-1123 mass % 65.0 55.0 45.0 35.0 25.0 15.0 5.0 60.0 R32 mass % 25.0 25.0 25.0 25.0 25.0 25.0 25.0 30.0 GWP — 170 170 170 170 170 170 170 203 COP ratio % (relative 94.6 94.9 95.4 96.0 96.7 97.4 98.2 95.3 to R410A) Refrigerating % 114.4 113.8 113.0 111.9 110.7 109.4 107.9 114.8 capacity (relative ratio to R410A)

TABLE 158 Comparative Comparative Comparative Comparative Comparative Comparative Example Example Example Example Example Example Example Example Item Unit 51 52 53 54 55 25 26 56 HFO-1132(E) mass % 20.0 30.0 40.0 50.0 60.0 10.0 20.0 30.0 HFO-1123 mass % 50.0 40.0 30.0 20.0 10.0 55.0 45.0 35.0 R32 mass % 30.0 30.0 30.0 30.0 30.0 35.0 35.0 35.0 GWP — 203 203 203 203 203 237 237 237 COP ratio % (relative 95.6 96.0 96.6 97.2 97.9 96.0 96.3 96.6 to R410A) Refrigerating % (relative 114.2 113.4 112.4 111.2 109.8 115.1 114.5 113.6 capacity to R410A) ratio

TABLE 159 Comparative Comparative Comparative Comparative Comparative Comparative Comparative Comparative Example Example Example Example Example Example Example Example Item Unit 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 HFO-1132(E) mass % 40.0 50.0 60.0 10.0 20.0 30.0 40.0 50.0 HFO-1123 mass % 25.0 15.0 5.0 50.0 40.0 30.0 20.0 10.0 R32 mass % 35.0 35.0 35.0 40.0 40.0 40.0 40.0 40.0 GWP — 237 237 237 271 271 271 271 271 COP ratio % (relative to 97.1 97.7 98.3 96.6 96.9 97.2 97.7 98.2 R410A) Refrigerating % (relative to 112.6 111.5 110.2 115.1 114.6 113.8 112.8 111.7 capacity ratio R410A)

TABLE 160 Example Example Example Example Example Example Example Example Item Unit 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 HFO-1132(E) mass % 38.0 40.0 42.0 44.0 35.0 37.0 39.0 41.0 HFO-1123 mass % 60.0 58.0 56.0 54.0 61.0 59.0 57.0 55.0 R32 mass % 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 GWP — 14 14 14 14 28 28 28 28 COP ratio % (relative 93.2 93.4 93.6 93.7 93.2 93.3 93.5 93.7 to R410A) Refrigerating % (relative 107.7 107.5 107.3 107.2 108.6 108.4 108.2 108.0 capacity ratio to R410A)

TABLE 161 Example Example Example Example Example Example Example Example Item Unit 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 HFO-1132(E) mass % 43.0 31.0 33.0 35.0 37.0 39.0 41.0 27.0 HFO-1123 mass % 53.0 63.0 61.0 59.0 57.0 55.0 53.0 65.0 R32 mass % 4.0 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.0 8.0 GWP — 28 41 41 41 41 41 41 55 COP ratio % (relative 93.9 93.1 93.2 93.4 93.6 93.7 93.9 93.0 to R410A) Refrigerating % (relative 107.8 109.5 109.3 109.1 109.0 108.8 108.6 110.3 capacity ratio to R410A)

TABLE 162 Example Example Example Example Example Example Example Example Item Unit 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 HFO-1132(E) mass % 29.0 31.0 33.0 35.0 37.0 39.0 32.0 32.0 HFO-1123 mass % 63.0 61.0 59.0 57.0 55.0 53.0 51.0 50.0 R32 mass % 8.0 8.0 8.0 8.0 8.0 8.0 17.0 18.0 GWP — 55 55 55 55 55 55 116 122 COP ratio % (relative 93.2 93.3 93.5 93.6 93.8 94.0 94.5 94.7 to R410A) Refrigerating % (relative 110.1 110.0 109.8 109.6 109.5 109.3 111.8 111.9 capacity ratio to R410A)

TABLE 163 Example Example Example Example Example Example Example Example Item Unit 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 HFO-1132(E) mass % 30.0 27.0 21.0 23.0 25.0 27.0 11.0 13.0 HFO-1123 mass % 52.0 42.0 46.0 44.0 42.0 40.0 54.0 52.0 R32 mass % 18.0 31.0 33.0 33.0 33.0 33.0 35.0 35.0 GWP — 122 210 223 223 223 223 237 237 COP ratio % (relative 94.5 96.0 96.0 96.1 96.2 96.3 96.0 96.0 to R410A) Refrigerating % (relative 112.1 113.7 114.3 114.2 114.0 113.8 115.0 114.9 capacity ratio to R410A)

TABLE 164 Example Example Example Example Example Example Example Example Item Unit 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 HFO-1132(E) mass % 15.0 17.0 19.0 21.0 23.0 25.0 27.0 11.0 HFO-1123 mass % 50.0 48.0 46.0 44.0 42.0 40.0 38.0 52.0 R32 mass % 35.0 35.0 35.0 35.0 35.0 35.0 35.0 37.0 GWP — 237 237 237 237 237 237 237 250 COP ratio % (relative 96.1 96.2 96.2 96.3 96.4 96.4 96.5 96.2 to R410A) Refrigerating % (relative 114.8 114.7 114.5 114.4 114.2 114.1 113.9 115.1 capacity ratio to R410A)

TABLE 165 Example Example Example Example Example Example Example Example Item Unit 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 HFO-1132(E) mass % 13.0 15.0 17.0 15.0 17.0 19.0 21.0 23.0 HFO-1123 mass % 50.0 48.0 46.0 50.0 48.0 46.0 44.0 42.0 R32 mass % 37.0 37.0 37.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 GWP — 250 250 250 237 237 237 237 237 COP ratio % (relative 96.3 96.4 96.4 96.1 96.2 96.2 96.3 96.4 to R410A) Refrigerating % (relative 115.0 114.9 114.7 114.8 114.7 114.5 114.4 114.2 capacity ratio to R410A)

TABLE 166 Example Example Example Example Example Example Example Example Item Unit 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 HFO-1132(E) mass % 25.0 27.0 11.0 19.0 21.0 23.0 25.0 27.0 HFO-1123 mass % 40.0 38.0 52.0 44.0 42.0 40.0 38.0 36.0 R32 mass % 0.0 0.0 0.0 37.0 37.0 37.0 37.0 37.0 GWP — 237 237 250 250 250 250 250 250 COP ratio % (relative 96.4 96.5 96.2 96.5 96.5 96.6 96.7 96.8 to R410A) Refrigerating % (relative 114.1 113.9 115.1 114.6 114.5 114.3 114.1 114.0 capacity ratio to R410A)

-   -   The above results indicate that under the condition that the         mass % of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R32 based on their sum is         respectively represented by x, y, and z, when coordinates         (x,y,z) in a ternary composition diagram in which the sum of         HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R32 is 100 mass %, a line segment         connecting a point (0.0, 100.0, 0.0) and a point (0.0, 0.0,         100.0) is the base, and the point (0.0, 100.0, 0.0) is on the         left side are within the range of a figure surrounded by line         segments that connect the following 4 points:         point O (100.0, 0.0, 0.0),         point A″ (63.0, 0.0, 37.0),         point B″ (0.0, 63.0, 37.0), and         point (0.0, 100.0, 0.0),         or on these line segments,         the refrigerant has a GWP of 250 or less.

The results also indicate that when coordinates (x,y,z) are within the range of a figure surrounded by line segments that connect the following 4 points:

point O (100.0, 0.0, 0.0), point A′ (81.6, 0.0, 18.4), point B′(0.0, 81.6, 18.4), and point (0.0, 100.0, 0.0), or on these line segments, the refrigerant has a GWP of 125 or less.

-   -   The results also indicate that when coordinates (x,y,z) are         within the range of a figure surrounded by line segments that         connect the following 4 points:         point O (100.0, 0.0, 0.0),         point A (90.5, 0.0, 9.5),         point B (0.0, 90.5, 9.5), and         point (0.0, 100.0, 0.0),         or on these line segments,         the refrigerant has a GWP of 65 or less.     -   The results also indicate that when coordinates (x,y,z) are on         the left side of line segments that connect the following 3         points:         point C (50.0, 31.6, 18.4),         point U (28.7, 41.2, 30.1), and         point D (52.2, 38.3, 9.5),         or on these line segments,         the refrigerant has a COP ratio of 96% or more relative to that         of R410A.     -   In the above, the line segment CU is represented by coordinates         (−0.0538z²+0.7888z+53.701, 0.0538z²−1.7888z+46.299, z), and the         line segment UD is represented by coordinates         (−3.4962z²+210.71z−3146.1, 3.4962z²−211.71z+3246.1, z).     -   The points on the line segment CU are determined from three         points, i.e., point C, Comparative Example 10, and point U, by         using the least-square method.     -   The points on the line segment UD are determined from three         points, i.e., point U, Example 2, and point D, by using the         least-square method.     -   The results also indicate that when coordinates (x,y,z) are on         the left side of line segments that connect the following 3         points:         point E (55.2, 44.8, 0.0),         point T (34.8, 51.0, 14.2), and         point F (0.0, 76.7, 23.3),         or on these line segments,         the refrigerant has a COP ratio of 94.5% or more relative to         that of R410A.     -   In the above, the line segment ET is represented by coordinates         (−0.0547z²−0.5327z+53.4, 0.0547z²−0.4673z+46.6, z), and the line         segment TF is represented by coordinates         (−0.0982z²+0.9622z+40.931, 0.0982z²−1.9622z+59.069, z).     -   The points on the line segment ET are determined from three         points, i.e., point E, Example 2, and point T, by using the         least-square method.     -   The points on the line segment TF are determined from three         points, i.e., points T, S, and F, by using the least-square         method.     -   The results also indicate that when coordinates (x,y,z) are on         the left side of line segments that connect the following 3         points:         point G (0.0, 76.7, 23.3),         point R (21.0, 69.5, 9.5), and         point H (0.0, 85.9, 14.1),         or on these line segments,         the refrigerant has a COP ratio of 93% or more relative to that         of R410A.     -   In the above, the line segment GR is represented by coordinates         (−0.0491z²−1.1544z+38.5, 0.0491z²+0.1544z+61.5, z), and the line         segment RH is represented by coordinates         (−0.3123z²+4.234z+11.06, 0.3123z²−5.234z+88.94, z).     -   The points on the line segment GR are determined from three         points, i.e., point G, Example 5, and point R, by using the         least-square method.     -   The points on the line segment RH are determined from three         points, i.e., point R, Example 7, and point H, by using the         least-square method.     -   In contrast, as shown in, for example, Comparative Examples 8,         9, 13, 15, 17, and 18, when R32 is not contained, the         concentrations of HFO-1132(E) and HFO-1123, which have a double         bond, become relatively high; this undesirably leads to         deterioration, such as decomposition, or polymerization in the         refrigerant compound.

(6) First Embodiment

A refrigeration cycle illustrated in FIG. 16 is a vapor compression refrigeration cycle using a nonazeotropic mixed refrigerant. In FIG. 16, reference sign 1 denotes a compressor, 2 denotes a use-side heat exchanger, 3 denotes a heat-source-side heat exchanger, and 4 denotes a first capillary tube that acts as an expansion mechanism. The devices are connected via a four-way switching valve 5 to constitute a reversible cycle. Reference sign 6 denotes an accumulator.

In the present embodiment, the refrigeration cycle is filled with a refrigerant for performing a vapor compression refrigeration cycle. The refrigerant is a mixed refrigerant containing 1,2-difluoroethylene, and can use any one of the above-described refrigerants A to E.

In the refrigeration cycle, the heat-source-side heat exchanger 3 is divided into a first heat exchange section 31 and a second heat exchange section 32. The first and second heat exchange sections 31 and 32 are connected in series via a second capillary tube 7 serving as a decompression mechanism. During heating operation, the second capillary tube 7 decreases the evaporation pressure of the mixed refrigerant while the mixed refrigerant flows through the heat-source-side heat exchanger 3. Reference sign 8 denotes a check valve provided to cause the mixed refrigerant to bypass the second capillary tube 7 during cooling operation.

The compressor 1, the heat-source-side heat exchanger 3, the first capillary tube 4, the four-way switching valve 5, the accumulator 6, and the second capillary tube 7 are disposed in a heat source unit 50 situated outside a room. The use-side heat exchanger 2 is disposed in a use unit 60 situated inside the room.

As illustrated in FIG. 17, the use unit 60 has a rear surface that is fixed to a side wall WL in the room. The indoor air flows into the use-side heat exchanger 2 from the front-surface side (the left side in FIG. 17) and the upper-surface side of the use unit 60. The use-side heat exchanger 2 includes a third heat exchange section 21 located on the front-surface side of the use unit 60, and a fourth heat exchange section 22 located on the rear-surface side of the use unit 60. An upper portion of the fourth heat exchange section 22 is located near an upper portion of the third heat exchange section 21. The third heat exchange section 21 extends obliquely downward from the upper portion thereof toward the front-surface side of the use unit 60. The fourth heat exchange section 22 extends obliquely downward from the upper portion thereof toward the rear-surface side of the use unit 60. The capacity of the refrigerant flow path of the third heat exchange section 21 is larger than the capacity of the refrigerant flow path of the fourth heat exchange section 22. The air velocity of the air passing through the third heat exchange section 21 is fast and the air velocity of the air passing through the fourth heat exchange section 22 is slow. The third heat exchange section 21 and the fourth heat exchange section are designed to have the capacities of the refrigerant flow paths in accordance with the air velocities. Thus, the efficiency of heat exchange of the use-side heat exchanger 2 is increased.

Next, setting of the decompression amount of each of the capillary tubes 4 and 7 is described based on the Mollier diagram in FIG. 18.

In FIG. 18, T1 is an isotherm indicating a frost limit temperature (for example, −3° C.) and T2 is an isotherm indicating a standard outside air temperature (for example, 7° C.) during heating operation.

The decompression amount of the first capillary tube 4 on the inlet side of the first heat exchange section 31 is set to a pressure P1 with which the evaporation temperature of the refrigerant at the inlet of the first heat exchange section 31 becomes a temperature T3 that is slightly higher than the frost limit temperature T1 during heating operation.

The decompression amount of the second capillary tube 7 disposed between the first and second heat exchange sections 31 and 32 is determined in accordance with the temperature gradient of the mixed refrigerant. Specifically, the decompression amount of the second capillary tube 7 is set to attain decompression to a pressure P2 with which the evaporation temperature at the inlet of the second heat exchange section 32 becomes a temperature T5 that is equal to or higher than the frost limit temperature T1 and the evaporation temperature at the outlet of the second heat exchange section 32 becomes a temperature T6 that is lower than the standard outside air temperature T2.

Next, the operation of the refrigeration cycle is described.

During heating operation, the four-way switching valve (5) is switched to the state indicated by solid lines in FIG. 16, thereby forming a heating cycle. When the compressor 1 is driven, the mixed refrigerant circulates through the compressor 1, the use-side heat exchanger 2, the first capillary tube 4, the heat-source-side heat exchanger 3, and the accumulator 6 in that order. A change in state of the mixed refrigerant due to the circulation is described using the Mollier diagram in FIG. 18.

The mixed refrigerant is discharged as a high-temperature high-pressure gas with a pressure P0 from the compressor 1 (point C1 in FIG. 18). Then, the gas refrigerant is condensed under the same pressure in the use-side heat exchanger 2, and hence the refrigerant is turned into the refrigerant in a liquid state (C2). Next, the refrigerant is expanded (decompressed) in the first capillary tube 4, the refrigerant becomes a state with the pressure P1, and the refrigerant flows into the first heat exchange section 31 of the heat-source-side heat exchanger 3 (C3).

The refrigerant which has flowed into the first heat exchange section 31 starts evaporating at a temperature T3 that is higher than the frost limit temperature T1 near the inlet of the first heat exchange section 31. Due to the evaporation, the evaporation temperature near the outlet of the first heat exchange section 31 increases to T4 (however, T2 or less) (C4). The mixed refrigerant which has flowed out from the first heat exchange section 31 is decompressed in the second capillary tube 7 again and the pressure thereof becomes the pressure P2. By this, the evaporation temperature at the inlet of the second heat exchange section 32 decreases to a temperature T5 that is lower than the evaporation temperature at the outlet of the first heat exchange section 31 and that is higher than the frost limit temperature T1 (C5).

By the evaporation in the second heat exchange section 32, the evaporation temperature of the refrigerant increases, and the refrigerant becomes the gas refrigerant at a temperature T6 that is lower than the standard outside air temperature T2 near the outlet of the second heat exchange section 32. Then, the refrigerant returns to the compressor 1 and is compressed again.

In this way, since the second capillary tube 7 serving as a decompression mechanism is provided between the first heat exchange section 31 and the second heat exchange section 32 of the heat-source-side heat exchanger 3, the difference in the evaporation temperature between the inlet and the outlet of the heat-source-side heat exchanger 3 decreases. In other words, in the refrigeration cycle, the degree of increase in the evaporation temperature in the heat-source-side heat exchanger 3 decreases. Accordingly, the evaporation temperature can be shifted within a proper evaporation temperature. The difference between the outside air temperature and the evaporation temperature can be ensured while frost (frosting) in the heat-source-side heat exchanger 3 is avoided. With the advantageous effects, in the refrigeration cycle, the efficiency of heat exchange of the heat-source-side heat exchanger 3 increases.

Moreover, in the refrigeration cycle, even when a mixed refrigerant having a large temperature gradient of the evaporation temperature is used, a decrease in the capacity of the heat-source-side heat exchanger 3 is suppressed.

When the four-way switching valve 5 is switched to a state indicated by broken lines, a cooling operation can be performed. This is, however, like related art, and the description is omitted.

(7) Second Embodiment

A refrigeration cycle illustrated in FIG. 19 is a heat pump refrigeration apparatus using a nonazeotropic refrigerant similarly to the above-described refrigeration cycle according to the first embodiment. The different point from the first embodiment is that the composition of the mixed refrigerant is changed to allow the capacity to be increased or decreased in accordance with the load. Specifically, a gas-liquid separator 9 is provided between third and fourth capillary tubes 41 and 42 that operate as an expansion mechanism. A container 11 for storing a refrigerant is provided in a suction gas pipe 10. One end of the container 11 is connected to a gas region of the gas-liquid separator 9 via a first open-close valve 12. The other end of the container 11 is connected to the suction gas pipe 10 via the second open-close valve 13.

Bringing the second open-close valve 13 into a closed state and the first open-close valve 12 into an open state allows the mixed refrigerant with a large proportion of a low-boiling-point refrigerant to flow into the container 11 from the gas-liquid separator 9, and hence the refrigerant can be condensed and stored. Accordingly, the composition ratio of a high-boiling-point refrigerant in the circulating mixed refrigerant increases, and the capacity can be decreased.

Moreover, bringing the second open-close valve 13 into an open state and the first open-close valve 12 into a closed state allows the composition ratio of the mixed refrigerant to be returned to the original state and the capacity is increased.

The other configurations are similar to those of the first embodiment, and hence the same reference sign as that of the configuration according to the first embodiment is applied in FIG. 19 and the description is omitted.

In each embodiment described above, the evaporation pressure in the heating operation has two steps; however, the heat-source-side heat exchanger 3 may be divided into three or more sections, decompression mechanisms may be provided between the divided heat exchange sections, and the evaporation pressure may be changed by three or more steps.

In each embodiment described above, the capillary tube 7 is provided as a decompression mechanism; however, a decompression mechanism may be constituted by determining the inner diameter of the heat transfer tube of the heat-source-side heat exchanger 3 so as to obtain a proper decompression gradient.

Moreover, the decompression amount of the decompression mechanism may not be set such that the evaporation temperature at the inlet of the heat-source-side heat exchanger 3 is equal to or higher than the frost limit temperature during heating operation.

The embodiments of the present disclosure have been described above, and it is understood that the embodiments and details can be modified in various ways without departing from the idea and scope of the present disclosure described in the claims.

REFERENCE SIGNS LIST

-   -   1 compressor     -   2 use-side heat exchanger     -   3 heat-source-side heat exchanger     -   4 first capillary tube (expansion mechanism)     -   7 second capillary tube (decompression mechanism)     -   21 third heat exchange section     -   22 fourth heat exchange section     -   31 first heat exchange section     -   32 second heat exchange section     -   41 third capillary tube (expansion mechanism)     -   42 fourth capillary tube (expansion mechanism)     -   60 use unit

CITATION LIST Patent Literature

PTL 1: Japanese Unexamined Patent Application Publication No. 57-198968 

1. A refrigeration cycle using a refrigerant which is a flammable refrigerant and which contains at least 1,2-difluoroethylene (HFO-1132(E)), comprising: a compressor; a heat-source-side heat exchanger; an expansion mechanism; a use-side heat exchanger; and a decompression mechanism that decompresses, between an inlet and an outlet of the heat-source-side heat exchanger, the mixed refrigerant flowing through the heat-source-side heat exchanger that functions as an evaporator.
 2. The refrigeration cycle according to claim 1, wherein the decompression mechanism decompresses the refrigerant flowing through the heat-source-side heat exchanger in accordance with a temperature gradient of the refrigerant.
 3. The refrigeration cycle according to claim 1, wherein the heat-source-side heat exchanger includes a first heat exchange section and a second heat exchange section, and the decompression mechanism is disposed between the first heat exchange section and the second heat exchange section.
 4. The refrigeration cycle according to claim 1, wherein the use-side heat exchanger is disposed in a use unit, and includes a third heat exchange section located on a front-surface side of the use unit, and a fourth heat exchange section located on a rear-surface side of the use unit, an upper portion of the fourth heat exchange section is located near an upper portion of the third heat exchange section, the third heat exchange section extends obliquely downward from the upper portion thereof toward the front-surface side of the use unit, the fourth heat exchange section extends obliquely downward from the upper portion thereof toward the rear-surface side of the use unit, and a capacity of a refrigerant flow path of the third heat exchange section is larger than a capacity of a refrigerant flow path of the fourth heat exchange section.
 5. The refrigeration cycle according to claim 1, wherein the refrigerant comprises trans-1,2-difluoroethylene (HFO-1132(E)), trifluoroethylene (HFO-1123), and 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoro-1-propene (R1234yf).
 6. The refrigeration cycle according to claim 5, wherein when the mass % of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R1234yf based on their sum in the refrigerant is respectively represented by x, y, and z, coordinates (x,y,z) in a ternary composition diagram in which the sum of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R1234yf is 100 mass % are within the range of a figure surrounded by line segments AA′, A′B, BD, DC′, C′C, CO, and OA that connect the following 7 points: point A (68.6, 0.0, 31.4), point A′ (30.6, 30.0, 39.4), point B (0.0, 58.7, 41.3), point D (0.0, 80.4, 19.6), point C′(19.5, 70.5, 10.0), point C (32.9, 67.1, 0.0), and point O (100.0, 0.0, 0.0), or on the above line segments (excluding the points on the line segments BD, CO, and OA); the line segment AA′ is represented by coordinates (x, 0.0016x²−0.9473x+57.497, −0.0016x²−0.0527x+42.503), the line segment A′B is represented by coordinates (x, 0.0029x²−1.0268x+58.7, −0.0029x²+0.0268x+41.3), the line segment DC′ is represented by coordinates (x, 0.0082x²−0.6671x+80.4, −0.0082x²−0.3329x+19.6), the line segment C′C is represented by coordinates (x, 0.0067x²−0.6034x+79.729, −0.0067x²−0.3966x+20.271), and the line segments BD, CO, and OA are straight lines.
 7. The refrigeration cycle according to claim 5, wherein when the mass % of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R1234yf based on their sum in the refrigerant is respectively represented by x, y, and z, coordinates (x,y,z) in a ternary composition diagram in which the sum of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R1234yf is 100 mass % are within the range of a figure surrounded by line segments GI, IA, AA′, A′B, BD, DC′, C′C, and CG that connect the following 8 points: point G (72.0, 28.0, 0.0), point I (72.0, 0.0, 28.0), point A (68.6, 0.0, 31.4), point A′ (30.6, 30.0, 39.4), point B (0.0, 58.7, 41.3), point D (0.0, 80.4, 19.6), point C′(19.5, 70.5, 10.0), and point C (32.9, 67.1, 0.0), or on the above line segments (excluding the points on the line segments IA, BD, and CG); the line segment AA′ is represented by coordinates (x, 0.0016x²−0.9473x+57.497, −0.0016x²−0.0527x+42.503), the line segment A′B is represented by coordinates (x, 0.0029x²−1.0268x+58.7, −0.0029x²+0.0268x+41.3), the line segment DC′ is represented by coordinates (x, 0.0082x²−0.6671x+80.4, −0.0082x²−0.3329x+19.6), the line segment C′C is represented by coordinates (x, 0.0067x²−0.6034x+79.729, −0.0067x²−0.3966x+20.271), and the line segments GI, IA, BD, and CG are straight lines.
 8. The refrigeration cycle according to claim 5, wherein when the mass % of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R1234yf based on their sum in the refrigerant is respectively represented by x, y, and z, coordinates (x,y,z) in a ternary composition diagram in which the sum of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R1234yf is 100 mass % are within the range of a figure surrounded by line segments JP, PN, NK, KA′, A′B, BD, DC′, C′C, and CJ that connect the following 9 points: point J (47.1, 52.9, 0.0), point P (55.8, 42.0, 2.2), point N (68.6, 16.3, 15.1), point K (61.3, 5.4, 33.3), point A′ (30.6, 30.0, 39.4), point B (0.0, 58.7, 41.3), point D (0.0, 80.4, 19.6), point C′(19.5, 70.5, 10.0), and point C (32.9, 67.1, 0.0), or on the above line segments (excluding the points on the line segments BD and CJ); the line segment PN is represented by coordinates (x, −0.1135x²+12.112x−280.43, 0.1135x²−13.112x+380.43), the line segment NK is represented by coordinates (x, 0.2421x²−29.955x+931.91, −0.2421x²+28.955x−831.91), the line segment KA′ is represented by coordinates (x, 0.0016x²−0.9473x+57.497, −0.0016x²−0.0527x+42.503), the line segment A′B is represented by coordinates (x, 0.0029x²−1.0268x+58.7, −0.0029x²+0.0268x+41.3), the line segment DC′ is represented by coordinates (x, 0.0082x²−0.6671x+80.4, −0.0082x²−0.3329x+19.6), the line segment C′C is represented by coordinates (x, 0.0067x²−0.6034x+79.729, −0.0067x²−0.3966x+20.271), and the line segments JP, BD, and CG are straight lines.
 9. The refrigeration cycle according to claim 5, wherein when the mass % of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R1234yf based on their sum in the refrigerant is respectively represented by x, y, and z, coordinates (x,y,z) in a ternary composition diagram in which the sum of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R1234yf is 100 mass % are within the range of a figure surrounded by line segments JP, PL, LM, MA′, A′B, BD, DC′, C′C, and CJ that connect the following 9 points: point J (47.1, 52.9, 0.0), point P (55.8, 42.0, 2.2), point L (63.1, 31.9, 5.0), point M (60.3, 6.2, 33.5), point A′ (30.6, 30.0, 39.4), point B (0.0, 58.7, 41.3), point D (0.0, 80.4, 19.6), point C′(19.5, 70.5, 10.0), and point C (32.9, 67.1, 0.0), or on the above line segments (excluding the points on the line segments BD and CJ); the line segment PL is represented by coordinates (x, −0.1135x²+12.112x−280.43, 0.1135x²−13.112x+380.43) the line segment MA′ is represented by coordinates (x, 0.0016x²−0.9473x+57.497, −0.0016x²−0.0527x+42.503), the line segment A′B is represented by coordinates (x, 0.0029x²−1.0268x+58.7, −0.0029x²+0.0268x+41.3), the line segment DC′ is represented by coordinates (x, 0.0082x²−0.6671x+80.4, −0.0082x²−0.3329x+19.6), the line segment C′C is represented by coordinates (x, 0.0067x²−0.6034x+79.729, −0.0067x²−0.3966x+20.271), and the line segments JP, LM, BD, and CG are straight lines.
 10. The refrigeration cycle according to claim 5, wherein when the mass % of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R1234yf based on their sum in the refrigerant is respectively represented by x, y, and z, coordinates (x,y,z) in a ternary composition diagram in which the sum of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R1234yf is 100 mass % are within the range of a figure surrounded by line segments PL, LM, MA′, A′B, BF, FT, and TP that connect the following 7 points: point P (55.8, 42.0, 2.2), point L (63.1, 31.9, 5.0), point M (60.3, 6.2, 33.5), point A′ (30.6, 30.0, 39.4), point B (0.0, 58.7, 41.3), point F (0.0, 61.8, 38.2), and point T (35.8, 44.9, 19.3), or on the above line segments (excluding the points on the line segment BF); the line segment PL is represented by coordinates (x, −0.1135x²+12.112x−280.43, 0.1135x²−13.112x+380.43), the line segment MA′ is represented by coordinates (x, 0.0016x²−0.9473x+57.497, −0.0016x²−0.0527x+42.503), the line segment A′B is represented by coordinates (x, 0.0029x²−1.0268x+58.7, −0.0029x²+0.0268x+41.3), the line segment FT is represented by coordinates (x, 0.0078x²−0.7501x+61.8, −0.0078x²−0.2499x+38.2), the line segment TP is represented by coordinates (x, 0.00672x²−0.7607x+63.525, −0.00672x²−0.2393x+36.475), and the line segments LM and BF are straight lines.
 11. The refrigeration cycle according to claim 5, wherein when the mass % of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R1234yf based on their sum in the refrigerant is respectively represented by x, y, and z, coordinates (x,y,z) in a ternary composition diagram in which the sum of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R1234yf is 100 mass % are within the range of a figure surrounded by line segments PL, LQ, QR, and RP that connect the following 4 points: point P (55.8, 42.0, 2.2), point L (63.1, 31.9, 5.0), point Q (62.8, 29.6, 7.6), and point R (49.8, 42.3, 7.9), or on the above line segments; the line segment PL is represented by coordinates (x, −0.1135x²+12.112x−280.43, 0.1135x²−13.112x+380.43), the line segment RP is represented by coordinates (x, 0.00672x²−0.7607x+63.525, −0.00672x²−0.2393x+36.475), and the line segments LQ and QR are straight lines.
 12. The refrigeration cycle according to claim 5, wherein when the mass % of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R1234yf based on their sum in the refrigerant is respectively represented by x, y, and z, coordinates (x,y,z) in a ternary composition diagram in which the sum of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R1234yf is 100 mass % are within the range of a figure surrounded by line segments SM, MA′, A′B, BF, FT, and TS that connect the following 6 points: point S (62.6, 28.3, 9.1), point M (60.3, 6.2, 33.5), point A′ (30.6, 30.0, 39.4), point B (0.0, 58.7, 41.3), point F (0.0, 61.8, 38.2), and point T (35.8, 44.9, 19.3), or on the above line segments, the line segment MA′ is represented by coordinates (x, 0.0016x²−0.9473x+57.497, −0.0016x²−0.0527x+42.503), the line segment A′B is represented by coordinates (x, 0.0029x²−1.0268x+58.7, −0.0029x²+0.0268x+41.3), the line segment FT is represented by coordinates (x, 0.0078x²−0.7501x+61.8, −0.0078x²−0.2499x+38.2), the line segment TS is represented by coordinates (x, −0.0017x²−0.7869x+70.888, −0.0017x²−0.2131x+29.112), and the line segments SM and BF are straight lines.
 13. The refrigeration cycle according to claim 1, wherein the refrigerant comprises trans-1,2-difluoroethylene (HFO-132(E)) and trifluoroethylene (HFO-1123) in a total amount of 99.5 mass % or more based on the entire refrigerant, and the refrigerant comprises 62.0 mass % to 72.0 mass % of HFO-1132(E) based on the entire refrigerant.
 14. The refrigeration cycle according to claim 1, wherein the refrigerant comprises trans-1,2-difluoroethylene (HFO-1132(E)) and trifluoroethylene (HFO-1123) in a total amount of 99.5 mass % or more based on the entire refrigerant, and the refrigerant comprises 45.1 mass % to 47.1 mass % of HFO-1132(E) based on the entire refrigerant.
 15. The refrigeration cycle according to claim 1, wherein the refrigerant comprises trans-1,2-difluoroethylene (HFO-1132(E)), trifluoroethylene (HFO-1123), 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoro-1-propene (R1234yf), and difluoromethane (R32), wherein when the mass % of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, R1234yf, and R32 based on their sum in the refrigerant is respectively represented by x, y, z, and a, if 0<a≤11.1, coordinates (x,y,z) in a ternary composition diagram in which the sum of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R1234yf is (100−a) mass % are within the range of a figure surrounded by straight lines GI, IA, AB, BD′, D′C, and CG that connect the following 6 points: point G (0.026a²−1.7478a+72.0, −0.026a²+0.7478a+28.0, 0.0), point I (0.026a²−1.7478a+72.0, 0.0, −0.026a²+0.7478a+28.0), point A (0.0134a²−1.9681a+68.6, 0.0, −0.0134a²+0.9681a+31.4), point B (0.0, 0.0144a²−1.6377a+58.7, −0.0144a²+0.6377a+41.3), point D′(0.0, 0.0224a²+0.968a+75.4, −0.0224a²−1.968a+24.6), and point C (−0.2304a²−0.4062a+32.9, 0.2304a²−0.5938a+67.1, 0.0), or on the straight lines GI, AB, and D′C (excluding point G, point I, point A, point B, point D′, and point C); if 11.1<a<18.2, coordinates (x,y,z) in the ternary composition diagram are within the range of a figure surrounded by straight lines GI, IA, AB, BW, and WG that connect the following 5 points: point G (0.02a²−1.6013a+71.105, −0.02a²+0.6013a+28.895, 0.0), point I (0.02a²−1.6013a+71.105, 0.0, −0.02a²+0.6013a+28.895), point A (0.0112a²−1.9337a+68.484, 0.0, −0.0112a²+0.9337a+31.516), point B (0.0, 0.0075a²−1.5156a+58.199, −0.0075a²+0.5156a+41.801), and point W (0.0, 100.0−a, 0.0), or on the straight lines GI and AB (excluding point G, point I, point A, point B, and point W); if 18.2<a≤26.7, coordinates (x,y,z) in the ternary composition diagram are within the range of a figure surrounded by straight lines GI, IA, AB, BW, and WG that connect the following 5 points: point G (0.0135a²−1.4068a+69.727, −0.0135a²+0.4068a+30.273, 0.0), point I (0.0135a²−1.4068a+69.727, 0.0, −0.0135a²+0.4068a+30.273), point A (0.0107a²−1.9142a+68.305, 0.0, −0.0107a²+0.9142a+31.695), point B (0.0, 0.009a²−1.6045a+59.318, −0.009a²+0.6045a+40.682), and point W (0.0, 100.0−a, 0.0), or on the straight lines GI and AB (excluding point G, point I, point A, point B, and point W); if 26.7<a≤36.7, coordinates (x,y,z) in the ternary composition diagram are within the range of a figure surrounded by straight lines GI, IA, AB, BW, and WG that connect the following 5 points: point G (0.0111a²−1.3152a+68.986, −0.0111a²+0.3152a+31.014, 0.0), point I (0.0111a²−1.3152a+68.986, 0.0, −0.0111a²+0.3152a+31.014), point A (0.0103a²−1.9225a+68.793, 0.0, −0.0103a²+0.9225a+31.207), point B (0.0, 0.0046a²−1.41a+57.286, −0.0046a²+0.41a+42.714), and point W (0.0, 100.0−a, 0.0), or on the straight lines GI and AB (excluding point G, point I, point A, point B, and point W); and if 36.7<a≤46.7, coordinates (x,y,z) in the ternary composition diagram are within the range of a figure surrounded by straight lines GI, IA, AB, BW, and WG that connect the following 5 points: point G (0.0061a²−0.9918a+63.902, −0.0061a²−0.0082a+36.098, 0.0), point I (0.0061a²−0.9918a+63.902, 0.0, −0.0061a²−0.0082a+36.098), point A (0.0085a²−1.8102a+67.1, 0.0, −0.0085a²+0.8102a+32.9), point B (0.0, 0.0012a²−1.1659a+52.95, −0.0012a²+0.1659a+47.05), and point W (0.0, 100.0−a, 0.0), or on the straight lines GI and AB (excluding point G, point I, point A, point B, and point W).
 16. The refrigeration cycle according to claim 1, wherein the refrigerant comprises trans-1,2-difluoroethylene (HFO-1132(E)), trifluoroethylene (HFO-1123), 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoro-1-propene (R1234yf), and difluoromethane (R32), wherein when the mass % of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, R1234yf, and R32 based on their sum in the refrigerant is respectively represented by x, y, z, and a, if 0<a≤11.1, coordinates (x,y,z) in a ternary composition diagram in which the sum of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R1234yf is (100−a) mass % are within the range of a figure surrounded by straight lines JK′, K′B, BD′, D′C, and CJ that connect the following 5 points: point J (0.0049a²−0.9645a+47.1, −0.0049a²−0.0355a+52.9, 0.0), point K′ (0.0514a²−2.4353a+61.7, −0.0323a²+0.4122a+5.9, −0.0191a²+1.0231a+32.4), point B (0.0, 0.0144a²−1.6377a+58.7, −0.0144a²+0.6377a+41.3), point D′(0.0, 0.0224a²+0.968a+75.4, −0.0224a²−1.968a+24.6), and point C (−0.2304a²−0.4062a+32.9, 0.2304a²−0.5938a+67.1, 0.0), or on the straight lines JK′, K′B, and D′C (excluding point J, point B, point D′, and point C); if 11.1<a≤18.2, coordinates (x,y,z) in the ternary composition diagram are within the range of a figure surrounded by straight lines JK′, K′B, BW, and WJ that connect the following 4 points: point J (0.0243a²−1.4161a+49.725, −0.0243a²+0.4161a+50.275, 0.0), point K′(0.0341a²−2.1977a+61.187, −0.0236a²+0.34a+5.636, −0.0105a²+0.8577a+33.177), point B (0.0, 0.0075a²−1.5156a+58.199, −0.0075a²+0.5156a+41.801), and point W (0.0, 100.0−a, 0.0), or on the straight lines JK′ and K′B (excluding point J, point B, and point W); if 18.2<a≤26.7, coordinates (x,y,z) in the ternary composition diagram are within the range of a figure surrounded by straight lines JK′, K′B, BW, and WJ that connect the following 4 points: point J (0.0246a²−1.4476a+50.184, −0.0246a²+0.4476a+49.816, 0.0), point K′ (0.0196a²−1.7863a+58.515, −0.0079a²−0.1136a+8.702, −0.0117a²+0.8999a+32.783), point B (0.0, 0.009a²−1.6045a+59.318, −0.009a²+0.6045a+40.682), and point W (0.0, 100.0−a, 0.0), or on the straight lines JK′ and K′B (excluding point J, point B, and point W); if 26.7<a≤36.7, coordinates (x,y,z) in the ternary composition diagram are within the range of a figure surrounded by straight lines JK′, K′A, AB, BW, and WJ that connect the following 5 points: point J (0.0183a²−1.1399a+46.493, −0.0183a²+0.1399a+53.507, 0.0), point K′ (−0.0051a²+0.0929a+25.95, 0.0, 0.0051a²−1.0929a+74.05), point A (0.0103a²−1.9225a+68.793, 0.0, −0.0103a²+0.9225a+31.207), point B (0.0, 0.0046a²−1.41a+57.286, −0.0046a²+0.41a+42.714), and point W (0.0, 100.0−a, 0.0), or on the straight lines JK′, K′A, and AB (excluding point J, point B, and point W); and if 36.7<a≤46.7, coordinates (x,y,z) in the ternary composition diagram are within the range of a figure surrounded by straight lines JK′, K′A, AB, BW, and WJ that connect the following 5 points: point J (−0.0134a²+1.0956a+7.13, 0.0134a²−2.0956a+92.87, 0.0), point K′(−1.892a+29.443, 0.0, 0.892a+70.557), point A (0.0085a²−1.8102a+67.1, 0.0, −0.0085a²+0.8102a+32.9), point B (0.0, 0.0012a²−1.1659a+52.95, −0.0012a²+0.1659a+47.05), and point W (0.0, 100.0−a, 0.0), or on the straight lines JK′, K′A, and AB (excluding point J, point B, and point W).
 17. The refrigeration cycle according to claim 1, wherein the refrigerant comprises trans-1,2-difluoroethylene (HFO-1132(E)), difluoromethane (R32), and 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoro-1-propene (R1234yf), wherein when the mass % of HFO-1132(E), R32, and R1234yf based on their sum in the refrigerant is respectively represented by x, y, and z, coordinates (x,y,z) in a ternary composition diagram in which the sum of HFO-1132(E), R32, and R1234yf is 100 mass % are within the range of a figure surrounded by line segments IJ, JN, NE, and EI that connect the following 4 points: point I (72.0, 0.0, 28.0), point J (48.5, 18.3, 33.2), point N (27.7, 18.2, 54.1), and point E (58.3, 0.0, 41.7), or on these line segments (excluding the points on the line segment EI; the line segment I is represented by coordinates (0.0236y²−1.7616y+72.0, y, −0.0236y²+0.7616y+28.0); the line segment NE is represented by coordinates (0.012y²−1.9003y+58.3, y, −0.012y²+0.9003y+41.7); and the line segments JN and EI are straight lines.
 18. The refrigeration cycle according to claim 1, wherein the refrigerant comprises trans-1,2-difluoroethylene (HFO-1132(E)), difluoromethane (R32), and 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoro-1-propene (R1234yf), wherein when the mass % of HFO-1132(E), R32, and R1234yf based on their sum in the refrigerant is respectively represented by x, y, and z, coordinates (x,y,z) in a ternary composition diagram in which the sum of HFO-1132(E), R32, and R1234yf is 100 mass % are within the range of a figure surrounded by line segments MM′, M′N, NV, VG, and GM that connect the following 5 points: point M (52.6, 0.0, 47.4), point M′(39.2, 5.0, 55.8), point N (27.7, 18.2, 54.1), point V (11.0, 18.1, 70.9), and point G (39.6, 0.0, 60.4), or on these line segments (excluding the points on the line segment GM); the line segment MM′ is represented by coordinates (0.132y²−3.34y+52.6, y, −0.132y²+2.34y+47.4); the line segment M′N is represented by coordinates (0.0596y²−2.2541y+48.98, y, −0.0596y²+1.2541y+51.02); the line segment VG is represented by coordinates (0.0123y²−1.8033y+39.6, y, −0.0123y²+0.8033y+60.4); and the line segments NV and GM are straight lines.
 19. The refrigeration cycle according to claim 1, wherein the refrigerant comprises trans-1,2-difluoroethylene (HFO-1132(E)), difluoromethane (R32), and 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoro-1-propene (R1234yf), wherein when the mass % of HFO-1132(E), R32, and R1234yf based on their sum in the refrigerant is respectively represented by x, y and z, coordinates (x,y,z) in a ternary composition diagram in which the sum of HFO-1132(E), R32, and R1234yf is 100 mass % are within the range of a figure surrounded by line segments ON, NU, and UO that connect the following 3 points: point O (22.6, 36.8, 40.6), point N (27.7, 18.2, 54.1), and point U (3.9, 36.7, 59.4), or on these line segments; the line segment ON is represented by coordinates (0.0072y²−0.6701y+37.512, y, −0.0072y²−0.3299y+62.488); the line segment NU is represented by coordinates (0.0083y²−1.7403y+56.635, y, −0.0083y²+0.7403y+43.365); and the line segment UO is a straight line.
 20. The refrigeration cycle according to claim 1, wherein the refrigerant comprises trans-1,2-difluoroethylene (HFO-1132(E)), difluoromethane (R32), and 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoro-1-propene (R1234yf), wherein when the mass % of HFO-1132(E), R32, and R1234yf based on their sum in the refrigerant is respectively represented by x, y, and z, coordinates (x,y,z) in a ternary composition diagram in which the sum of HFO-1132(E), R32, and R1234yf is 100 mass % are within the range of a figure surrounded by line segments QR, RT, TL, LK, and KQ that connect the following 5 points: point Q (44.6, 23.0, 32.4), point R (25.5, 36.8, 37.7), point T (8.6, 51.6, 39.8), point L (28.9, 51.7, 19.4), and point K (35.6, 36.8, 27.6), or on these line segments; the line segment QR is represented by coordinates (0.0099y²−1.975y+84.765, y, −0.0099y²+0.975y+15.235); the line segment RT is represented by coordinates (0.0082y²−1.8683y+83.126, y, −0.0082y²+0.8683y+16.874); the line segment LK is represented by coordinates (0.0049y²−0.8842y+61.488, y, −0.0049y²−0.1158y+38.512); the line segment KQ is represented by coordinates (0.0095y²−1.2222y+67.676, y, −0.0095y²+0.2222y+32.324); and the line segment TL is a straight line.
 21. The refrigeration cycle according to claim 1, wherein the refrigerant comprises trans-1,2-difluoroethylene (HFO-1132(E)), difluoromethane (R32), and 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoro-1-propene (R1234yf), wherein when the mass % of HFO-1132(E), R32, and R1234yf based on their sum in the refrigerant is respectively represented by x, y, and z, coordinates (x,y,z) in a ternary composition diagram in which the sum of HFO-1132(E), R32, and R1234yf is 100 mass % are within the range of a figure surrounded by line segments PS, ST, and TP that connect the following 3 points: point P (20.5, 51.7, 27.8), point S (21.9, 39.7, 38.4), and point T (8.6, 51.6, 39.8), or on these line segments; the line segment PS is represented by coordinates (0.0064y²−0.7103y+40.1, y, −0.0064y²−0.2897y+59.9); the line segment ST is represented by coordinates (0.0082y²−1.8683y+83.126, y, −0.0082y²+0.8683y+16.874); and the line segment TP is a straight line.
 22. The refrigeration cycle according to claim 1, wherein the refrigerant comprises trans-1,2-difluoroethylene (HFO-1132(E)), trifluoroethylene (HFO-1123), and difluoromethane (R32), wherein when the mass % of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R32 based on their sum in the refrigerant is respectively represented by x, y, and z, coordinates (x,y,z) in a ternary composition diagram in which the sum of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R32 is 100 mass % are within the range of a figure surrounded by line segments IK, KB′, B′H, HR, RG, and GI that connect the following 6 points: point I (72.0, 28.0, 0.0), point K (48.4, 33.2, 18.4), point B′ (0.0, 81.6, 18.4), point H (0.0, 84.2, 15.8), point R (23.1, 67.4, 9.5), and point G (38.5, 61.5, 0.0), or on these line segments (excluding the points on the line segments B′H and GI); the line segment IK is represented by coordinates (0.025z²−1.7429z+72.00, −0.025z²+0.7429z+28.0, z), the line segment HR is represented by coordinates (−0.3123z²+4.234z+11.06, 0.3123z²−5.234z+88.94, z), the line segment RG is represented by coordinates (−0.0491z²−1.1544z+38.5, 0.0491z²+0.1544z+61.5, z), and the line segments KB′ and GI are straight lines.
 23. The refrigeration cycle according to claim 1, wherein the refrigerant comprises trans-1,2-difluoroethylene (HFO-1132(E)), trifluoroethylene (HFO-1123), and difluoromethane (R32), wherein when the mass % of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R32 based on their sum in the refrigerant is respectively represented by x, y, and z, coordinates (x,y,z) in a ternary composition diagram in which the sum of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R32 is 100 mass % are within the range of a figure surrounded by line segments IJ, JR, RG, and GI that connect the following 4 points: point I (72.0, 28.0, 0.0), point J (57.7, 32.8, 9.5), point R (23.1, 67.4, 9.5), and point G (38.5, 61.5, 0.0), or on these line segments (excluding the points on the line segment GI); the line segment I is represented by coordinates (0.025z²−1.7429z+72.0, −0.025z²+0.7429z+28.0, z), the line segment RG is represented by coordinates (−0.0491z²−1.1544z+38.5, 0.0491z²+0.1544z+61.5, z), and the line segments JR and GI are straight lines.
 24. The refrigeration cycle according to claim 1, wherein the refrigerant comprises trans-1,2-difluoroethylene (HFO-1132(E)), trifluoroethylene (HFO-1123), and difluoromethane (R32) wherein when the mass % of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R32 based on their sum in the refrigerant is respectively represented by x, y, and z, coordinates (x,y,z) in a ternary composition diagram in which the sum of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R32 is 100 mass % are within the range of a figure surrounded by line segments MP, PB′, B′H, HR, RG, and GM that connect the following 6 points: point M (47.1, 52.9, 0.0), point P (31.8, 49.8, 18.4), point B′ (0.0, 81.6, 18.4), point H (0.0, 84.2, 15.8), point R (23.1, 67.4, 9.5), and point G (38.5, 61.5, 0.0), or on these line segments (excluding the points on the line segments B′H and GM); the line segment MP is represented by coordinates (0.0083z²−0.984z+47.1, −0.0083z²−0.016z+52.9, z), the line segment HR is represented by coordinates (−0.3123z²+4.234z+11.06, 0.3123z²−5.234z+88.94, z), the line segment RG is represented by coordinates (−0.0491z²−1.1544z+38.5, 0.0491z²+0.1544z+61.5, z), and the line segments PB′ and GM are straight lines.
 25. The refrigeration cycle according to claim 1, wherein the refrigerant comprises trans-1,2-difluoroethylene (HFO-1132(E)), trifluoroethylene (HFO-1123), and difluoromethane (R32), wherein when the mass % of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R32 based on their sum in the refrigerant is respectively represented by x, y, and z, coordinates (x,y,z) in a ternary composition diagram in which the sum of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R32 is 100 mass % are within the range of a figure surrounded by line segments MN, NR, RG, and GM that connect the following 4 points: point M (47.1, 52.9, 0.0), point N (38.5, 52.1, 9.5), point R (23.1, 67.4, 9.5), and point G (38.5, 61.5, 0.0), or on these line segments (excluding the points on the line segment GM); the line segment MN is represented by coordinates (0.0083z²−0.984z+47.1, −0.0083z²−0.016z+52.9, z), the line segment RG is represented by coordinates (−0.0491z²−1.1544z+38.5, 0.0491z²+0.1544z+61.5, z), and the line segments JR and GI are straight lines.
 26. The refrigeration cycle according to claim 1, wherein the refrigerant comprises trans-1,2-difluoroethylene (HFO-1132(E)), trifluoroethylene (HFO-1123), and difluoromethane (R32), wherein when the mass % of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R32 based on their sum in the refrigerant is respectively represented by x, y, and z, coordinates (x,y,z) in a ternary composition diagram in which the sum of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R32 is 100 mass % are within the range of a figure surrounded by line segments PS, ST, and TP that connect the following 3 points: point P (31.8, 49.8, 18.4), point S (25.4, 56.2, 18.4), and point T (34.8, 51.0, 14.2), or on these line segments; the line segment ST is represented by coordinates (−0.0982z²+0.9622z+40.931, 0.0982z²−1.9622z+59.069, z), the line segment TP is represented by coordinates (0.0083z²−0.984z+47.1, −0.0083z²−0.016z+52.9, z), and the line segment PS is a straight line.
 27. The refrigeration cycle according to claim 1, wherein the refrigerant comprises trans-1,2-difluoroethylene (HFO-1132(E)), trifluoroethylene (HFO-1123), and difluoromethane (R32) wherein when the mass % of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R32 based on their sum in the refrigerant is respectively represented by x, y, and z, coordinates (x,y,z) in a ternary composition diagram in which the sum of HFO-1132(E), HFO-1123, and R32 is 100 mass % are within the range of a figure surrounded by line segments QB″, B″D, DU, and UQ that connect the following 4 points: point Q (28.6, 34.4, 37.0), point B″ (0.0, 63.0, 37.0), point D (0.0, 67.0, 33.0), and point U (28.7, 41.2, 30.1), or on these line segments (excluding the points on the line segment B″D); the line segment DU is represented by coordinates (−3.4962z²+210.71z−3146.1, 3.4962z²−211.71z+3246.1, z), the line segment UQ is represented by coordinates (0.0135z²−0.9181z+44.133, −0.0135z²−0.0819z+55.867, z), and the line segments QB″ and B″D are straight lines. 